Profile Likelihood Inferences on the Partially Linear Model with a Diverging Number of Parameters

In this article, we study the profile likelihood estimation and inference on the partially linear model with a diverging number of parameters. Polynomial splines are applied to estimate the nonparametric component and we focus on constructing profile likelihood ratio statistic to examine the testing problem for the parametric component in the partially linear model. Under some regularity conditions, the asymptotic distribution of profile likelihood ratio statistic is proposed when the number of parameters grows with the sample size. Numerical studies confirm our theory.     

SPECIAL ISSUE： RECONSTRUCTING THE GENEALOGY OF CONFUCIANISM： XUN ZI＇S THOUGHT AND HIS HISTORICAL IMAGEIntroduction

Xun Zi （c. 336 BC-238 BC; given name Kuang）, who lived in the State of Zhao （now Handan City, Hebei Province） during the Warring States period, was a great thinker and educator. As the last master of Confucianism in the Pre-Qin period, he established his own system of thought by inheriting and developing that of Confucius and assimilating the achievements of other contemporary philosophers. His scholarly thought had a great influence on later ages. The spread of the Five Classics （The Book of Songs, The Book of Documents, The Book of Rites, The Book of Changes and The Spring and Autumn Annals） in the Hart Dynasty owed almost entirely to his disciples. From the Han to the Tang, people such as Sima Qian, Liu Xiang, Wang Chong, Yan Zhitui, Wei Zheng and Yang Jing put Xun Zi ahead of Mencius, showing that his influence outweighed the latter＇s. Xun Zi＇s philosophy lay at the heart of thinking on state administration in the Han and Tang, two of the most prosperous dynasties in Chinese history.     

县级政府规模影响因素的实证研究——以四川省为例

以2007年四川省177个县级行政单位为样本,考察县级政府规模与经济发展水平、常住人口数量、管辖区域面积之间的相关关系。研究结果表明,经济发展水平、常住人口数量、管辖区域面积三大因素对县级政府规模存在不同程度的影响,充分考虑这些影响因素,可以为优化并确立合理的政府规模提供有价值的政策建议。     

Ratio index variables or ANCOVA? Fisher's cats revisited

Over 60 years ago Ronald Fisher demonstrated a number of potential pitfalls with statistical analyses using ratio variables. Nonetheless, these pitfalls are largely overlooked in contemporary clinical and epidemiological research, which routinely uses ratio variables in statistical analyses. This article aims to demonstrate how very different findings can be generated as a result of less than perfect correlations among the data used to generate ratio variables. These imperfect correlations result from measurement error and random biological variation. While the former can often be reduced by improvements in measurement, random biological variation is difficult to estimate and eliminate in observational studies. Moreover, wherever the underlying biological relationships among epidemiological variables are unclear, and hence the choice of statistical model is also unclear, the different findings generated by different analytical strategies can lead to contradictory conclusions. Caution is therefore required when interpreting analyses of ratio variables whenever the underlying biological relationships among the variables involved are unspecified or unclear. Copyright © 2009 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.     

Asymptotic results for fitting marginal hazards models from stratified case-cohort studies with multiple disease outcomes

In stratified case-cohort designs, samplings of case-cohort samples are conducted via a stratified random sampling based on covariate information available on the entire cohort members. In this paper, we extended the work of Kang & Cai (2009) to a generalized stratified case-cohort study design for failure time data with multiple disease outcomes. Under this study design, we developed weighted estimating procedures for model parameters in marginal multiplicative intensity models and for the cumulative baseline hazard function. The asymptotic properties of the estimators are studied using martingales, modern empirical process theory, and results for finite population sampling.     

HZ－1宽温度氯化钾（钠）镀锌光亮剂的研制

在非离子表面活性剂分子中引入新的亲水基团，再与其他非离子表面活性剂复配，研制出一种新的载体光亮剂．该载体光亮剂浊点高，乳化能力强。用其配制的ＨＺ－１型镀锌光亮剂具有使用温度范围宽（５～６５℃），抗干扰离子能力强，镀层光亮细致等优点．同时对加入ＨＺ－１型光亮剂镀液的部分电化学性能进行了测试。     

非正弦功率的探讨和非线性阻抗下的瞬时正弦分解法

本文对传统电工理论中关于非正弦功率的定义及计算方法进行了探讨和分析，指出其缺陷和不足，介绍了非正弦电流，功率的瞬时分析法并提出了瞬时正弦分解法。     

A preliminary investigation of the double-track feedback model of fertility control]

The need to consider the impact of nuptiality and fertility changes when developing models of fertility change in China is stressed. The authors conclude that the development of a system that regulates both fertility and marriage patterns is required if population growth is to be efficiently controlled through a population policy.     

一种数字波束形成(DBF)算法

本文介绍了 DBF 的基本特点与实现方案。在具有严格约束的最小功率自适应算法与采样矩阵梯度算法的基础上,提出了一种能同时形成一组自适应扫描多波束的 DBF 算法。文中以一个12元线阵为例,对该算法进行了计算机模拟,给出了大量的模拟结果。结果表明,每个自适应波束在干扰源方向都形成了较深的“零点”,而在约束方向则保持不变的功率。     

Conditional screening for ultra-high dimensional covariates with survival outcomes

Identifying important biomarkers that are predictive for cancer patients’ prognosis is key in gaining better insights into the biological influences on the disease and has become a critical component of precision medicine. The emergence of large-scale biomedical survival studies, which typically involve excessive number of biomarkers, has brought high demand in designing efficient screening tools for selecting predictive biomarkers. The vast amount of biomarkers defies any existing variable selection methods via regularization. The recently developed variable screening methods, though powerful in many practical setting, fail to incorporate prior information on the importance of each biomarker and are less powerful in detecting marginally weak while jointly important signals. We propose a new conditional screening method for survival outcome data by computing the marginal contribution of each biomarker given priorily known biological information. This is based on the premise that some biomarkers are known to be associated with disease outcomes a priori. Our method possesses sure screening properties and a vanishing false selection rate. The utility of the proposal is further confirmed with extensive simulation studies and analysis of a diffuse large B-cell lymphoma dataset. We are pleased to dedicate this work to Jack Kalbfleisch, who has made instrumental contributions to the development of modern methods of analyzing survival data.