Richard E. Kopelman 《Global Business and Organizational Excellence》2003,23(1):37-42

Rather than making major training investments in sophisticated methodologies, some organizations may find that the five basic concepts embodied in the GMFAC framework are all they need to lay the foundation for continuous, sustainable improvement. For members of a New York City hospital, learning the GMFAC principles in the context of solving an actual operational problem led to visible, measurable improvements in quality and the confidence to tackle even bigger problems. © 2003 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.  相似文献   

    

Karl Fischer  Steven E. Gross  Helen M. Friedman 《Global Business and Organizational Excellence》2003,22(2):19-24

Using a massive, five‐year database of its own employment history, Marriott found that the cost of certain rewards was offset by lower turnover. And so it took a comprehensive look at its entire rewards program to align compensation and benefits with its associates' needs; improve attraction and retention; enhance productivity; and increase its return on the billions of dollars it invests annually in people. It did this while demonstrating the bottom‐line impact of the resultant strategy. © 2003 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.  相似文献   

    

Sheryl E. Kimes  Gary M. Thompson 《决策科学》2004,35(3):371-392

Revenue management has been used in a variety of industries and generally takes the form of managing demand by manipulating length of customer usage and price. Supply mix is rarely considered, although it can have considerable impact on revenue. In this research, we focused on developing an optimal supply mix, specifically on determining the supply mix that would maximize revenue. We used data from a Chevys restaurant, part of a large chain of Mexican restaurants, in conjunction with a simulation model to evaluate and enumerate all possible supply (table) mixes. Compared to the restaurant's existing table mix, the optimal mix is capable of handling a 30% increase in customer volume without increasing waiting times beyond their original levels. While our study was in a restaurant context, the results of this research are applicable to other service businesses.  相似文献   

    

Fred F. Easton  Madeleine E. Pullman 《决策科学》2001,32(2):251-276

Service designers predict market share and sales for their new designs by estimating consumer utilities. The service's technical features (for example, overnight parcel delivery), its price, and the nature of consumer interactions with the service delivery system influence those utilities. Price and the service's technical features are usually quite objective and readily ascertained by the consumer. However, consumer perceptions about their interactions with the service delivery system are usually far more subjective. Furthermore, service designers can only hope to influence those perceptions indirectly through their decisions about nonlinear processes such as employee recruiting, training, and scheduling policies. Like the service's technical features, these process choices affect quality perceptions, market share, revenues, costs, and profits. We propose a heuristic for the NP‐hard service design problem that integrates realistic service delivery cost models with conjoint analysis. The resulting seller's utility function links expected profits to the intensity of a service's influential attributes and also reveals an ideal setting or level for each service attribute. In tests with simulated service design problems, our proposed configurations compare quite favorably with the designs suggested by other normative service design heuristics.  相似文献   

    

E. Powell Robinson  Funda Sahin 《决策科学》2001,32(3):423-452

Traditional approaches for modeling economic production lot‐sizing problems assume that a single, fixed equipment setup cost is incurred each time a product is run, regardless of the quantity manufactured. This permits multiple days of production from one production setup. In this paper, we extend the model to consider additional fixed charges, such as cleanup or inspection costs, that are associated with each time period's production. This manufacturing cost structure is common in the food, chemical, and pharmaceutical industries, where process equipment must be sanitized between item changeovers and at the end of each day's production. We propose two mathematical problem formulations and optimization algorithms. The models' unique features include regular time production constraints, a fixed charge for each time period's production, and the availability of overtime production capacity. Experimental results indicate the conditions under which our algorithms' performance is superior to traditional approaches. We also test the procedures on a set of lot‐sizing problems facing a national food processor and document their potential economic benefit.  相似文献   

    

Terry Anthony Byrd  Douglas E. Turner 《决策科学》2001,32(1):21-54

Determining and assessing the requisite skills of information technology (IT) personnel have become critical as the value of IT has risen in modern organizations. In addition to technical skills traditionally expected of IT personnel, softer skills like managerial, business, and interpersonal skills have been increasingly cited in previous studies as mandatory for these employees. This paper uses a typology of IT personnel skills—technology management skills, business functional skills, interpersonal skills, and technical skills—and investigates their relationships to two information systems (IS) success variables, IS infrastructure flexibility and the competitive advantage provided by IS. The study investigates these relationships using the perceptions of chief information officers (CIOs) from mostly Fortune 2000 companies. The contributions of this study are: IT personnel skills do affect IS success, technical skills are viewed as the most important skill set in affecting IS infrastructure flexibility and competitive advantage, and modularity is viewed as more valuable to competitive advantage than integration. Several explanations are offered for the lack of positive relationships between the softer IT personnel skills and the dimensions of IS success used in this study.  相似文献   

    

Aaron S. Edlin  Benjamin E. Hermalin 《Econometrica : journal of the Econometric Society》2001,69(5):1391-1395

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Adrian M. Chandler  E. John W. Jones  & Minoo H. Patel 《Risk analysis》2001,21(2):235-250

This article describes the development of a generic loss assessment methodology, which is applicable to earthquake and windstorm perils worldwide. The latest information regarding hazard estimation is first integrated with the parameters that best describe the intensity of the action of both windstorms and earthquakes on building structures, for events with defined average return periods or recurrence intervals. The subsequent evaluation of building vulnerability (damageability) under the action of both earthquake and windstorm loadings utilizes information on damage and loss from past events, along with an assessment of the key building properties (including age and quality of design and construction), to assess information about the ability of buildings to withstand such loadings and hence to assign a building type to the particular risk or portfolio of risks. This predicted damage information is then translated into risk-specific mathematical vulnerability functions, which enable numerical evaluation of the probability of building damage arising at various defined levels. By assigning cost factors to the defined damage levels, the associated computation of total loss at a given level of hazard may be achieved. This developed methodology is universal in the sense that it may be applied successfully to buildings situated in a variety of earthquake and windstorm environments, ranging from very low to extreme levels of hazard. As a loss prediction tool, it enables accurate estimation of losses from potential scenario events linked to defined return periods and, hence, can greatly assist risk assessment and planning.  相似文献   

    

Roger E. Herman  Joyce L. Gioia‐Herman 《Global Business and Organizational Excellence》2001,20(3):35-40

Most companies are suffering from staffing difficulties, increasing the importance of employee retention. Creative approaches are giving many employers a competitive edge in the war for talent. Examples of the strategies of enlightened employers offer models to follow and may stimulate some refreshing ideas. © 2001 John Wiley & Sons, Inc.  相似文献   

    

L. C. Harris  E. Ogbonna 《英国管理杂志》2002,13(1):31-49

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