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1.
Sabrina Golde Lydia Romund Robert C. Lorenz Patricia Pelz Tobias Gleich Anne Beck Diana Raufelder 《Journal of research on adolescence》2019,29(4):938-952
The present interdisciplinary study explored whether perceived loneliness is associated with ventromedial prefrontal cortex (vMPFC) activation during self‐ and social judgments (friends and teachers) in adolescents. Moreover, we examined how vMPFC activity is related to the academic self‐concept (ASC). Results of manifest path analysis indicated that high perceived loneliness was related to lower neural response to self‐judgments. In turn, high neural response to self‐judgments was positively associated with the ASC, whereas there was a trendwise negative association between high neural response to teacher‐related judgments and ASC. This study reveals associations between perceived loneliness and neural processing of the self, underlining the idea that feeling isolated from others may hinder self‐insight and, by extension, the formation of a stable academic self‐concept. 相似文献
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Diana Hernández Yang Jiang Daniel Carrión Douglas Phillips Yumiko Aratani 《Journal of Children and Poverty》2016,22(2):77-92
The costs for rent and utilities account for the largest share of living expenses, yet these two critical dimensions of material hardship have seldom been examined concurrently in population-based studies. This paper employs multivariate statistical analysis using American Community Survey data to demonstrate the relative risk ratio of low-income renter-occupied households with children experiencing ‘rent burden', ‘energy insecurity', or a ‘double burden’ as opposed to no burden. Findings suggest that low-income households are more likely to experience these economic hardships in general but that specific groups are disproportionately burdened in different ways. For instance, whereas immigrants are more likely to experience rental burden, they are less likely to experience energy insecurity and are also spared from the double burden. In contrast, native-born African Americans are more likely than all other groups to experience the double burden. These results may be driven by the housing stock available to certain groups due to racial residential segregation, decisions regarding the quality of housing low-income householders are able to afford, as well as home-country values, such as modest living and energy conservation practices, among immigrant families. This paper also points to important policy gaps in safety net benefits related to housing and energy targeting low-income households. 相似文献
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We discuss qualitative and quantitative research findings from a study exploring the benefits and effectiveness of a 12-week arts-based mindfulness group program for vulnerable children (children who were involved with the child welfare or mental health systems and experienced a variety of challenges). Using post-group individual interviews with children/guardians, and pre and post-intervention self-report data (using the Piers-Harris Children’s Self-Concept Scale and the Resiliency Scales for Children and Adolescents), we hypothesized that children would have improved resilience and self-concept after having completed the program. Interpretive thematic qualitative analysis was conducted using transcribed interview data collected from 47 children (30 girls and 17 boys with a mean age of 10.38 years). The perceived benefits of participating in the group included improved (a) emotion regulation, (b) mood, (c) coping/social skills, (d) confidence and self-esteem, (e) empathy, and (f) ability to pay attention and focus. The quantitative analysis used self-report data from 77 children (43 girls and 34 boys with a mean age of 10.34 years). A repeated measures MANOVA was used to examine changes across the intervention period. Our hypothesis that children would have better scores on self-concept after having completed the program was partially supported and this result reflected the perceived improvements derived from the qualitative analysis. The hypothesis that resilience would improve post-group was not supported. Using these promising results, we discuss how strengths-based and arts-based mindfulness group methods may be effective in engaging vulnerable children in a beneficial helping process. 相似文献
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Adolescents’ Socio‐Motivational Relationships With Teachers,Amygdala Response to Teacher's Negative Facial Expressions,and Test Anxiety 下载免费PDF全文
Diana Raufelder Frances Hoferichter Lydia Romund Sabrina Golde Robert C. Lorenz Anne Beck 《Journal of research on adolescence》2016,26(4):706-722
The amygdala is essential for processing emotions, including the processing of aversive faces. The aim of this multimethodological study was to relate the amygdala reactivity of students (N = 88) toward teachers’ fearful and angry faces, to students’ relationship with their teachers. Furthermore, students’ neural responses during the perception of teachers’ faces were tested as predictors of test anxiety (controlling for neuroticism as a potential trait anxiety effect). Multiple regression analysis revealed that students reporting high‐quality teacher–student relationships showed stronger amygdala activity toward fearful faces, which was related to worry. Furthermore, students with high levels of neuroticism tended to perceive their teachers as motivators and showed higher amygdala activity toward angry faces, which was related to the measures of emotionality. 相似文献
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帝国主义通过扭曲遭受其影响的国家的经济,导致人口迁移与大量移民。19世纪,帝国主义势力渗透到远东的许多国家。在帝国主义与中国的贸易关系中,英国对茶叶的需求量相当大(其次是丝绸),但除了清政府需要的白银外,没有其他可交换的物品。为防止国库的耗尽和平衡贸易条款,英国商人于是寻求扩大中国的鸦片市场。东印度公司首先抢占了这个市场,然后鸦片贸易便被私人企业所垄断。在最大的经销商中,英国的贾丁与马西森公司位列其中(Hanes and Sanello,2002)。中国人的禁烟努力导致了1839—1842年和1856—1860年的两次鸦片战争,中国被迫割让香港给… 相似文献
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Diana L.H. Chan 《Serials Review》2009,35(3):119-124
This paper reports on the developmental strategies, challenges and directions of the institutional repositories of the higher educational institutions in Hong Kong. The study integrates the size, content, full text and public accessibility of these repositories. The paper also compares archived output with research output as registered by the Hong Kong University Grants Committee. Percentages of archived work are low for journal and conference papers, but moderate for graduate theses. These deposit rates reflect the differing institutional policies. In recognizing these challenges, the Hong Kong Open Access Committee has been formed to address regional issues in knowledge sharing. 相似文献
8.
Randomized response techniques are widely employed in surveys dealing with sensitive questions to ensure interviewee anonymity
and reduce nonrespondents rates and biased responses. Since Warner’s (J Am Stat Assoc 60:63–69, 1965) pioneering work, many
ingenious devices have been suggested to increase respondent’s privacy protection and to better estimate the proportion of
people, π
A
, bearing a sensitive attribute. In spite of the massive use of auxiliary information in the estimation of non-sensitive parameters,
very few attempts have been made to improve randomization strategy performance when auxiliary variables are available. Moving
from Zaizai’s (Model Assist Stat Appl 1:125–130, 2006) recent work, in this paper we provide a class of estimators for π
A
, for a generic randomization scheme, when the mean of a supplementary non-sensitive variable is known. The minimum attainable
variance bound of the class is obtained and the best estimator is also identified. We prove that the best estimator acts as
a regression-type estimator which is at least as efficient as the corresponding estimator evaluated without allowing for the
auxiliary variable. The general results are then applied to Warner and Simmons’ model. 相似文献
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