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71.
Abstract. This paper uses matched employer–employee data from Denmark to examine how gender segregation at the level of occupation, industry, establishment, and job‐cell impacts the gender wage differential of full‐time, private‐sector salaried and manual workers. Wage effects of gender segregation at the above four levels are estimated through fixed effects or through controls for the proportion females within these structures. We find that occupation has a much larger role than industry or establishment in accounting for the gender gap for salaried but not manual workers, and that for both groups there is a significant within‐job‐cell gender wage differential. 相似文献
72.
Proponents of traditional conflict theory have argued that minority races receive harsher justice system dispositions because they lack the power and resources to ensure equal treatment. Hawkins' (1987) proposed revision of this model predicts minoritv races will receive harsher dispositions in social contexts in which their power threatens the dominant group's hegemony.
This study uses juvenile justice processing data from the 32 Florida SMA counties to examine these competing models. The effects of three measures of blacks' power are considered—the relative size of black and white population, the proportion of blacks who are poor, and the average black/white income gap—on differential treatment of black and white juveniles at three court processing stages. A higher proportion of whites in the population is associated with harsher dispositions for black youths. This result is consistent with traditional conflict theory. The other two measures have no differential racial effect on disposition severity. 相似文献
This study uses juvenile justice processing data from the 32 Florida SMA counties to examine these competing models. The effects of three measures of blacks' power are considered—the relative size of black and white population, the proportion of blacks who are poor, and the average black/white income gap—on differential treatment of black and white juveniles at three court processing stages. A higher proportion of whites in the population is associated with harsher dispositions for black youths. This result is consistent with traditional conflict theory. The other two measures have no differential racial effect on disposition severity. 相似文献
73.
Donna Vinton 《The Career development quarterly》2004,52(4):370-373
This article traces the author's emotional journey of a job search, from finding what seems to be the perfect position to being turned down for the job. It is intended to remind counselors, employers, and job seekers of the emotional side of a process that is often seen as a simple series of rational, cognitive, and carefully planned steps. 相似文献
74.
The authors analyzed twelve videotapes made by HIV-infected women for their children. Using grounded theory methods the concept of eternal mothering provides a framework to study the interactive aspects of mothering, and the significance of impending maternal death from a stigmatizing illness. In creating these videotape legacies, the mothers drew on personal experiences of gender, class, race, ethnicity, family configurations, and other social conditions. There is tension between women's self-presentation in an attempt to control the impressions they make on their children, and their decision to disclose stigmatizing secrets with the potential consequential loss of maternal authority and children's loyalty, as well as inherited shame by association. 相似文献
75.
This study evaluates 35 impaired elderly clients of a social day care center and compares them with 116 impaired persons taken from a random sample of community elderly using the Duke Older Americans Resources and Services (OARS) functional assessment instrument. Multiple discriminant analysis is used to determine if factors exist which predict use of adult day care facilities. Results indicate that three domains distinguish day care participation; social resources, economic, and mental health. Discussion and implications center on the conclusion that day care clients are more likely labeled as dependent by their families than are impaired community elderly.Charles M. Barresi is Professor of Sociology and a Fellow in the Institute for Life Span Development and Gerontology at the University of Akron at Akron, Ohio. He earned his Ph.D. at the State University of New York at Buffalo. His research interests include ethnicity in aging, gender differences in widowhood and patterns of family care-giving. He is co-editor of the forthcoming book, Ethnic Dimensions of Aging.Donna J. McConnell is a graduate of the University of Akron, Department of Sociology. She holds the degree of M.A. Specialist in Gerontology, and Donna is currently serving as rehabilitation counselor for the Mahoning County Transitional Homes in Youngstown, Ohio.Direct all correspondence to: Charles M. Barresi, Department of Sociology, The University of Akron, Akron, OH 44325.Revision of a paper presented at the 37th Annual Scientific Meeting of the Gerontological Society of America, San Antonio, Texas, November 16–20, 1984. The authors would like to thank John Allen, Ronald Huiatt, and the Summit Senior's Team Corporation, for making the PISCES Project data available. Dennis Byrne and Geoffery Greer provided helpful suggestions with the analysis. 相似文献
76.
77.
David D. Witt Bernard Davidson Donna L. Sollie George D. Lowe Charles W. Peek 《Sociological spectrum》2013,33(3):191-207
Research has been consistent in documenting the direct negative effect of early marriage on marital stability, while disagreeing over the level of influence of status attainment measures on divorce. However, the discipline has failed to come to consensus on the complexity of these relationships: that early marriage may operate indirectly through mediating variables to increase the likelihood of divorce. The focus of this paper is an analysis of a path model which includes the estimated effects of antecedents of early marriage, early marriage and education on the probability of divorce. Findings using the General Social Surveys support research that suggests that early marriage is the most important variable influencing divorce. Further, little influence of the early marriage measure through education was found. 相似文献
78.
Is the male marriage premium due to selection? The effect of shotgun weddings on the return to marriage 总被引:2,自引:1,他引:1
In standard cross-sectional wage regressions, married men appear to earn 10 to 20% more than comparable never married men.
One proposed explanation for this male marriage premium is that men may be selected into marriage on the basis of characteristics
valued by employers as well as by spouses or because they earn high wages. This paper examines the selection hypothesis by
focusing on shotgun weddings, which may make marital status uncorrelated with earnings ability. We compare the estimated marriage
premium between white men whose first marriages are soon followed by a birth and other married white men in the United States.
The return to marriage differs little for married men with a premarital conception and other married men, and the results
suggest that at most 10% of the estimated marriage premium is due to selection.
Received: 19 June 1998/Accepted: 10 July 2000 相似文献
79.
Donna Bassin Ph.D. 《Studies in Gender and Sexuality》2013,14(1):63-82
This essay tracks the vicissitudes of woman's analysis during her three year attempt to become pregnant, and in her own words, “to become a real mother”. As a lesbian daughter of heterosexual parents, she attempted to “cure” her infertility, and redress her self- perceived sexual sins through compliance with a fantasy of heterosexual completion. This fantasy came to be seen as a diversion from the more difficult task of re-engaging with a symbolic oedipal dilemma and bearing parricide guilt. 相似文献
80.
In addition to direct practice skills, social work students need to become familiar and competent with macrolevel approaches to addressing youth and transgender youth homelessness. Service-learning courses provide an effective approach for students to learn the necessary knowledge and skills. In two sections of an upper-division social work macropractice course, teams of students worked with nonprofit organizations that addressed the needs of homeless youths and transgender youths. A three-pronged approach—community forum, fund-raising, and advocacy campaign—allowed a range of activities and learning experiences that benefited the students and agencies. This three-pronged service-learning model engaged the community, spread the message about youth and transgender youth homelessness, and consisted of projects that people can easily implement in their own communities. 相似文献