全文获取类型
收费全文 | 4210篇 |
免费 | 222篇 |
专业分类
管理学 | 523篇 |
民族学 | 40篇 |
人才学 | 1篇 |
人口学 | 443篇 |
丛书文集 | 26篇 |
理论方法论 | 550篇 |
综合类 | 48篇 |
社会学 | 2033篇 |
统计学 | 768篇 |
出版年
2023年 | 52篇 |
2022年 | 22篇 |
2021年 | 62篇 |
2020年 | 139篇 |
2019年 | 186篇 |
2018年 | 200篇 |
2017年 | 246篇 |
2016年 | 195篇 |
2015年 | 133篇 |
2014年 | 149篇 |
2013年 | 757篇 |
2012年 | 201篇 |
2011年 | 185篇 |
2010年 | 150篇 |
2009年 | 126篇 |
2008年 | 131篇 |
2007年 | 130篇 |
2006年 | 127篇 |
2005年 | 107篇 |
2004年 | 103篇 |
2003年 | 96篇 |
2002年 | 83篇 |
2001年 | 64篇 |
2000年 | 51篇 |
1999年 | 62篇 |
1998年 | 46篇 |
1997年 | 40篇 |
1996年 | 42篇 |
1995年 | 39篇 |
1994年 | 51篇 |
1993年 | 44篇 |
1992年 | 49篇 |
1991年 | 38篇 |
1990年 | 21篇 |
1989年 | 25篇 |
1988年 | 23篇 |
1987年 | 16篇 |
1986年 | 16篇 |
1985年 | 27篇 |
1984年 | 20篇 |
1983年 | 22篇 |
1982年 | 15篇 |
1981年 | 22篇 |
1980年 | 19篇 |
1979年 | 18篇 |
1978年 | 10篇 |
1977年 | 6篇 |
1976年 | 12篇 |
1975年 | 11篇 |
1974年 | 13篇 |
排序方式: 共有4432条查询结果,搜索用时 31 毫秒
91.
92.
Haijing Dai Yan Lau Ka Ho Lee 《Voluntas: International Journal of Voluntary and Nonprofit Organizations》2017,28(6):2614-2632
After the Asian Financial Crisis, the government of Hong Kong embraced the model of work-integration social enterprise (WISE) to sustain its facilitative and productivist welfare regime. Using the WISE of Pro-Love for marginalized women as a case study, the article examines the meaning of employment and social disadvantage in the organization. The ethnographic data reveal that while the WISE encourages women to participate in the paid labor market, it constructs employment in the social enterprise as part-time jobs for supplementary family income, restricts the extension of social networks for the female workers, and reinforces the cultural stereotypes of marginalized women. The study reflects on the mechanisms of the project of WISE in the welfare contexts of Hong Kong, and argues that programs targeted at labor participation cannot be automatically translated into reduction of exclusion in other domains. Long-term planning, policy coordination, and social advocacy are necessary to achieve social integration. 相似文献
93.
94.
This article reexamines the living arrangements of children following their parents’ divorce, using Wisconsin Court Records, updating an analysis that showed relatively small but significant increases in shared custody in the late 1980s and early 1990s. These changes have accelerated markedly in the intervening years: between 1988 and 2008, the proportion of mothers granted sole physical custody fell substantially, the proportion of parents sharing custody increased dramatically, and father–sole custody remained relatively stable. We explore changes in the correlates of alternative custody outcomes, showing that some results from the earlier analysis still hold (for example, cases with higher total family income are more likely to have shared custody), but other differences have lessened (shared-custody cases have become less distinctive as they have become more common). Despite the considerable changes in marriage and divorce patterns over this period, we do not find strong evidence that the changes in custody are related to changes in the characteristics of families experiencing a divorce; rather, changes in custody may be the result of changes in social norms and the process by which custody is determined. 相似文献
95.
Transformational leadership is assumed to enhance employees' creativity. However, results of meta‐analytic research on the relations between transformational leadership and creativity have fallen short of expectations. The authors argue that, besides leadership style, the creativity technique that a leader employs is an important means of stimulating employees' creativity. In addition, it is assumed that leadership styles and creativity techniques may have different effects, depending on the measure of creativity output (quantitative vs qualitative). Therefore, in an experimental setting, the effects of different creativity techniques (provocation technique vs brainwriting) and leadership styles (transformational vs transactional) on both quantitative and qualitative creativity were examined. Results showed that transformational leadership and provocation technique led to higher levels of qualitative creativity than transactional leadership and brainwriting, respectively. Conversely, transactional leadership and brainwriting were more effective for quantitative creativity. The additional benefit of the provocation technique in qualitative creativity was found to be higher in the transactional leadership condition than in the transformational leadership condition. Moreover, personal initiative made a significant and independent contribution to both qualitative and quantitative creativity. Implications for practice and future research are discussed. 相似文献
96.
Older Adults’ Experiences of Sexual Difficulties: Qualitative Findings From the English Longitudinal Study on Ageing (ELSA) 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
There is a growing body of evidence demonstrating that sexual activity is important to the quality of life of older adults, and that it can be influenced by physical, psychological, and social factors. However, older adults’ experiences of sexual difficulties remain relatively unexplored. This article draws on qualitative data collected as part of the English Longitudinal Study of Ageing (ELSA). Participants answered a Sexual Relationships and Activities Questionnaire (SRA-Q), which included an open comment box for further details, 1,084 (1/7) of which were completed. These data were analyzed using Template Analysis, and findings on the experiences of sexual difficulties are presented in this article. Sexual difficulties were contextualized within the couple relationship and could be detrimental to the relationship, particularly if the partner would not seek professional help. Participants reported that sexual difficulties could also have a negative impact on psychological well-being, described mainly as frustration, depression, and sadness. For some participants the supportive nature of their relationship buffered these impacts. Few had sought professional help; those who had reported helpful and unhelpful experiences. These findings add to the limited evidence base and have implications for health care in the context of global aging and a growing recognition of older adults’ sexual rights. 相似文献
97.
Daniel B. Wright 《Journal of applied statistics》2018,45(14):2536-2547
Measuring school effectiveness using student test scores is controversial and some methods used for this can be inaccurate in some situations. The validity of two statistical models – the Student Growth Percentile (SGP) model and a multilevel gain score model – are evaluated. The SGP model conditions on previous test scores thereby unblocking a backdoor path between true school/teacher effectiveness and student test scores. When the product of the coefficients that make up this unblocked backdoor path is positive, the SGP estimates can be inaccurate. The accuracy of the multilevel gain score model was not associated with the product of this backdoor path. The gain score model appears promising in these situations where the SGP and other covariate adjusted models perform poorly. 相似文献
98.
99.
Diana Hernández Yang Jiang Daniel Carrión Douglas Phillips Yumiko Aratani 《Journal of Children and Poverty》2016,22(2):77-92
The costs for rent and utilities account for the largest share of living expenses, yet these two critical dimensions of material hardship have seldom been examined concurrently in population-based studies. This paper employs multivariate statistical analysis using American Community Survey data to demonstrate the relative risk ratio of low-income renter-occupied households with children experiencing ‘rent burden', ‘energy insecurity', or a ‘double burden’ as opposed to no burden. Findings suggest that low-income households are more likely to experience these economic hardships in general but that specific groups are disproportionately burdened in different ways. For instance, whereas immigrants are more likely to experience rental burden, they are less likely to experience energy insecurity and are also spared from the double burden. In contrast, native-born African Americans are more likely than all other groups to experience the double burden. These results may be driven by the housing stock available to certain groups due to racial residential segregation, decisions regarding the quality of housing low-income householders are able to afford, as well as home-country values, such as modest living and energy conservation practices, among immigrant families. This paper also points to important policy gaps in safety net benefits related to housing and energy targeting low-income households. 相似文献
100.
This paper considers quantile regression for a wide class of time series models including autoregressive and moving average (ARMA) models with asymmetric generalized autoregressive conditional heteroscedasticity errors. The classical mean‐variance models are reinterpreted as conditional location‐scale models so that the quantile regression method can be naturally geared into the considered models. The consistency and asymptotic normality of the quantile regression estimator is established in location‐scale time series models under mild conditions. In the application of this result to ARMA‐generalized autoregressive conditional heteroscedasticity models, more primitive conditions are deduced to obtain the asymptotic properties. For illustration, a simulation study and a real data analysis are provided. 相似文献