失业与就业:一个世界性的难题

在世界经济日益一体化的今天,综观全球,人们会惊奇地发现,失业———这一伴随资本主义生产方式和市场经济的产生而出现的社会现象,已经成为一个困扰许多国家经济和社会发展的严重问题。从西欧到东欧,从北美到南美,从发达国家到发展中国家,失业与就业成为人们关注的焦点,“创造就业机会”、“制定反失业对策”成为各国经济政策的首要目标。可以毫不夸张地说,当今世界几乎所有的国家,都不得不面对失业与就业这一世界性的难题。本文试图从宏观的角度,对世界各国不同类型的失业,以及主要资本主义国家治理失业与贫困问题的社会政策,进行分析与考察,从中总结出一些带有普遍性规律性的问题,为我国实施再就业工程提供决策思路和有益借鉴     

环境与发展--论发达国家与发展中国家之间的公平

环境与发展问题关系到人类的生存和发展,是当代国际社会面临的重大课题。但正是在这一问题上,发展中国家与发达国家的立场存在着根本的分歧。本文通过论述保护环境的重要性和发展经济的必要性,以代际公平和代内公平理论为基础,展示了目前发展中国家和发达国家在环境与发展问题上不可调和的矛盾。     

论法律职业化的伦理精神

法律职业伦理精神在法律职业化进程中具有重大功能和作用,进而深刻地影响着法治现代化和司法现代化进程.关注人性的伦理精神,即尊重公民权利和限制国家权力,是法律职业化的逻辑起点;正义是社会体制的第一美德,崇尚正义的伦理精神构成了法律职业化的价值基础;法治是迄今为止人类治理国家和社会的最好模式,忠于法律的伦理精神是法律职业化的直接动力;珍视荣誉的伦理精神从内部维系着法律职业共同体并保证共同体的社会地位和声誉,是法律职业化的内在源泉.     

Quantitative Risk Assessment of Listeria monocytogenes in French Cold-Smoked Salmon: II. Risk Characterization

A model for the assessment of exposure to Listeria monocytogenes from cold-smoked salmon consumption in France was presented in the first of this pair of articles (Pouillot et al ., 2007, Risk Analysis, 27:683–700). In the present study, the exposure model output was combined with an internationally accepted hazard characterization model, adapted to the French situation, to assess the risk of invasive listeriosis from cold-smoked salmon consumption in France in a second-order Monte Carlo simulation framework. The annual number of cases of invasive listeriosis due to cold-smoked salmon consumption in France is estimated to be 307, with a very large credible interval ([10; 12,453]), reflecting data uncertainty. This uncertainty is mainly associated with the dose-response model. Despite the significant uncertainty associated with the predictions, this model provides a scientific base for risk managers and food business operators to manage the risk linked to cold-smoked salmon contaminated with L. monocytogenes. Under the modeling assumptions, risk would be efficiently reduced through a decrease in the prevalence of L. monocytogenes or better control of the last steps of the cold chain (shorter and/or colder storage during the consumer step), whereas reduction of the initial contamination levels of the contaminated products and improvement in the first steps of the cold chain do not seem to be promising strategies. An attempt to apply the recent risk-based concept of FSO (food safety objective) on this example underlines the ambiguity in practical implementation of the risk management metrics and the need for further elaboration on these concepts.     

构建我国错案责任追究制度的立论基础

权力制约理论是错案责任追究制度近代化、理性化的科学依据 ,也是构建我国错案责任追究制度的理论基础。我国文化传统的惯性和特殊的社会结构是构建我国错案责任追制度的现实基础 ;实体正义与程序正义并重则是我们构建这一制度的价值基础     

意向性建构原理与读者理论

现象学哲学的“意向性建构”原理的实质意义给与 :主体建构对象就是给与对象意义。这是讲求读者建构 (再创造 )文本意义一路文学理论的哲学基础     

工程师职业视角下的工程技术人才培养改革探索——以重庆文理学院为例

工科院校是工程师的摇篮,高等工程教育重在为社会培养优秀工程技术人才。通过分析当前我国高等工程教育改革的背景、存在的主要问题与不足、国际高等工程教育的发展历程与经验等,探索基于工程师职业视角的以工程能力和工程师职业素养为导向的工程技术人才培养模式与路径,从而培养学生具备基础扎实、思想朴实、为人诚实、工作踏实等品行,培养学生具备面向未来的思考能力、面向需求的学习能力、面向实际的动手能力、面向问题的分析能力、面向工程的设计能力、面向工作的交流能力、面向社会的适应能力等工程素质。     

民主化的基础性条件之分析

今天,民主已成为普适的价值,但并不意味着民主化的过程已经终结,很多非民主国家仍然面临着转型。民主化只有在某些条件成熟的情况下才有可能发生,通过对经济发展、政治文化、外部力量、反对运动、精英互动、领袖推动等民主化的基础性条件的分析,可以更好地理解它们与民主化之间的关系。     

The effects of internal resources and partnership quality on firm performance: An examination of Indian BPO providers

Firms from developed nations are increasingly resorting to business process outsourcing (BPO) as part of their global sourcing strategy. Although BPO is a growing practice, there has been limited empirical attention in understanding the phenomenon, particularly from the perspective of provider firms that execute important business processes for their overseas clients. In this paper we focus on the resources and capabilities that are utilized by the providers in fulfilling their clients' sourcing needs. Using resource-based view and social exchange as theoretical foundations, we argue that providers' human capital, organizational capital, management capability, and partnership quality are crucial assets that are deemed valuable by the clients and are utilized by the providers in attaining higher performance. Using a sample of Indian BPO providers, we empirically test three models (direct, mediating and moderating) to understand how these assets impact firm-level performance. Results show that resources and capabilities relate to performance in varying measures and partnership quality has partial-mediating and moderating effects on these relationships. We conclude by discussing the theoretical and practical implications of the study and highlighting avenues of future inquiry.     

VC++中基于ODBC的数据库访问技术研究

ODBC是一个允许应用程序连接外部数据库服务器和文件、并执行查询操作的标准协议。应用程序只需要相同的ODBC源代码就可以访问不同的数据库管理系统。VC++提供了多种方法使用ODBC,比如ATL和MFC类库。对Windows2000环境下VisualC++6.0中MFC类库的ODBC数据库访问技术进行探讨。