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581.
Jeni Stevens Virginia Schmied Elaine Burns Hannah G. Dahlen 《Women and birth : journal of the Australian College of Midwives》2018,31(6):453-462
Problem
Providing skin-to-skin contact in the operating theatre and recovery is challenging.Background
Barriers are reported in the provision of uninterrupted skin-to-skin contact following a caesarean section.Aim
To explore how health professionals’ practice impacts the facilitation of skin-to-skin contact within the first 2 h following a caesarean section.Methods
Video ethnographic research was conducted utilising video recordings, observations, field notes, focus groups and interviews.Findings
The maternal body was divided in the operating theatre and mothers were perceived as ‘separate’ from their baby in the operating theatre and recovery. Obstetricians’ were viewed to ‘own’ the lower half of women; anaesthetists were viewed to ‘own’ the top half and midwives were viewed to ‘own’ the baby after birth. Midwives’ responsibility for the baby either negatively or positively affected the mother's ability to ‘own’ her baby, because midwives controlled what maternal-infant contact occurred. Mothers desired closeness with their baby, including skin-to-skin contact, however they realised that ‘owning’ their baby in the surgical environment could be challenging.Discussion
Health professionals’ actions are influenced by their environment and institutional regulations. Further education can improve the provision of skin-to-skin contact after caesarean sections. Skin-to-skin contact can help women remain with their baby and obtain a sense of control after their caesarean section.Conclusion
Providing skin-to-skin contact in the first 2 h after caesarean sections has challenges. Despite this, health professionals can meet the mother's desire to ‘own’ her baby by realising they are one entity, encouraging skin-to-skin contact and avoiding maternal and infant separation. 相似文献582.
583.
Campbell David A. Çarkoğlu Ali 《Voluntas: International Journal of Voluntary and Nonprofit Organizations》2019,30(4):738-753
VOLUNTAS: International Journal of Voluntary and Nonprofit Organizations - Scholarly research about philanthropy has de-emphasized informal giving to friends, neighbors and others in need. Yet,... 相似文献
584.
Stephen Campbell 《The Asia Pacific Journal of Anthropology》2019,20(1):57-73
With the general elections of November 2010, state rule in Myanmar entered a process widely seen as a transition—if stalled—to democracy and rule of law. Such transition narratives have posited normative rule of law and arbitrary rule outside law as opposing logics, and opposing practices. A similar dichotomy is found in studies of labour informalisation in the global South, where informal labour is understood as antithetical to legally protected employment. Arguing otherwise, this article employs interview and ethnographic data to pursue an anthropology of state formation as a means of reading formality and informality as complementary, rather than conflicting, logics of state practice. Drawing on Gavin Smith's notion of selective hegemony, I hold that state actors in Myanmar have pursued varied projects of rule over a heterogeneous landscape of labour relations. In this respect, rule of law is always selective, and informality exhibits not so much an absence of state rule as an indirect modality of rule. 相似文献
585.
586.
Curry SJ Mermelstein RJ Sporer AK Emery SL Berbaum ML Campbell RT Carusi C Flay B Taylor K Warnecke RB 《Evaluation review》2010,34(6):487-512
Although widely available, little is known about the effectiveness of youth cessation treatments delivered in real-world settings. The authors recruited a nonprobability sample of 41 community-based group-format programs that treated at least 15 youth per year and included evidence-based treatment components. Data collection included longitudinal surveys of youth participants (n = 878); posttreatment surveys of program leaders (n = 77); and one-time surveys of organizational leaders (n = 64)and community leaders in education, health, and juvenile justice (n = 94). Information about smoking-related ordinances was collected at the state and local levels. The framework, evaluation design, and implementation strategies described in this article provide a template for large-scale real-world program evaluations. 相似文献
587.
Using methods and themes from Charles Tilly’s work, this paper presents a number of propositions related to empire-to-state transformation. We argue that variations in national state development from imperial metropole origins can be explained, at least in part, by variations in imperial administration, finance, development, identity, and inequality. Capacity is a critical determinant of the results of state transformation, while decisions about finance and investment are both economic and political. Identity and inequality are inextricably linked to empire, and our exploration of these concepts demonstrates that they are the outcomes of variable processes linked to concrete, if inadvertent, lines of imperial decisions. 相似文献
588.
Family stigma is associated with persistent negative outcomes among adult children of parents with mental illness (ACOPMI). Loss of sense of self has been reported by ACOPMI; however, the role of family stigma on sense of self remains unclear. Additionally, research suggests coping behaviour (i.e. adaptive or maladaptive) influences the effect of stigmatization on sense of self. This study investigated the impact of family stigma and coping on sense of self among ACOPMI (N = 134, 63.4% female). As hypothesized, high family stigma was associated with weak sense of self (p < 0.001), and ACOPMI who endorsed adaptive coping demonstrated higher sense of self than those who coped maladaptively (p < 0.001). Further, coping moderated the relationship between family stigma and sense of self (p < 0.001). Unexpectedly, this relationship was only significant for ACOPMI with adaptive coping skills (p < 0.001). At higher levels of stigmatization, post hoc analysis revealed coping styles did not exert an influence on sense of self. Results suggest family stigma contributes to loss of sense of self among ACOPMI, with adaptive coping being protective only at lower levels of family stigma. Findings highlight the need for a systemic approach to eradicate family stigma. 相似文献
589.
Cleveland G. Shields Peter Franks Jeffrey J. Harp Susan H. McDaniel Thomas L. Campbell 《Journal of marital and family therapy》1992,18(4):395-407
This paper reports on the development, reliability, and validity of a self-report scale to assess from the recipients' perspective two factors derived from Expressed Emotion (EE) theroy. The Family Emotional Involvement and criticism Scale (FEICS) has two subsles: Perceived Criticism (PC) and intensity of Emotional Involvement (EI). These two factors are analogous to Critical Comments and Emotional Overeinovlvement, the two main factors of EE that are assessed through the camberwell Family Interview, the original direct observation measure of EE. FEICS was completed by 83 respondents who were a random sample of patients over 40 years of age receiving care at a Fmily Medicince Center. Cronbach's alpha was. 82 for the PC subscale and .74 for the EI subscale. Confirmatory factor analysis showed that each item loaded onn its propsed factor (all at ≥ .50) and not with the other factor (all at ≤ .15). The subscales exhibited expected correlations and partial correlations with FACES III subscales, ISEL subscales, the SCL-90 depression and anxiety subscale, and demographic variables. We conclude that the EFICS is a reliable instrument with perliminary evidence of its construct and criterion validity. 相似文献
590.
Robert Bright Elaine Coburn Julie Faye Derek Gafijczuk Karen Hollander Janny Jung Helen Syrmbos 《Revue canadienne de sociologie》1999,36(3):313-330
Cet article applique le concept habermassien de la sphère publique à l'examen des relations entre les journaux ethniques et grand public présents à Toronto. En particulier, cette étude analyse les éditoriaux parus au cours de l'année précédant le référendum de 1995 sur la souveraineté du Québec et en explique la couverture médiatique sur la base d'entretiens avec les rédacteurs en chef des journaux concernés. Pendant cette période, tous les journaux, sauf un, étaient antiséparatistes. Cependant, contrairement aux journaux grand public, les journaux ethniques se sont particulièrement attachés à des questions de survivance culturelle. Les approches des éditeurs sur la question de la souveraineté suggèrent qu'on ne peut ni parler de sphère publique unifiée ni de publics multiples et atomisés. Il y a plutôt des sphères publiques multiples - inscrites dans des tempo-ralités socio-économiques spécifiques - qui se recouvrent et se complètent. This article employs Habermas's concept of the public sphere in examining the relationship between ethnic and mainstream Toronto newspapers. In particular, the study analyses editorials in the year leading up to the 1995 Quebec referendum on sovereignty, and draws upon interviews with the newspaper editors in explaining the patterns of coverage. During the specified time period, all but one newspaper was anti-separatist. Unlike the mainstream papers, however, the ethnic presses stressed issues of cultural survival. The editors' approaches to the sovereignty question suggests that there is neither a single unified public sphere nor multiple discrete publics. Instead, there are multiple overlapping public spheres—embedded in particular socio-economic historical moments—that complement one another. 相似文献