Distribution and activity of bats at local and landscape scales within a rural–urban gradient

We examined the relationship between bat species activity and composition and the extent of forest cover and urbanization in and adjacent to 11 U.S. National Park Service, National Capital Region Parks in Maryland, Virginia, West Virginia, and Washington, D.C., from 2003–2004, using mist nets, harp traps, acoustical detectors, and visual observations in a variety of habitats. Our efforts included 363 trap nights across 74 sites along with acoustical sampling at 362 sites. We captured 383 bats and identified 6,380 echolocation passes of 6 species. Both overall and species-specific activities were affected more by forest fragmentation within parks than by urbanization adjacent to parks. With an ability to exploit anthropogenic structures for day-roosts, big brown bats (Eptesicus fuscus) were the most ubiquitous and probably the most abundant species in NCR Parks, particularly in forested, urban parks. Northern myotis (Myotis septentrionalis), and to a lesser extent, little brown myotis (Myotis lucifugus) were more prevalent in forested, rural parks of the Ridge and Valley and Blue Ridge than in eastern, less forested urban parks of the Piedmont and Coastal Plain physiographic provinces. Retention of larger, residual forest tracts and day-roosting habitat (i.e., trees and snags) would be beneficial to most species, as urban expansion continues throughout the region.     

超越现代大学模式 构建怀特海式大学

本文首先简要探讨大学发展的历史,重点分析四种类型大学(宗教型大学、公立型大学、研究型大学和企业型大学)的办学理念与办学目的。然后探讨怀特海哲学的价值观,指出四种类型大学都没有造成世界总价值的增加,因为这些大学依循的世界观没有肯定宇宙的价值性与关联性,他们狭隘地定义了自身的使命:服务于基督教信仰,服务于国家,服务于研究,服务于市场。本文最后展望构建怀特海式大学,并且阐述怀特海式大学的世界观和它肩负的使命。     

面向21世纪的信仰间对话:犹太教、基督教与穆斯林围绕经典的辩读

本文作者以其个人学术经历为切入点,详细阐述了"经文辨读"这一跨宗教,跨信仰研究方法、现状以及其特点。以及"经文辨读"这种方法同其他的跨宗教研究方法"比较神学"之间的区别和联系。并且对经文辨读此种方法进行了天主教上的溯源,追溯到梵二会议的精神。同时他对于"经文辨读"的未来发展也提出了自己的展望和倡议。     

Training family therapists to work with children and families: a modified Delphi study

This study examined child inclusion issues and training marriage and family therapists (MFTs) to treat children. This modified Delphi study utilized a panel of experts, and gathered data through questionnaires and qualitative interviews. Panelists believe children should participate in family therapy sessions for both child and adult problems, except when parents are discussing sex or sensitive issues. Child-focused courses should emphasize developmental issues, engaging techniques, theoretical issues, play therapy theory, MFT treatment for child disorders, and specific child/family problems. Panelists suggest numerous child-focused references, but reached consensus for only one. Key therapist attributes and skills were identified. Deductive and inductive training methods and the role of supervision were highlighted. Although therapist playfulness and creativity were emphasized, few play techniques were included in the final profile.     

Violence and trauma: predicting the impact on the well-being of African American women with severe mental illness

Exposure to violence and trauma has become a major mental health and public health problem in the United States. This study assesses the rates of exposure to traumatic events of 55 adult African American women receiving treatment in an urban community mental health clinic. The study examined three research questions. First, what is the rate of exposure to violence and trauma among African American women in an urban community mental health clinic? Second, what effect does violence and trauma exposure have on mental health? Finally, does exposure to violence and trauma have an effect on well-being as measured with the Medical Outcomes Survey (MOS/SF-36)? A significant negative relationship between diagnostic burden and well-being was found. A negative nonsignificant relationship was found between Posttraumatic Diagnostic Scale (PDS) and wellbeing. Study findings suggest that use of a screening and assessment tool for violence and trauma exposure may have important clinical implications in providing appropriate mental health services to African American women.