一个孩子的价格

我坐在爸爸妈妈卧室里的箱子上，听他们不经意地谈起有关预算和薪水方面的问题。我这个6岁孩童得出了自己的结论，那就是我们家是很贫穷的。     

Psychosocial versus biomedical risk factors in Kevorkian's first forty-seven physician-assisted deaths

This article examines biomedical and psychosocial data on the first forty-seven cases of physician-assisted suicide (PAS) of Kevorkian as collected by means of both a physical autopsy and a preliminary psychological autopsy. The following patterns emerge: 1) The physical condition of these PAS patients was not typical of the conditions that lead to death in the United States. 2) Consistent with the above findings, our pilot data indicate that only 31.1 percent of these patients were terminal. While 73.9 percent were described as reporting pain, only 42.6 percent were revealed at autopsy to have a specific anatomical basis for their pain. However 36 percent were described as depressed, 66 percent as having some disability, and perhaps of key importance, 90 percent expressed a fear of dependency. Most important, our pilot data suggest the possibility of large gender differences, since 3) 68.1 percent of these forty-seven PAS's are women and only 31.9 percent are men. This represents the reverse of the gender pattern for completed suicides in the United States in 1995, resembling instead the approximate pattern for unsuccessful suicide attempts. 4) Approximately 75 percent of both men and women in the above sample were described as reporting pain. Men were almost twice as likely to have had an anatomical basis for the pain and three times as likely to be terminal. Our pilot data indicate PAS women are more likely to be described as depressed and twice as likely to have had a history of previous unsuccessful suicide attempts. 5) Kevorkian's patients were older than the typical unaided suicides in America. Reported pain decreases with age as does depression; however anatomical basis for pain increases slightly with age, and no age effect emerges for terminality. 6) Approximately two-thirds of those physician-assisted suicides were at middle SES levels. History of disability was the biggest risk factor for the low SES patients and fear of dependency for the high SES patients.     

对大学英语教学定位的思考

文章就大学英语教学现状,对大学英语教学定位的思考及大学英语教学改革的问题阐述了一些看法,供大家讨论.     

澳大利亚土著人

土著人的起源土著人是澳大利亚的本土居民。尽管人们普遍认为土著人是从东南亚经印度尼西亚到达澳大利亚的,但是,他们的血统仍然难以确定。在印度南部、马来西亚、特别是在新几内亚的某些地区,科学家发现了澳大利亚土著人种。     

可持续发展与新兴工业化地区经济增长

可持续发展作为将关心环境的关心发展结合起来的政策目标已得到了广泛传播，南方低消费国家的代表们很久以来一直对现有经济发展的地理分布是否合理表示怀疑，并且要求以某种形式重新分配资产，收入和市场，以便使问题得到公平的处理，而北方高消费国家的代表们则一直在抵制这种压力，在增长乏力，失业状况加剧，贸易极不平衡，债务与日俱增以及国际贸易关系冲突不断的情况下，从政治上说，几乎不可能认真考虑在国际上进行再分配的问题，现在，环境主义者争辩说，高消费国家物质消费所达到的水平，从生物物理学的角度看，是无法忍受的，而且不能进一步扩散，否则就有可能引起灾难性的后果。     

Use of maternal health services in rural China

We use data from the nationally representative 1997 Demographic and Reproductive Health Survey to examine use of maternity services in rural China. The data indicate that roughly 60 per cent of women had at least one prenatal visit, while 40 per cent had a professionally assisted birth over the period 1988-97. Despite China's shift from a more socialist to a more privatized health care system, use of maternity services increased over this period. These increases are consistent with the push toward integration of reproductive health into family planning that emerged after the 1994 International Conference on Population and Development and the 1995 Fourth World Women's Conference held in Beijing. At the same time, we find indirect evidence that the target-based population policy may well have exerted downward pressure on use of maternity services; differences by parity are marked and multilevel models predicting use of maternity services indicate underdispersion at the individual level.     

Trajectories of Gambling During Adolescence

This study aimed at empirically identifying groups of adolescents with distinct longitudinal trajectories of gambling involvement and validating these groups by comparing them with respect to correlates. 903 low SES boys were followed annually from age 11 to 16 years. Three groups were found: an early-onset high-level chronic group, a late-onset high-level group, and a low gambler group. The Chronic group and the Low group consistently differed on teacher-rated inhibition (i.e., anxiety) during childhood and early adolescence. They also differed on concurrent teacher and self ratings of disinhibition (i.e., impulsivity), while the Late Onset group appeared to lie in between these groups. Compared to the Low group, both high groups subsequently had elevated scores on later gambling related problems.     

英国科学哲学会第八届年会

英国科学哲学会第八届年会于1963年9月20～22日在牛津大学圣休学院(St.Hugh(?) College)举行。年会由四次座谈会组成,参加者约有六十位会员和来宾。这四次座谈会讨论:“生物成长过程的模型”,“经济学中的先验与经验”,“经济学中的价值判断”,和“数理逻辑与科学哲学的关系”。     

Empathy, intimacy, loneliness and locus of control in child sex offenders: a comparison between familial and non-familial child sexual offenders

There has been relatively little previous research examining differences between subgroups of child sex offenders. In this study, we compared a group of familial and non-familial child sex offenders attending a community based treatment program on a number of relationship dimensions thought to be important in explaining offending. No statistically significant differences were found between these groups on measures of general empathy, intimacy and loneliness, although non-familial offenders were found to have higher levels of cognitive empathy and a more internal locus of control than familial offenders. These findings are discussed in terms of their possible implications for service delivery.     

Titin--springing back to youth?

Mutations in the muscle protein titin have been linked to dilated cardiomyopathy, a condition in which the heart chambers are enlarged and blood is ineffectively pumped, in humans and in animal models. This protein, which is a component of sarcomeres, provides essential scaffolding for other muscle proteins and acts as a spring to confer passive elasticity on the cardiomyocyte. Several titin isoforms exist, and they display varying size and degrees of elasticity. We review two interesting reports that show how variations in titin isoforms might be implicated in cardiac failure.