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991.
Paul F. Dell 《Journal of marital and family therapy》1984,10(4):351-356
The thesis of “Beyond Homeostasis” is (a) that the discourse of family therapists unquestionably shows that family therapists have tended to see homeostasis as a trait of families; and (b) that such a view of homeostasis is inconsistent with the systemic paradigm. Therefore, family therapy should go beyond such an understanding of homeostasis. Ariel et al. may have failed to grasp this argument; they have certainly chosen to ignore it. Ariel et al. have provided a logical empiricist explication of the nonsystemic version of homeostasis which is portrayed in the discourse of family therapists. I still argue that family therapy should go beyond such an understanding of homeostasis. 相似文献
992.
For a moderate or large number of regression coefficients, shrinkage estimates towards an overall mean are obtained by Bayes and empirical Bayes methods. For a special case, the Bayes and empirical Bayes shrinking weights are shown to be asymptotically equivalent as the amount of shrinkage goes to zero. Based on comparisons between Bayes and empirical Bayes solutions, a modification of the empirical Bayes shrinking weights designed to guard against unreasonable overshrinking is suggested. A numerical example is given. 相似文献
993.
Robert F. Stahmann 《Journal of marital and family therapy》1977,3(3):91-94
Luthman, S. G., & Kirschenbaum, M. The Dynamic Family .
Stapleton, J., & Bright, R. Equal Marriage . 相似文献
Stapleton, J., & Bright, R. Equal Marriage . 相似文献
994.
995.
Abstract The Bills of Mortality for London were instituted at least as early as 1528 but only a few figures survive before the extant annual series that begins in 1603. Ages at death, even in broad groups of ages, are not generally available until 1728, which is more than 50 years too late to give us any inkling of the ages, if any, at which people were specially susceptible to plague. There are reports, it is true, that suggest that children suffered from plague more severely than adults, at least on certain occasions (as in 1361 or 1418 for example), but nothing more precise. The legend of the Pied Piper of Hamelin may be a folk-memory of a plague (possibly in 1284) that killed mainly the children of the town, for the connection between infestation of rats and the loss of children suggests some kind of plague outbreak. Pollitzer concludes that no particular age group is specially liable to plague, and attributes all differences observed to different risks of exposure. The determinants of the severity of an outbreak would therefore be the environmental details and social customs. 相似文献
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Free-lance musicians are professionally trained artists who lack permanent membership in any musical organization. Although trained to be creative artists, most frequently free-lancers play supporting music for operas, ballets and solo performers on stage, or provide background music for dinners or receptions. As a consequence, their technical skills are devalued by audiences; they often play music below their skill level; spontaneity in interpretation is extremely limited or impossible; they are anonymous to the audience and their playing generally receives an impersonal response; performances serve a functional rather than an aesthetic purpose; and players are interchangeable between groups. As a result of treatment as non-persons, free-lancers hold a sense of low prestige for themselves, and the occupation in many ways serves as a negative reference group for its members. Wide implications regarding non-personhood are drawn for an increasingly mechanized society. Contrary to Goffman's examples, non-personhood is not tied to occupations of limited skill, but rather, can occur in any occupational group under conditions in which individual interpretation, decision making, and power are nullified. 相似文献
1000.
Learning about radon's risk 总被引:1,自引:1,他引:0
V. Kerry Smith William H. Desvousges Ann Fisher F. Reed Johnson 《Journal of Risk and Uncertainty》1988,1(2):233-258
This article reports the results of an evaluation of the effectiveness of different types of information materials in communicating the risk from exposure to radon, a naturally occurring indoor air pollutant. The study involved a panel of 2300 homeowners who actually experienced risks from radon, and the information program used to explain these risks. The analysis considered information transfer and performance on specific tasks requiring information on the risk from radon to measure learning. The results suggest a systematic learning process, but indicate that the process can be influenced by how risk information is presented. 相似文献