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101.
102.
Lucy Webb Nigel Cox Holly Cumbers Susanne Martikke Emma Gedzielewski Maryam Duale 《Journal of youth studies》2017,20(7):889-903
This study explored identity capital and personal resilience among care leavers and young people in care engaging in social activities through volunteering. Care leavers and young people in care are disadvantaged developmentally by lack of identity resources and an accelerated transition to independence. This study analysed material from semi-structured interviews to explore the Identity Capital Model and theories of individualisation, agentic identity development and resilience in explaining the identity resources of young people transitioning out of care. The analysis identified links between the exploration opportunities of volunteering with the development of agentic individualisation and enhanced identity capital. The findings indicate that developmental processes may be enhanced through supported and personalised volunteering opportunities to aid vulnerable young people transitioning out of care. Young people leaving care can make substantial gains particularly in social capital, personal resilience and identity capital. This study indicates that volunteering opportunities for this group of vulnerable young people may assist in compensating for the lack of resources often experienced by care leavers when transitioning to adulthood. 相似文献
103.
Augmenting Bowen Family of Origin Work: Using the Genogram and Therapeutic Art‐based Activity
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Emma Gatfield 《Australian and New Zealand Journal of Family Therapy》2017,38(2):272-282
This article explores the use of creative artistic activity and metaphor to augment Bowen family of origin work. It draws on the case study of a couple engaging in premarital counselling to illustrate several ways that art making can be used to enhance Bowen systemic processes. It illustrates the value of collaborative genograms and related creative products to offer a supplementary voice for salient, verbally inexpressible content while supporting clients in externalising and processing difficult emotions with reduced reactivity. 相似文献
104.
Risk,resilience and identity construction in the life narratives of young people leaving residential care
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The role of residential care for children has developed very differently internationally, but in all cultural contexts, there are questions about the extent to which it can help young people recover from high risk backgrounds. In the UK, residential care has come to be seen as the placement of last resort, yet new government guidance on permanence has suggested that residential care can provide security and a sense of belonging. Narrative analysis of interviews with 20 care leavers identified their different pathways from birth families through residential care to early adulthood. Some experienced a transformation from a negative sense of self as victims or ‘bad children’ to survivors, while others continued to struggle. Key to successful turning points were four interacting factors, all associated with resilience; connection, agency, activity and coherence. These narratives revealed the importance of nurturing relationships and a sense of ‘family’, and also the role of support after leaving residential care, when transitions workers helped them to move on but stay connected. The study highlighted how residential care leavers from adverse backgrounds attribute very different meanings to their experiences, which affects identity construction, resilience and the need for support. 相似文献
105.
Emma Pleasant 《The British journal of sociology》2019,70(5):2116-2132
In the seemingly routine and the everyday, lie layers of cultural and social symbolism. So it is with dirt. This article examines the social and cultural roles of dirt within socialization practices in working‐class industrial and ex‐industrial communities. Drawn from oral history accounts with 46 former and current engineering apprentices, the discussion demonstrates dirt as a concept and a practicality, and how the idea of ‘getting dirty’ provided a cultural imagery used to renegotiate moral boundaries that devalue working class, masculine experiences and identities. Building on from the work of Skeggs (1997, 2004, 2011), it demonstrates the lived experience of value within the industrial workplace past and present. Through dirt, the role of cultural artefacts and iconography within working‐class experience and workplace training is explored. Additionally, the role of a cultural icon like dirt in the intergenerational dialogues of workplace communities is given new attention. In doing so the article argues that while after decades of underinvestment in apprenticeships as a model for training in the UK, a recent resurgence in interest can go some way in overcoming the long‐term effects of the loss of large‐scale industrial work. However, the cultures of work attached to the apprenticeships of the past are, within deindustrialization, much more complicated to develop or recreate. 相似文献
106.
Karen May Barry Megan Woods Angela Martin Christine Stirling Emma Warnecke 《Journal of American college health : J of ACH》2019,67(4):299-307
Objectives: To examine the impact of guided mindfulness practice on psychological distress and psychological capital (hope, optimism, resilience, and efficacy) in doctoral candidates. Participants: Recruitment of a convenience sample of doctoral candidates occurred in July 2015 and participants were randomly allocated to the control or intervention group (38 and 34 participants completed the trial, respectively). Methods: A single-blinded, randomized controlled trial with intention-to-treat analysis was conducted. The intervention consisted of a daily guided mindfulness practice, using an audio CD. Indicators of psychological distress and psychological capital were measured pre- and post-trial with validated questionnaires. Results: Compared to the control group, the intervention group reported a statistically significantly reduction in depression (p?=?.045) and increased self-efficacy (p?=?.004), hope (p?=?.000), and resilience (p?=?.011). Conclusions: These results highlight the effectiveness of self-administered mindfulness practice on the psychological health of doctoral candidates, and the positive effect on psychological capital is reported as a key finding. 相似文献
107.
108.
Michael J. White Salut Muhidin Catherine Andrzejewski Eva Tagoe Rodney Knight Holly Reed 《Demography》2008,45(4):803-816
In this article, we undertake an event-history analysis of fertility in Ghana. We exploit detailed life history calendar data
to conduct a more refined and definitive analysis of the relationship among personal traits, urban residence, and fertility.
Although urbanization is generally associated with lower fertility in developing countries, inferences in most studies have
been hampered by a lack of information about the timing of residence in relationship to childbearing. We find that the effect
of urbanization itself is strong, evident, and complex, and persists after we control for the effects of age, cohort, union
status, and education. Our discrete-time event-history analysis shows that urban women exhibit fertility rates that are, on
average, 11% lower than those of rural women, but the effects vary by parity. Differences in urban population traits would
augment the effects of urban adaptation itself. Extensions of the analysis point to the operation of a selection effect in
rural-to-urban mobility but provide limited evidence for disruption effects. The possibility of further selection of urbanward
migrants on unmeasured traits remains. The analysis also demonstrates the utility of an annual life history calendar for collecting
such data in the field. 相似文献
109.
The threat of so‐called rapid or abrupt climate change has generated considerable public interest because of its potentially significant impacts. The collapse of the North Atlantic Thermohaline Circulation or the West Antarctic Ice Sheet, for example, would have potentially catastrophic effects on temperatures and sea level, respectively. But how likely are such extreme climatic changes? Is it possible actually to estimate likelihoods? This article reviews the societal demand for the likelihoods of rapid or abrupt climate change, and different methods for estimating likelihoods: past experience, model simulation, or through the elicitation of expert judgments. The article describes a survey to estimate the likelihoods of two characterizations of rapid climate change, and explores the issues associated with such surveys and the value of information produced. The surveys were based on key scientists chosen for their expertise in the climate science of abrupt climate change. Most survey respondents ascribed low likelihoods to rapid climate change, due either to the collapse of the Thermohaline Circulation or increased positive feedbacks. In each case one assessment was an order of magnitude higher than the others. We explore a high rate of refusal to participate in this expert survey: many scientists prefer to rely on output from future climate model simulations. 相似文献
110.
Emma Uprichard 《Children & Society》2008,22(4):303-313
Notions of ‘being’ and ‘becoming’ are intrinsic to childhood research. Whilst the ‘being’ child is seen as a social actor actively constructing ‘childhood’, the ‘becoming’ child is seen as an ‘adult in the making’, lacking competencies of the ‘adult’ that he or she will ‘become’. However, I argue that both approaches are in themselves problematic. Instead, theorising children as ‘being and becomings’ not only addresses the temporality of childhood that children themselves voice, but presents a conceptually realistic construction suitable to both childhood researchers and practitioners. 相似文献