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991.
992.
Military sexual trauma (MST) has recently received much attention from the media in contemporary society. With the ever-increasing population of United States service members returning from the Iraq and Afghanistan wars, it is vital for any mental health practitioner to be aware of the epidemic that is sexual assault in the military, the unique trauma experiences of the MST survivor, and treatment implications incorporating multiple psychological theories. This article explores three factors, referred to as the trauma trifecta, in which the effects of MST are exacerbated: the loss of professional and personal identity, the regulatory functions of self harm behaviors, and the retraumatization that many service members endure as a result of the distinctive characteristics of the military culture and its service to veterans. A case study with clinical interventions will be utilized to demonstrate this concept of “the trauma trifecta” and the unique challenges in treating the PTSD symptoms that can result from MST in clinical therapy. Drawing from multiple theories in clinical treatment, this paper illustrates the strengths and limitations of cognitive-behavioral techniques, highlights the integration of feminist theory to illustrate the obstacles of power structures, and mind–body interventions, bridging the gap between talk therapy and body therapy. Through this unique integration of multiple therapies, the case study illustrates the veteran’s reengagement with her body and the reformulation of her identity post MST. 相似文献
993.
994.
Mel Pollner regularly cautioned researchers not to argue with the members of settings under consideration. He warned against
substituting the researcher’s meaning for the meanings of those being studied. This article discusses facets of the caution
as they relate to the research process. Seemingly simple, the tenet is nuanced in application. The article adds to the nuance
by distinguishing what is called the “replacement” of meaning with the “displacement” of meaning, providing a way of understanding
what members could mean if the contexts and settings of their accounts were taken into consideration. 相似文献
995.
Many studies have documented significant differences in sexual desire between individuals of European and Chinese descent, but few have examined the mechanisms that underlie these differences. A recent study of university students found that sex guilt is one mechanism by which culture influences sexual desire among Chinese and Euro-Canadian women. The goal of this study was to examine whether sex guilt also mediates the relationship between ethnicity and sexual desire in a sample that is more representative of women in the general population. Euro-Canadian (n = 78; mean age = 42.1 years) and Chinese (n = 87; mean age = 42.8 years) women were recruited from the community. Euro-Canadian women reported greater sexual desire and less sex guilt. In the entire sample, sex guilt mediated the relationship between ethnicity and sexual desire such that the Chinese women reported greater sex guilt, which, in turn, was associated with lower sexual desire. Among the Chinese women, sex guilt mediated the relationship between mainstream acculturation (degree of Westernization) and sexual desire such that more Westernized Chinese women reported less sex guilt, which, in turn, was associated with greater sexual desire. These results support recent findings and further suggest that sex guilt may be one mechanism by which ethnicity affects sexual desire. 相似文献
996.
Schools, districts, and state-level educational organizations are experiencing a great shift in the way they do the business of education. This shift focuses on accountability, specifically through the expectation of the effective utilization of evaluative-focused efforts to guide and support decisions about educational program implementation. In as much, education leaders need specific guidance and training on how to plan, implement, and use evaluation to critically examine district and school-level initiatives. One specific effort intended to address this need is through the Capacity for Applying Project Evaluation (CAPE) framework. The CAPE framework is composed of three crucial components: a collection of evaluation resources; a professional development model; and a conceptual framework that guides the work to support evaluation planning and implementation in schools and districts. School and district teams serve as active participants in the professional development and ultimately as formative evaluators of their own school or district-level programs by working collaboratively with evaluation experts. The CAPE framework involves the school and district staff in planning and implementing their evaluation. They are the ones deciding what evaluation questions to ask, which instruments to use, what data to collect, and how and to whom results should be reported. Initially this work is done through careful scaffolding by evaluation experts, where supports are slowly pulled away as the educators gain experience and confidence in their knowledge and skills as evaluators. Since CAPE engages all stakeholders in all stages of the evaluation, the philosophical intentions of these efforts to build capacity for formative evaluation strictly aligns with the collaborative evaluation approach. 相似文献
997.
Jason M. Fletcher 《Journal of Labor Research》2012,33(1):49-75
In this paper, we use a longitudinal survey that has collected information for 50 years on a large cohort of Wisconsin high
school graduates and their siblings to examine the long term impact of early occupational choice on health status. We find
evidence that beginning a career in a blue collar occupation is correlated with several measures of poor health outcomes at
ages 50–65. Since our dataset includes usually unobserved pre-labor market characteristics, including IQ and childhood health
status, we can show that controlling for these variables is important for many results and suggests a high level of selection
into occupation based on health and ability. We also provide evidence of gender differentials in the association between first
occupation and later health. Then, we replace our basic measure of occupational categories with summary measures of job characteristics
and find that employment at “bad jobs” at the beginning of an individual’s career predicts later health outcomes. Finally,
we use sibling information in the dataset to show that unmeasured family background factors explain a large share of the effects
of occupation on later health. Overall, the evidence points to limited, though heterogeneous, long term effects of health
from blue collar employment. 相似文献
998.
Kandice Kapinos 《Journal of Labor Research》2012,33(1):91-103
In light of the recent concerns regarding the solvency of Social Security’s Old-Age, Survivors and Disability Insurance (OASDI),
private pensions may play an increasingly important role in retirement welfare of US retirees. However, the private pension
landscape has evolved in ways that may result in lower private pension wealth for retirees. One recent such phenomenon involves
the conversion of traditional defined benefit pension plans to cash balance plans, which results in lower pension benefits
for many workers. In this study, I investigated how characteristics of the firm’s workforce influenced whether the firm converted
their traditional pension plan to a cash balance plan and how these characteristics related to the firm’s pension plan policy
more generally. Using the Longitudinal Employer-Household Data and pension plan data from the Department of Labor/Internal
Revenue Service and the Pension Benefit Guaranty Corporation, I found little evidence of workforce age distribution effects
on the likelihood of DB plan conversion to a cash balance plan in the 1990s. More generally, I consistently found positive
associations between firms with older and more female workforces and defined contribution plans during the same time. 相似文献
999.
Elizabeth Popp Berman 《Theory and Society》2012,41(3):261-299
Organizational institutionalism has shown how institutional entrepreneurs can introduce new logics into fields and push for
their broader acceptance. In academic science in the United States, however, market logic gained strength without such an
entrepreneurial project. This article proposes an alternative “practice selection” model to explain how a new institutional
logic can gain strength when local innovations interact with changes outside the field. Actors within a field are always experimenting
with practices grounded in a variety of logics. When one logic is dominant, innovations based on alternative logics may have
trouble gaining the resources they need to become more broadly institutionalized. But if a changing environment starts systematically
to favor practices based on an alternative logic, that logic can become stronger even in the absence of a coherent project
to promote it. This is what happened in US academic science, as growing political concern with the economic impact of innovation
changed the field’s environment in ways that encouraged the spread of local market-logic practices. 相似文献
1000.
Elizabeth Bernstein 《Theory and Society》2012,41(3):233-259
This article draws upon recent works in sociology, jurisprudence, and feminist theory in order to assess the ways in which
feminism, and sex and gender more generally, have become intricately interwoven with punitive agendas in contemporary US politics.
Melding existing theoretical discussions of penal trends with insights drawn from my own ethnographic research on the contemporary
anti-trafficking movement in the United States—the most recent domain of feminist activism in which a crime frame has prevailed
against competing models of social justice—I elaborate upon the ways that neoliberalism and the politics of sex and gender
have intertwined to produce a carceral turn in feminist advocacy movements previously organized around struggles for economic
justice and liberation. Taking the anti-trafficking movement as a case study, I further demonstrate how human rights discourse
has become a key vehicle both for the transnationalization of carceral politics and for the reincorporation of these policies
into the domestic terrain in a benevolent, feminist guise. I conclude by urging greater and more nuanced attention to the
operations of gender and sexual politics within mainstream analyses of contemporary modes of punishment, as well as a careful
consideration of the neoliberal carceral state within feminist discussions of gender, sexuality, and the law. 相似文献