Multiple Disadvantages Among Older Citizens: What a Multidimensional Measure of Poverty Can Show

Using the newly created Freedom Poverty Measure, a multidimensional measure of poverty, it can be seen that there were 534,700 individuals who were in freedom poverty, who had either poor health or poor education in addition to having low incomes. This multidimensional disadvantage would not normally be captured by single measures of poverty, such as income poverty measures. Men were significantly less likely to be in freedom poverty than women (OR = 0.63, 95% CI: 0.54–0.74, p < .0001), and the proportion of individuals in freedom poverty increased with age, with those older than 85 being 2.3 times more likely to be in freedom poverty than those aged 65 to 69 years (95% CI: 1.73–3.11, p < .0001). Policy responses to address the marginalization of disadvantaged older people should take a multidisciplinary approach, addressing health inequalities in particular, not just low income.     

我国社会保障财政支出地区差异性的聚类分析

我国经济发展的不平衡导致社会保障财政支出存在地区间差异。2001至2010年我国人均社会保障支出呈现的周期性变化,近年东、中、西和东北四大地带内的差异是中国社会保障财政支出差异性的主要原因,尤以东部地带差异性显著。针对上述地区差异,利用谱系聚类方法,按社会保障财政能力的相似性将我国各地区分为四类。根据这一分类建议：我国要进一步完善社会保障补助制度,在增加社会保障财政支出的同时,发展各地区经济,平衡各地区之间的财政能力,实现全国社会保障均衡发展。     

大学生信息素质教育与创新型应用人才培养——以材料大类专业为例

在科学技术迅速发展、信息资源激增、知识老化周期大为缩短的新时期,新建本科院校必须对学生实施全面的信息素质教育,增强学生的信息获取能力、信息研究能力和信息道德能力,努力培养创新型应用人才。针对目前材料大类专业学生信息素质教育存在的问题,在材料大类专业构建由材料信息资源检索教学阶段、专业课教学阶段、科技创新及实践阶段、毕业设计阶段组成的四阶段信息素质教育体系,有助于提高学生的信息素质和创新能力。     

我国房地产投资增长率波动的实证研究——基于景气指数和脉冲方法的分析

利用景气指数和景气指标选取方法,筛选出了15个能够反映房地产投资波动状况的先行、一致、滞后景气指标,计算了1998年住房市场全面货币化以来我国的房地产投资增长率的合成指数并对其特征进行了分析,研究表明:1998-2008年我国的房地产投资经历了两个完整的周期.采用脉冲方法对影响我国房地产投资增长率周期波动的主要因素进行了实证分析,研究表明:房地产投资增长率与建筑成本增长率和M2正相关,与利率、房地产价格负相关.     

有限合伙--风险投资企业的最佳选择

由于有限合伙制度对普通合伙人和有限合伙人在权责利益上各有特殊的规定,因而它作为一种制度安排,非常适合以风险投资为投资和管理模式的高科技产业的发展.     

民国时期华北乡村土地秩序的纷乱、调整与重构——以对“民国河北高等法院档案”土地纠纷类案件的分析为中心

民国时期,随着政治实力的消长,各派势力像走马灯似的纷纷粉墨登场,其政策也一直处于频繁的游移与兴废之中。在这种社会大背景下,华北乡村的经济社会发展就处于一种极度不稳定状态,而租佃制实施过程中的一些弊端、农地的细化分割现象、农民离村多年后返村重新确认地产以及频发的自然灾害等因素直接导致了华北乡村土地纠纷的大量出现,这不仅折射了民国时期的土地经济实态,同时亦是华北乡村土地秩序的纷乱之源。在处理华北乡村土地纠纷、维系土地秩序的过程中,契约习惯具有重要作用,其所具有的特殊约束力不仅能使土地秩序自行调整,而且还可避免许多不必要的纷争,从而在一定程度上维系了土地秩序的较为稳定的格局。但契约习惯并不是万能的,当其无法维系土地秩序时,要使土地秩序免于纷乱、重新达于稳定,就必须求助于法律、依靠法院来裁决,而且这种裁决常常是强制性的。实践也证明,法院裁判在强制重构土地秩序以及稳定社会秩序方面的确具有不可替代的重要作用。     

次级债市场发展与中国商业银行资本金结构调整

对于商业银行而言,发行次级债是一种快速、高效、便捷的资本补充方式,也是一种主动、长期的负债来源。我国商业银行资本充足率的现状和发展趋势预示着次级债的发行将呈上升趋势。但是和国外商业银行相比,中国各商业银行目前的次级债发行处于起步阶段,国外商业银行的一些成熟的经验和做法值得我们借鉴。要促进我国商业银行次级债市场的健康发展,需要从完善商业银行信息披露和债券信用评级制度、培育次级债的流动市场、加强监管、培育和壮大商业银行外的机构投资者等方面加强建设。     

The Utility of a Gender-Specific Definition of Binge Drinking on the AUDIT

Abstract

Objective: Although binge drinking is commonly defined as the consumption of at least 5 drinks in 1 sitting for men and 4 for women, the Alcohol Use Disorders Identification Test (AUDIT) defines binge drinking as the consumption of 6 or more drinks in 1 sitting for both men and women. This study examined the effect of using gender-specific binge drinking definitions on overall AUDIT scores. Participants: Participants were 331 college men and 1224 college women. Methods: Participants completed a self-report questionnaire, which included the AUDIT. Results: Findings showed that defining binge drinking as 4 or more drinks for women, rather than 6 or more, does impact their AUDIT scores and could affect the percentage of women classified as hazardous users. Among men, AUDIT scores were unaffected by the use of a gender-specific definition of binge drinking. Conclusions: Results suggest that the AUDIT might be underidentifying hazardous users among college women.     

A Survey of 100 Community Colleges on Student Substance Use,Programming, and Collaborations

Abstract

Objective: The objective was to survey community college personnel about student substance use, and infrastructure (staff and funding), programs, and collaborations dedicated to substance use prevention. Participants: The sample included 100 administrators, faculty, and health services staff at 100 community colleges. Methods: Participants completed a Web-based survey. Results: Participants reported a number of alcohol and other drug (AOD) related concerns. Despite limited staff and funding dedicated to AOD, institutions are implementing a number of programs, although many are not implementing some of the programs popular at traditional 4-year colleges. They are also collaborating with a number of on- and off-campus groups. The availability of staff and funding dedicated to AOD, and the presence of residence halls, is associated with health programming and substance abuse collaborations. Conclusions: Results suggest that there is a need for increased research to understand the most effective AOD prevention strategies for community colleges.     

理工院校文科学报的专业化发展之路探析——以四川理工学院学报(社会科学版)为例

随着文化体制改革不断深入,我国理工院校文科学报该如何发展成为需研究的重要课题。《四川理工学院学报(社会科学版)》近来的发展提供了有益的借鉴。文章以从学术分布、对外开放度、学术影响力、专业化发展的制度保障等多个维度对该刊进行文献计量与统计分析发现,该学报在学术分布上形成了专业化发展趋势,学术影响力逐年提高,多项制度确保了专业化发展顺利进行。