Forecasts of population in the United States

In this paper the author discusses the work of the Division of the U.S. Bureau of the Census, which is concerned with forecasting populations. He traces the development of these activities and considers some of the actual forecasts that have been made.     

Older Adults’ Gambling Motivation and Problem Gambling: A Comparative Study

Gambling participation rates among older adults (65+ years) have been increasing in recent years. Very few studies have compared older and younger gamblers on gambling motivation and problem gambling. This study compared 41 male and 63 female older gamblers (66-87 years; median 73) to 20 male and 85 female younger gamblers (17-34 years; median 20) in New Zealand on gambling involvement, gambling motives and number of gambling related problems in the previous 12 months. The questionnaire included the Gambling Motivation Scale (GMS) and the Revised South Oaks Gambling Screen (SOGS-R) of current problem gambling. There were between-group age differences but no significant gender or gender by age interaction effects. While older adults had significantly lower scores on all the measures, except they gambled more frequently, for both groups frequency of gambling, number of activities, largest amount spent in a single session and all motives were correlated with SOGS-R scores. Preferences for electronic gaming machines and bingo were related to SOGS-R scores for both age groups. Hierarchical regression analysis showed that after statistically controlling for age, gambling involvement and other motives, tension release uniquely predicted SOGS-R scores. For both age groups, increasing severity of problem gambling is more likely to be associated with releasing tension than with winning money or seeking sensation.     

Technology and Family Dynamics: The Relationships Among Children’s Use of Mobile Devices,Family Atmosphere and Parenting Approaches

Child and Adolescent Social Work Journal - This paper examines how family atmosphere, parental self-efficacy, parenting methods and children’s patterns of mobile device use result in negative...     

I agreed to go because........examining the Agency of Children within a phenomenon conceptualised as trafficking in Ghana

The legal and policy framework on child trafficking is dismissive of children's agency and regards them as vulnerable personalities. This paper examines the scope of children's agency in their transportation to other communities for fishing in Ghana. Using a phenomenological design, 17 child returnees' views were elicited on their movement for fishing activities. Findings revealed that children's agentive capabilities progressed primarily from consent giving to negotiation. Highlighting the relational and material context within which children's agency unfolds, the study suggests that it is erroneous to generally ascribe the discursive label of ‘innocence’ to children who are considered as trafficked.     

Exploring Antecedents of Charitable Giving and Their Impact on Subjective Well-Being in Singapore

There is a declining number of donors and increasing number of charities competing for donations in Singapore. In this study we explore the values and attitudes (i.e. empathy, individualism and materialism) associated with donation behaviour and their consequences on the donor’s subjective well-being among 226 Singaporeans from a cross-section of society. We found individuals who value warm relationships with others are more likely to have an empathetic attitude and donate money to charities. However, we did not find a relationship between individualism and donation behaviour nor materialism and donation behaviour. Moreover, helping those in need (donation behaviour) did not influence the donor’s subjective well-being. The theoretical and managerial implications are discussed and suggestions for future research provided.     

Bareback sex and the law: the difficult issue of HIV status disclosure

1. Unsafe anal intercourse (bareback sex) is on the rise within the gay community. 2. Barebacking constitutes a sexual practice with strong HIV-related legal implications. Nurses need to be aware of public health laws to be able to protect clients from undue legal prosecution. 3. Nurses need to be aware of the components of HIV pretest counseling. 4. Adopting a nonjudgmental, matter-of-fact approach is essential in establishing effective therapeutic relationships with clients who engage in bareback sex.     

A DISCRETE-IN-TIME PROBABILISTIC INVENTORY MODEL FOR DETERIORATING ITEMS

A probabilistic scheduling-period inventory model continuous in units and discrete in time is developed for deteriorating items where deterioration is assumed to be a constant fraction of the on-hand inventory. The model is developed under the conditions of instantaneous delivery and no shortages. An example followed by sensitivity analysis is given to illustrate the derived results.     

‘Nothing happened’: Legal implications of false denials among abused children

People lie on a frequent basis. However, when a victim of maltreatment lies by denying the abuse, lies can become forensically relevant. We have reviewed the relevant literature on the prevalence and memory consequences of such false denials. The way forensic interviewers proceed in the face of denying children will be shaped by their beliefs about the frequency with which truly abused children deny abuse. We discuss that estimates of the prevalence of false denials among abused children vary but that such false denials do happen. When falsely denying children eventually come forward with their experiences, a second issue lingers: how valid are maltreated children's statements after a false denial? We review the literature indicating that false denials can negatively affect memory for the investigative interview during which the lie was told. Yet, memory for the denied experience itself seems to be mostly preserved, and some research even found potential protective effects of false denials. We conclude that denials should always be handled with care in the court room, since the ground truth usually is not known, but that statements should not be dismissed based solely on previous denials.     

BARGAINING BEHAVIOR IN A BUSINESS SIMULATION GAME *

Three studies of labor-management negotiations were conducted within the context of a business simulation game. Face-to-face bargaining lasted approximately two hours and resulted in settlements that were incorporated into the simulation game parameters. A total of 56 simulated companies, each comprised of five MBA students, were studied. Results from the first study showed that extending low initial offers, extracting large first concessions, and making a high number of concessions were management bargaining tactics associated with obtaining a low wage rate. These findings were supported by study two. The third study found that an intrateam power mode of orientation was positively correlated with bargaining success and was negatively correlated with overall game success. The results support the use of a simulation game for teaching and research in bargaining.     

A Note on Determining Optimal Selling Price and Lot Size Under All-Unit Quantity Discounts

A recent study conducted by Abad [1] described a method of determining the optimal price and lot size when the supplier offers all-unit quantity discounts. The author developed a procedure using centralized and decentralized approaches. According to the author's suggestion, further study is necessary to determine if the decentralized approach always provides an optimal solution. In the present study, an attempt is made to investigate the uniformity between the centralized and decentralized approaches and to verify whether the decentralized approach always yields optimal solutions.