儿童如何参与研究：基于照片引谈法的解读

照片引谈法是一种基于艺术的研究方法。用于儿童研究能为儿童赋权增能,支持儿童借助视觉表达自身的真实生活样态,进行自我的知识建构,也能获取更多、有更好信度与效度的研究数据。儿童研究中的照片引谈法程序包括确定研究主题和目标、邀请儿童参与、选择摄影工具、明确拍摄要求、整理照片、正式引谈、分析资料形成结论七个步骤,对儿童与成人的权力反思贯穿于全过程。未来使儿童成为积极的研究参与者需要关注方法论层面的思考,增强对研究伦理的观照,融合多学科领域的理念和方法,增强包容性。     

“生存”与“自由”:“感性活动”的辩证实质与时代价值

“感性活动”是马克思主义唯物史观的基本范畴。经创造性继承费尔巴哈“感性对象”原则与黑格尔否定的辩证法,马克思阐发了“感性活动”的物质基础与能动原则,赋予其三重规定：为生存资料需要的物质生产活动、形成社会关系社会矛盾的物质交往活动、为个性自由推翻现实矛盾的革命改造活动。马克思将人的“需要”机制作为推动和创造原则论证了感性活动从“生存”到“自由”的辩证运动过程,从而揭开了整个社会历史形成与发展之谜,确立了其哲学的实践基础,实现了对唯心主义和直观唯物主义的整体超越。而对感性活动进行生存、反思与自由的当代诠释,是为新时代中国特色社会主义主要矛盾论断找到重要哲学支撑,这既从学理上丰富了马克思主义,印证了不平衡不充分发展的特殊历史性,又在实践层面预示了实现美好生活需要的必然性,为社会创造活动提供了精神动力。     

Life Satisfaction of Rural Migrant Workers in Urban China: The Roles of Community Service Participation and Identity Integration

Abstract

China is home to approximately 245 million rural-to-urban migrant workers. The influx of migrants into urban areas has posed various challenges for local social service systems. Recently, increasing number of community services have been developed to meet the growing service demands from the migrant population. However, whether increase in community service use results in improved wellbeing among migrant workers remains critically unexplored. As such, this study examines the role of community service use in migrant workers’ life satisfaction and the potential mediating effect of identity integration in Shenzhen, China. Bootstrapped models were adopted to examine relationship among variables. Drawing from a sample of 1,087 rural-to-urban migrant workers, we found that community service use is positively correlated with both identity integration and migrant workers’ life satisfaction. Moreover, identity integration served as a partial mediator between community service use and life satisfaction. The mediating effect of identity integration was found to increase with age. This study highlights that diverse services should be implemented to address divergent needs of migrants in different age groups. Community service can also serve as a vehicle to foster integration among migrant workers in host communities, especially for older age groups. Future studies may further investigate the relationships between community social capital, community social support, quality of community-based organization and frequency of service use so as to optimize the life satisfaction of migrant workers.     

凝固型大米风味酸奶的研制

用大米蛋白或大米蛋白水解物部分替代牛乳粉生产大米风味酸奶,以谷糠乳杆菌和乳酸乳球菌乳酸亚种为发酵菌种,以酸度和感官为评价指标,通过大米蛋白及其水解物添加量、大米蛋白水解度、乳糖补加及蔗糖添加研究对大米风味酸奶酸度和感官的影响。结果表明,大米风味酸奶的酸度和感官评分随大米蛋白添加量的增加而降低。产品酸度随大米蛋白水解度增加而增大,大米蛋白水解度为7.5%时感官得分最高;产品酸度和感官评分随大米水解物添加量增加而降低,大米蛋白水解物添加量在40%以下时,均可生产出合格的大米风味酸奶。补加乳糖对产品酸度和感官无显著影响。添加蔗糖对产品酸度无显著影响,但对产品感官影响显著,蔗糖添加量在4~6%时,大米风味酸奶的感官得分最高,表现为色泽均匀,质地较细腻,未见乳清析出,凝乳稳定,口感较细腻柔滑,酸甜度适中,米香风味浓郁。     

Co-Occurring Psychosocial Problems and Multiple Sexual Partners among Men Who Have Sex with Men in Shanghai,China: A Syndemic Approach

We aimed to apply syndemic theory to verify the association and reinforcing effects between psychosocial problems and multiple sexual partners (MSP) of men who have sex with men (MSM) in Shanghai, China. A cross-sectional study was conducted among 547 MSM in Shanghai, China using a face-to-face survey. Sociodemographic and psychosocial data were collected, as well as information on MSP and condomless anal sex. In the 6 months prior to the survey, 54.3% of the MSM sample had had MSP. Univariate analysis showed that self-esteem, depression, loneliness, sexual compulsivity, and involuntary subordination (IS) were associated with MSP. Sexual compulsivity (multivariate odds ratio [ORm] = 2.94, 95% CI = 1.76–4.91) and IS (ORm = 1.79, 95% CI = 1.14–2.81) remained significant in multivariate analysis. MSM with five or more psychosocial problems had greater odds of (adjusted odds ratios = 3.06, 95% CI = 1.49–6.25) having MSP in the previous 6 months than the non-syndemic group. Our findings provide preliminary confirmation of the additive relationship of syndemic psychosocial health conditions and MSP among MSM in Shanghai, China. An integrated intervention with special focus on sexual compulsivity and IS is needed.     

融资融券扩容和流动性

  流动性是市场的灵魂,金融创新的目的和结果是提高资产的流动性。2010年3月31日,证监会以促进市场流动性为目的,正式推出融资融券业务试点,并在2011年至2013年先后3次扩大中国A股市场融资融券标的股票的范围。因此,研究中国融资融券是否促进流动性并探究其内在机制具有非常重要的现实意义。         排除股指期货和股指期权等卖空机制的影响,运用面板回归方法和适合政策评估的双重差分法,分别检验2011年至2013年3次融资融券扩容对标的股票流动性的影响,并从融资和融券交易者的短期交易策略和标的股票股东结构变化两个方面探讨买空卖空机制与流动性因果关系的内在机制。         研究结果表明,融资和融券交易的双重引入降低了交易成本和价格影响,提高了标的股票的流动性。随着融资融券业务的深入开展和发展,融资融券标的股票扩容对价格影响方面的流动性的影响越来越强。融资交易者的短期动量交易策略降低了价格影响和交易成本,融券交易者的短期动量交易策略降低了价格影响,而对交易成本影响不显著。由于部分机构投资者退场,偏好短线投机炒作的中大型个体投资者入场,换手率高、流通市值低和特质波动率低等类型的标的股票组合的流动性提高更为明显。         融资融券交易提高标的股票流动性的研究结论补充了已有研究关于买空卖空机制对市场质量影响方面的实证证据,也为中国融资融券业务的发展和完善提供借鉴意义。     

历史唯物主义视域下的现代性反思

现代性的发展潜力完全失效了么？关于人和社会价值理想的现代性并不意味着失效,而是更加鼓励人们重新审视自我、面对现实、设计未来。当人们赖以实现理想的途径遭到质疑的时候,马克思对现代性问题的超越．无疑为现代性健康发展提供了明确指向。     

高校教师信息素养评价体系研究

本文将在综合分析信息素养的发展历程和研究进展基础上深入探讨高校教师信息素养评价体系的现实课题,并期望未来研究采用实证定量研究对其信度和效度进行验证。     

现代政治文化与民族国家治理

现代政治文化具有世俗性、自主性、开放性与融合性。民族国家治理是国家公共权力控制和引导政治、社会活动的运作行为。政治文化现代化与民族国家治理之间存在互动关系。现代政治文化对民族国家治理提供支撑与协调,民族国家的治理活动推动、引导政治文化现代化的发展。     

新型城镇化背景下产城人融合的模式探索——以佛山为例

本文从国内外新型城镇化发展趋势及背景着手,以制造业名城佛山为例,分析历年来佛山城市定位和产城人融合战略的演进,并在实践中探索"1+2+5+X"城市组团模式下人与自然生态、文化科技和谐酿成的三湖模式、佛山新城模式等成功做法,揭示了产城人融合的科学选择。