Actualization of Social Cognitions into Aggressive Behavior toward Disliked Targets

The basic premise that social cognitions guide behavior (aggression) was evaluated within relationships marked by dislike. At Time 1, a disliked target was identified for each participant (195 fifth‐grade children; 109 boys; 11–12 years old at Time 1) who then responded to questions about different aggression‐supporting social cognitions with regard to the chosen target. In addition, aggression directed at the identified peer (from the disliked child's perspective) was measured twice over a one‐year interval. Our results show that aggressogenic thought predicts increases in aggression only when the target is chronically disliked. Moreover, within chronically disliked relationships, the actualization of aggressogenic thought is maximized when children have high initial levels of reactive (in the case of hostile attributions) and proactive aggression (in the case of self‐efficacy beliefs), and when targets are initially high on reactive aggression. These findings suggest that social cognitions, assessed within a specific relationship context, can have more predictive validity than traditionally used decontextualized measures.     

Exponential class of dynamic binary choice panel data models with fixed effects

ABSTRACT

This paper proposes an exponential class of dynamic binary choice panel data models for the analysis of short T (time dimension) large N (cross section dimension) panel data sets that allow for unobserved heterogeneity (fixed effects) to be arbitrarily correlated with the covariates. The paper derives moment conditions that are invariant to the fixed effects which are then used to identify and estimate the parameters of the model. Accordingly, generalized method of moments (GMM) estimators are proposed that are consistent and asymptotically normally distributed at the root-N rate. We also study the conditional likelihood approach and show that under exponential specification, it can identify the effect of state dependence but not the effects of other covariates. Monte Carlo experiments show satisfactory finite sample performance for the proposed estimators and investigate their robustness to misspecification.     

A class of Box-Cox transformation models for recurrent event data

In this article, we propose a class of Box-Cox transformation models for recurrent event data, which includes the proportional means models as special cases. The new model offers great flexibility in formulating the effects of covariates on the mean functions of counting processes while leaving the stochastic structure completely unspecified. For the inference on the proposed models, we apply a profile pseudo-partial likelihood method to estimate the model parameters via estimating equation approaches and establish large sample properties of the estimators and examine its performance in moderate-sized samples through simulation studies. In addition, some graphical and numerical procedures are presented for model checking. An example of application on a set of multiple-infection data taken from a clinic study on chronic granulomatous disease (CGD) is also illustrated.     

专业性别隔离的产生过程及其影响因素

目前在教育领域中仍然存在着性别不平等，专业性别隔离就是其表现之一。运用定量研究，证实专业性别隔离的存在，并把中等教育和高等教育连接，从教育过程中探究专业性别隔离的产生和强化，从家庭、学校及专业环境考察影响因素，提出消除关于专业的性别刻板印象及鼓励女生在专业和职业发展的具体建议，为以后进行更为深入的分析提供探索性研究。     

地震救灾的健康管理:国际经验及启示

为克服中越冲地震带来的灾民健康恶化、疾病流行等危机，日本采取了医疗救助、心理干预、音乐演出以及高龄老人康复等大量措施，取得了较好的成效。其健康管理经验为中国抗震救灾提供了有益的借鉴，具体表现为：及时提供医疗救护及疾病预防；积极地进行心理危机干预；开展健康需求调查；营造平安、健康的避难环境。     

理学迷信与人的现代化

作为传统道德文化主干的程朱理学，在中国封建社会后期，成为人性解放的桎梏。在需要大批高素质现代化建设人才的今天，必须高举科学与民主的大旗，反对封建迷信，抛弃理学传统负面影响，解放思想更新观念，建立符合时代精神的新的道德文化体系。     

奶制品消费影响因素的路径分析——基于新疆城镇居民的问卷调查

依据2008年新疆城镇居民奶制品消费状况的问卷调查数据,采用路径分析模型对奶制品消费的影响因素进行了分析,表明收入水平、消费习惯对奶制品消费有显著的正向影响,性别、年龄、民族、职业、文化程度、家庭规模等人口特征对奶制品消费都有一定影响。提出要加强宣传引导,普及奶类营养知识,培养居民的乳品消费习惯,特别注重培养青少年消费群体,不断提高居民的收入水平和奶制品消费倾向。鼓励企业开发差别化、不同价位、具有地方特色的新型乳制品,满足不同群体的消费需求,完善乳制品物流配送体系,大力开拓中小城市和县（镇）消费市场。     

跨国公司的教育功能浅析——以壳牌公司为例

跨国公司作为从事全球化经营的巨型企业，不仅是一个巨大的资源与业务的集合，而且伴随着其生存和发展环境的变迁，其教育功能越来越突出。跨国公司的教育功能一般反映在人们广泛关注的一些社会问题，主要包括企业教育自我、教育公众、教育政府等方面。石油巨头——壳牌公司在应对全球气候变暖这一广泛关注的社会问题中所采取的教育行动，表现了跨国公司在资源、动机和责任方面发挥教育功能的独特优势，显示了其教育活动的多层面的社会影响力，具有典型意义。     

建立科研成果和学术论著的学术价值评判体系

职称评审工作与年度考核工作的改革在不断深化，它呼唤科研成果和学术论著的评估在科学、合理、透明和可操作性强的基础上建立精确的学术价值评判体系，并最终实现这两项工作的科学的动态管理