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991.
Graciela Boente Alejandra Martínez Matías Salibián-Barrera 《Journal of nonparametric statistics》2017,29(4):744-767
Additive models provide an attractive setup to estimate regression functions in a nonparametric context. They provide a flexible and interpretable model, where each regression function depends only on a single explanatory variable and can be estimated at an optimal univariate rate. Most estimation procedures for these models are highly sensitive to the presence of even a small proportion of outliers in the data. In this paper, we show that a relatively simple robust version of the backfitting algorithm (consisting of using robust local polynomial smoothers) corresponds to the solution of a well-defined optimisation problem. This formulation allows us to find mild conditions to show Fisher consistency and to study the convergence of the algorithm. Our numerical experiments show that the resulting estimators have good robustness and efficiency properties. We illustrate the use of these estimators on a real data set where the robust fit reveals the presence of influential outliers. 相似文献
992.
993.
Ana Rubio-Álvarez Milagros Molina-Alarcón Antonio Hernández-Martínez 《Women and birth : journal of the Australian College of Midwives》2017,30(5):382-388
Background
Postpartum anaemia is a problem with high prevalence that significantly affects maternal recovery. Among the causal factors is perineal trauma. However, it is still not known what degree of perineal trauma produces a greater reduction of haemoglobin.Aim
To assess the relationship between the degree of perineal trauma and change in haemoglobin concentration at vaginal birth.Methods
An observational, analytical retrospective cohort study was performed at the Mancha-Centro Hospital (Spain) during the period 2010–2014. Data were collected regarding 3479 women who gave birth vaginally. The main outcome variable was the change in haemoglobin concentration. Multivariate analysis by means of multiple linear regression was performed to control possible confounding factors and to determine the net effect of each degree of perineal trauma on haemoglobin reduction.Findings
Of the total sample, 20.1% of women (699) had an intact perineum, 41.6% (1446) experienced some form of perineal trauma, but not episiotomy, and the remaining 38.3% of women (1334) underwent an episiotomy. The average reduction of haemoglobin was 1.46 g/dL (Standard Deviation (SD) = 1.09 g/dL) for women without episiotomy with a second degree tear and 2.07 g/dL (SD = 1.24 g/dL) for women who had an episiotomy and no perineal tear. The greatest reduction occurred among women with episiotomy and a third or fourth degree tear with a decrease of 3.10 g/dL (SD = 1.32 g/dL).Conclusion
Episiotomy is related to greater reduction of haemoglobin concentration in comparison with all degrees of spontaneous perineal trauma. The use of episiotomy should be strictly limited. 相似文献994.
Claudia Jones speaks to “half the world”: gendering Cold War politics in the Daily Worker, 1950–1953
Cristina Mislán 《Feminist Media Studies》2017,17(2):281-296
As feminist scholarship has illustrated, historical resurgences of global migration raise questions about the intersections between war politics, persecution of activists, and its gendered implications. Informed by a new historicist approach, this article seeks to contextualize contemporary scholarly conversations on journalism, migration, and feminist studies by conducting a historical analysis of a bi-weekly column entitled “Half the World.” This column was published in the Daily Worker and was written by little-known Caribbean activist and journalist Claudia Jones. A close reading of all printed columns between 1950 and 1953 illustrate that despite Jones’ tendency to reinforce gendered dichotomies of war discourse, where women represented peace and men violence, she also placed women as the creators of a national and transnational movement against US intervention in Korea. Jones’ story, therefore, contributes to previous feminist histories on the role female journalists and activists have played in shaping the relationship between gender, nation, and war politics. 相似文献
995.
In this study, we use the UK Millennium Cohort Study to estimate a dynamic factor model of child development. Our model follows the children from birth until 7 years of age and allows for both cognitive and noncognitive abilities in children. We find a significant self-productivity effect in both cognitive and noncognitive development, as well as some evidence of dynamic dependence across different abilities. The activities that parents carry out with children at home (parental investment) have a significant effect on children’s development; we find substantial evidence of two distinct latent parental investment variables with differential effects across the two abilities. 相似文献
996.
Ana Isabel Segovia-San-Juan Irene Saavedra Victoria Fernández-de-Tejada 《Social indicators research》2017,130(2):617-645
The incorporation of People with Disability (PWD) in organizations is a subject taken up by international organizations, such as the European Union and the United Nations, which has had subsequent consequences in Spain with the development of legislation and specific initiatives. In this paper we have considered the concept of disability as part of diversity and, above all, as a fundamental subject of human rights and justice, which has allowed us to include the collective of PWD among the stakeholders of companies. The research on the incorporation of disability as an integral part of the policies of Corporate Social Responsibility (CSR) in companies is very recent, although the term Corporate Social Responsibility and Disability is already used. The main objective of this paper is to analyze the commitment with PWD of Spanish companies considered socially responsible by the sustainability indices used. We have included in four large dimensions (Stakeholders, Visibility, Human Resources and Accessibility) the indicators that have allowed us to analyze the information on PWD published by these companies in their sustainability reports or similar documents accessible through their websites. The results suggest that the companies are more concerned about improving their image towards the exterior than for the commitment with their own employees, which is consistent with the dimension Visibility being where the companies carry out more actions in favor of PWD. 相似文献
997.
An incidence in a graph G is a pair (v, e) where v is a vertex of G and e is an edge of G incident to v. Two incidences (v, e) and (u, f) are adjacent if at least one of the following holds: \((a) v = u, (b) e = f\), or \((c) vu \in \{e,f\}\). An incidence coloring of G is a coloring of its incidences assigning distinct colors to adjacent incidences. In this note we prove that every subquartic graph admits an incidence coloring with at most seven colors. 相似文献
998.
This paper explores the impact on automobile manufacturing networks of adopting modular platforms to replace the standard platforms used to date. Analysis of European manufacturers’ production networks shows that the use of modular architecture improves coordination by increasing manufacturing mobility and thriftiness ability. The changes resulting from this new modular approach also allow manufacturing capacity to be reorganised and overcapacity to be partially eliminated. From the point of view of production systems, the adaptation of manufacturing processes and facilities to this new architecture should aim to increase flexibility by integrating production around a single platform, allowing for different dimensions and for a larger number of models to be produced in a single plant. 相似文献
999.
The process for implementing ERP systems is related with the identification of a large range of variables (organisational goals, business rules, business processes, actors, resources and specifics and unique concepts to support these variables). The main agents related to the implementation are the solution supplier, the customer company and the consulting service. If the implementation process is addressed as an organisational innovation, the question is: How to coordinate the ERP implementation resources from an innovation agents network? In order to answer this question, a reference model is proposed for the formation and management of an innovation agent’s network for ERP implementation. The research method is based on a multi-case study for identifying the requirements and to elaborate the reference model applying a modelling method the Enterprise Knowledge Development (EKD). As results, the reference model in an analytical perspective of innovation networks and their drivers, enables to identify, understand and support the process of implementing ERP systems under the EKD models they are: goals; business rules; business processes; actors and resources; concepts; technical components and requirements. 相似文献
1000.
Dolors Navarro Carme Montserrat Sara Malo Mònica González Ferran Casas Gemma Crous 《Child & Family Social Work》2017,22(1):175-184
The aim of this paper is to analyse how 10‐ to 15‐year‐old adolescents define their own perceptions of well‐being and the factors influencing it at their age. Ten focus groups were organized, two from each age group. One group for each age included the students with the lowest scores in subjective well‐being (SWB) and the other included those with the highest, according to their responses to previously administered psychometric scales. The views of the participating adolescents were explored by means of a content analysis. In general, the children mentioned both positive and negative elements of participating in defining what constitutes well‐being. According to these children, well‐being is related to both affects and attitudes, relations with family and friends being key factors in it. Differences in the information provided reveal some variations according to age and SWB score. Children scoring lower in SWB tend to refer more to relationships with friends and basic needs covered, whereas those scoring higher tend to refer more to family relationships and not having problems. The results of this research can contribute to both social policy design and appraisal as they provide an in‐depth understanding of how SWB works at these ages. 相似文献