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281.
This multiple-case study explored women's relational experiences as attachment injury patterns in distressed stepcouple relationships and how these experiences might be attributable to stepcouple status. The first author interviewed five stepmothers with biological children, using open-ended interview questions developed from attachment theory and existing research regarding attachment injury and stepfamily formation. Data analysis using the pattern-matching method derived and explored markers of attachment injury in the women's stepcouple relationships. The four categories of attachment injury showed significant attribution to stepfamily issues. This supports past stepfamily research suggesting that stepcouples face unique challenges. Further, these findings suggest that the language of attachment injury accurately describes stepcouples' problems and the usefulness of conceptualizing and addressing these problems in an attachment injury framework. 相似文献
282.
This article focuses on the Urban Area Security Initiative (UASI) controversy as a case study in the politics of risk assessment.
It examines struggles among diverse actors–think tank experts, journalists, politicians, and government officials–engaged
in the contentious process of establishing a legitimate definition of risk. In the field of homeland security, the means of
conducting rational risk assessment have not yet been settled, and entrepreneurial officials from urban and regional governments
use different techniques to identify local risks and vulnerabilities. In this contentious process, federal bureaucrats are
responsible for determining how to allocate resources fairly and rationally to different cities and metropolitan regions,
given that local officials have clear incentives to request funds and little cause to refrain. Although “rationality” is supposed
to replace “politics” in making bureaucratic decisions over the allocation of resources, what we find instead is a political
struggle over how to define, measure, and manage risk. For political actors, victory in debates over urban security comes
from codifying one’s interests within the technical practice of risk assessment. 相似文献
283.
Wei Zhang Haifeng Li Shigenori Ishida Eric Park 《Journal of Family and Economic Issues》2010,31(3):280-296
This paper provides a systematic assessment of China’s non-governmental microcredit practice. Based on survey results and
existing key reports, this paper reviews the evolution and current situation, discusses the policy and legal framework, assesses
the poverty outreach and social impact, and extracts the problems and challenges. This paper concludes with presenting some
potential initiatives to address the key restrictive issues for sustainable development of the non-governmental microcredit
sector. 相似文献
284.
Chadi Riman Husam Ghusn Eric Monacelli 《European review of aging and physical activity》2010,7(2):117-125
In this work, a simplified interface system for education of people with disabilities is presented. This platform allows the
control of different tools (PC games, robot, and electric wheelchair) using different interfaces (mouse, joysticks, etc.).
This interface system can be automatically reconfigured to match user’s ability, and it is operated locally or remotely through
the internet. Saving of experimental progress data for later analysis can be done. Quantitative indicators are defined for
evaluation purposes and to determine the needed assistance and adaptation. The system is tested on different age groups for
people without physical disability. Results are presented and discussed. 相似文献
285.
286.
On the surface, baseball cards appear to be little more than uninteresting object of child's play; yet they provide invaluable data for assessing unique aspects of the social order. They reveal much about the state of society when they were produced and the people who collected them. This paper examines the unique numbering system the Topps company developed to differentiate among the “royalty of the diamond” from 1956 to 1980. Their system assigned to each card in a set a number that explicitly designated its placement, while implicitly establishing a hierarchical ordering among the players, ostensibly based on performance. It is arguable whether the numbering system Topps developed was based on performance or the ascribed characteristic of race. The results of our work suggest that player performance, not race, was the primary factor in the assignment of “prestigious” card numbers in Topps’ system. 相似文献
287.
Eric Anderson 《Sociological Forum》2008,23(2):257-280
This article explores the cultural and structural forces that help influence the reproduction of sexist, misogynistic, and antifeminine attitudes among men in team sports. It first shows how the segregation of men into a homosocial environment limits their social contact with women and fosters an oppositional masculinity that influences the reproduction of orthodox views regarding women. However, this research also shows that when these same men compete in the gender-integrated sport of cheerleading, they positively reformulate their attitudes toward women. These findings therefore suggest that gender-integrating sports might potentially decrease some of the socionegative outcomes attributed to male team sport athletes, possibly including violence against women. 相似文献
288.
This study addresses two questions. First, among the three major perspectives on integration (i.e., zero‐sum, pluralist, and selective integration) suggested in the literature, which is the dominant pattern of the participation level in informal social activities in the ethnic community and in the wider society among new immigrant groups? Second, how well do the factors suggested by these three perspectives explain these patterns? Based on recently collected data about Chinese immigrants in Toronto, Canada, the analyses suggest that nearly half the respondents claim a low level of social participation. Among those who do participate, the pluralist integration pattern is the dominant pattern of participation in informal social activities among today's Chinese immigrants. Though the analysis shows the consistent effect of human capital resources on the pluralist integration patterns, there is no significant effect of either human capital resources or duration in the country on the zero‐sum and selective patterns. Implications of the results are discussed. 相似文献
289.
Goldschmidt-Clermont PJ Peterson ED 《Science of aging knowledge environment : SAGE KE》2003,2003(45):re8
The elderly are particularly susceptible to disease, yet the biological mechanisms that bring about this susceptibility remain unclear. Using atherosclerosis as a model chronic illness, we review how recent studies of bone marrow-derived vascular repair systems in mice and humans provide new insights into the causes and potential cures for age-related illness. Organisms are born with a finite capacity for stem cell-mediated repair after chronic exposure to tissue injury. Once that capacity is exhausted, a cycle of pathological inflammation ensues and leads to overt disease manifestations. Augmentation of stem cell-mediated repair systems may provide a novel means of treating or preventing many age-related illnesses. 相似文献
290.
Family size is an important determinant of family well-being, and it is a good predictor of poverty. This study examines effects of waiving the 100-hour rule, by family size, and distinguishes between the "work-incentive effects" and the "eligibility effects" of the waiver. The 100-hour rule limits eligibility to aid to two-parent families in which the principal earner is unemployed or underemployed (works fewer than 100 hours per month). The study uses data from the Link-Up randomized experiment, conducted in California's Central Valley, from 1992 to 1994. The findings show that the eligibility effect of the waiver does not differ by family size, but the work-incentive effect does. 相似文献