企业雇员组织承诺三因素模型实证研究

文章以来自西安15家企业中的742名雇员为样本,采用协方差结构等式模型对组织承诺三因素模型在中国企业雇员中的适用性进行了初步考察。研究主要发现:测量感情承诺和规范承诺的量表具有可接受的信度,但是测量连续承诺的量表信度较低。三个量表表现出可接受的会聚和区分效度,但是效标效度还需要进一步的研究。     

Fusion of Intelligence Information: A Bayesian Approach

The attack that occurred on September 11, 2001 was, in the end, the result of a failure to detect and prevent the terrorist operations that hit the United States. The U.S. government thus faces at this time the daunting tasks of first, drastically increasing its ability to obtain and interpret different types of signals of impending terrorist attacks with sufficient lead time and accuracy, and second, improving its ability to react effectively. One of the main challenges is the fusion of information, from different sources (U.S. or foreign), and of different types (electronic signals, human intelligence. etc.). Fusion thus involves two very distinct and separate issues: communications, i.e., ensuring that the different U.S. and foreign intelligence agencies communicate all relevant and accurate information in a timely fashion and, perhaps more difficult, merging the content of signals, some "sharp" and some "fuzzy," some dependent and some independent into useful information. The focus of this article is on the latter issue, and on the use of the results. In this article, I present a classic probabilistic Bayesian model sometimes used in engineering risk analysis, which can be helpful in the fusion of information because it allows computation of the posterior probability of an event given its prior probability (before the signal is observed) and the quality of the signal characterized by the probabilities of false positive and false negative. Experience suggests that the nature of these errors has been sometimes misunderstood; therefore, I discuss the validity of several possible definitions.     

The Cadbury Committee recommendations on corporate governance – a review of compliance and performance impacts

In December 1992, the Cadbury Committee published their Code of Best Practice. The recommendations, which largely reflected perceived best practice at the time, included separating the roles of CEO and chairman, having a minimum of three non-executive directors on the board and the formulation of audit committees. The Code also advocated that a more active role be taken by institutional investors in the promotion of good practice in corporate governance. This paper discusses how agency problems may be (partially) resolved by corporate governance, reviews the evidence on compliance with the Cadbury Code and examines the relationship between board structure and firm performance, looking for evidence that the Code has enhanced board performance. While there is no empirical evidence of an association between board structure and firm value, there is some evidence that compliance with the Cadbury recommendations enhances board oversight with respect to the manipulation of accounting numbers and the discipline of the top executive.     

Supervision — ein Instrument zur Qualitätsentwicklung in der stationären Jugendhilfe

Supervision — an instrument of quality development in residential youth care The author summarizes the discussion about quality development in residential youth care with reference to fees. It also aims to clarify how this discussion influences the day-to-day work off the staff in residential institutions. The article demonstrates that supervision remains an indispensable instrument of quality development even when other quality instruments are being used. Supervisory processes have to considerate that the institutions must develop and implement instruments to ensure and evaluate their work.     

Computing maximum likelihood estimates from type II doubly censored exponential data

It is well-known that, under Type II double censoring, the maximum likelihood (ML) estimators of the location and scale parameters, θ and δ, of a twoparameter exponential distribution are linear functions of the order statistics. In contrast, when θ is known, theML estimator of δ does not admit a closed form expression. It is shown, however, that theML estimator of the scale parameter exists and is unique. Moreover, it has good large-sample properties. In addition, sharp lower and upper bounds for this estimator are provided, which can serve as starting points for iterative interpolation methods such as regula falsi. Explicit expressions for the expected Fisher information and Cramér-Rao lower bound are also derived. In the Bayesian context, assuming an inverted gamma prior on δ, the uniqueness, boundedness and asymptotics of the highest posterior density estimator of δ can be deduced in a similar way. Finally, an illustrative example is included.     

政府部门与企业人员培训管理的差异比较与评价研究

培训是人力资源开发的主要手段。政府部门和企业作为两种不同的组织形态,在组织目标、组织结构、组织文化、组织环境上存在明显差异,这些差异的存在使得两类组织在内部人员培训侧重点、培训目标、培训管理体制和培训法律依据等方面存在本质上的不同。在培训管理现状上,政府部门与企业在培训制度的完备程度、培训管理的规范与否、培训渠道是否多样、培训基础建设和培训实效的重视程度上都存在差异,且各有优势。为促进两类组织在培训方面的共同提高,政府部门与企业应相互学习。企业应学习政府部门重视思想素质的培训、培训管理体系的建立和培训基础工作的夯实,政府部门应学习企业重视培训实效的加强和培训途径的开拓。     

国画与阴阳辩证法

本文认为国画具体地体现着阴阳辩证法 ,它集中地表现为“象”与“意”的关系 ,又具体实现在辩证的构图和技法中     

关于社会对技术的必要约束——评技术价值中立论与价值自主论

技术的价值在于它可以物化为人造物 ,用来取代天然自然物和人自身。这种取代的成功导致了人类的“技术化生存”。现代技术有可能导致人的全面异化 ,所以对技术的研究与应用应加以必要的、合理的约束。技术价值中立论认为技术不涉及善恶问题 ,会导致对技术的无任何约束。这种观点是错误的。技术有禁区 ,如果技术研究同人类的根本利益相悖 ,就应当禁止。应提倡技术人道主义原则 ,这就需要摈弃认为技术自我决定、不受任何约束的技术至上论或技术自主论     

国际人权公约与我国人权立法的比较

本文通过国际人权公约和我国人权立法的比较,可以看到我国人权立法与世界共同标准不断接近的轨迹.尽管权利的确立和保障,要受一国经济、社会和文化发展水平的制约,采取的步骤应与一国的国情和承受能力相适应.但毫无疑问,继续缩小两者的差异,解决相互间的冲突,是我国人权立法完善和前进的方向.     

大学生创造性人格调查分析

21世纪人才素质的核心是创造性素质。创造性素质 ,主要指一个人的创新意识、创造性思维能力以及创造性人格品质。本研究利用卡氏十六种人格因素测验量表 (16 PF)对北京邮电大学本科生的创造性人格进行测试 ,分析表明影响人的创造力的因素是复杂的。创造性是可以通过教育进行培养的 ,关键是要通过教育改革创造条件 ,允许和鼓励人的个性的发展