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81.
Alfred DeMaris Michael L. Benson Greer L. Fox Terrence Hill Judy Van Wyk 《Journal of marriage and the family》2003,65(3):652-667
We employed 4,095 couples from both waves of the National Survey of Families and Households (NSFH) to test a model of couple violence drawn from several theoretical perspectives. The outcome distinguishes among nonviolent couples and those experiencing either physical aggression or intense male violence. According to the model, background characteristics of couples are related to relationship stressors, which affect the risk of violence via their tendency to promote verbal conflict. Considerable support for the model was found. Couples were at higher risk for one or both forms of violence if they were younger at union inception, had been together for less time, were both in their first union, had only one partner who was employed, had a nontraditional woman paired with a traditional man, had at least one partner who abused substances, had more children, had more frequent disagreements, exhibited a more hostile disagreement style, or lived in an economically disadvantaged neighborhood. Moreover, the effects of stressors such as the number of children and couples' employment status disparities appear to be mediated by disagreement frequency and disagreement style. 相似文献
82.
James P. McDermott G. Jogesh Babu John C. Liechty Dennis K. J. Lin 《Statistics and Computing》2007,17(4):311-321
We consider the problem of density estimation when the data is in the form of a continuous stream with no fixed length. In
this setting, implementations of the usual methods of density estimation such as kernel density estimation are problematic.
We propose a method of density estimation for massive datasets that is based upon taking the derivative of a smooth curve
that has been fit through a set of quantile estimates. To achieve this, a low-storage, single-pass, sequential method is proposed
for simultaneous estimation of multiple quantiles for massive datasets that form the basis of this method of density estimation.
For comparison, we also consider a sequential kernel density estimator. The proposed methods are shown through simulation
study to perform well and to have several distinct advantages over existing methods. 相似文献
83.
Recent social changes have made husbands' emotional investments and wives' perceptions of equity in the division of housework crucial for women's marital happiness. But wives are also happiest in their marriages when they share a strong normative commitment to lifelong marriage with their husbands and when their husbands take the lead in breadwinning. Thus our research suggests that elements of the new and the old promote marital happiness among contemporary wives. 相似文献
84.
Dennis L. Poole 《Nonprofit management & leadership》2003,13(4):325-341
The Personal Responsibility and Work Opportunity Act of 1996 created a paradigm shift in the financing, organization, and delivery of welfare programs in the United States. The act shifted revenue and authority to states, giving them great discretion to determine the specifics of their programs. First‐order devolution, combined with time limits and work requirements, set in motion a chain of events that moved Temporary Assistance to Needy Families (TANF) recipients into the labor force and off state welfare rolls. Second‐order devolution shifted revenue and authority to community‐based organizations (CBOs) to help former recipients remain employed, advance to higher paying jobs, and move their families toward economic self‐sufficiency. Early findings from project innovations in Texas and other states raise doubts about the capacity of these organizations to achieve these goals. State funders will need to provide ongoing technical assistance and support to “scale up” the capacity of CBOs to plan, implement, and manage local innovations in welfare reform. 相似文献
85.
Constrained allocation problems with single-peaked preferences: An axiomatic analysis 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
Özgür Kıbrıs 《Social Choice and Welfare》2003,20(3):353-362
We introduce a new class of problems that contains two existing classes: allocation problems with single-peaked preferences
and bankruptcy problems. On this class, we analyze the implications of well-known properties such as Pareto optimality, strategy-proofness,
resource-monotonicity, no-envy, equal treatment of equals, and two new properties we introduce, hierarchical no-envy and independence
of nonbinding constraints. Unlike earlier literature, we consider rules that allow free-disposability. We present characterizations
of a rule we introduce on this domain. We relate this rule to well-known rules on the aforementioned subdomains. Based on
this relation, we present a characterization of a well-known bankruptcy rule called the constrained equal awards rule.
Received: 22 June 2000/Accepted: 21 March 2002
This paper is based on the first chapter of my Ph.D. thesis submitted to the University of Rochester. I wish to thank my
advisor, William Thomson, for helpful comments and suggestions. 相似文献
86.
The authors propose graphical and numerical methods for checking the adequacy of the logistic regression model for matched case‐control data. Their approach is based on the cumulative sum of residuals over the covariate or linear predictor. Under the assumed model, the cumulative residual process converges weakly to a centered Gaussian limit whose distribution can be approximated via computer simulation. The observed cumulative residual pattern can then be compared both visually and analytically to a certain number of simulated realizations of the approximate limiting process under the null hypothesis. The proposed techniques allow one to check the functional form of each covariate, the logistic link function as well as the overall model adequacy. The authors assess the performance of the proposed methods through simulation studies and illustrate them using data from a cardiovascular study. 相似文献
87.
88.
It is often of interest to find the maximum or near maxima among a set of vector‐valued parameters in a statistical model; in the case of disease mapping, for example, these correspond to relative‐risk “hotspots” where public‐health intervention may be needed. The general problem is one of estimating nonlinear functions of the ensemble of relative risks, but biased estimates result if posterior means are simply substituted into these nonlinear functions. The authors obtain better estimates of extrema from a new, weighted ranks squared error loss function. The derivation of these Bayes estimators assumes a hidden‐Markov random‐field model for relative risks, and their behaviour is illustrated with real and simulated data. 相似文献
89.
Daniel L. Friesner 《Journal of Socio》2003,31(6):41
This paper presents an empirical methodology for examining cost-adjusting in relation to multiple-output health care providers. The methodology is subsequently implemented using a sample of California outpatient clinics. The empirical evidence is that these clinics do cost-adjust; that is, the clinics respond to low Medicare reimbursement by using lower quality to control the marginal costs of those patient groups not insured under a government-sponsored plan. In addition, clinics do not cost-adjust with respect to Medi-Cal patients, implying that various government reimbursement systems have different effects on a provider’s cost-adjusting behavior. 相似文献
90.
The Lake Pontchartrain Basin in southeast Louisiana is an estuarine watershed encompassing New Orleans, Baton Rouge, and wetlands that are an integral part of Louisiana's unique culture. In recent decades rapid growth and poorly planned development have resulted in a decrease in water quality and habitat loss, especially in St. Tammany Parish on the north shore of Lake Pontchartrain. In 1989, the Lake Pontchartrain Basin Foundation (LPBF), an environmental, non-profit organization, was formed to address and rectify environmental issues in the Basin. LPBF accomplishes its mission through programs addressing water quality, habitat protection, geographic information science, public access, and education.LPBF used the recent, rapid development occurring in St. Tammany Parish as a case study to examine the relationship between land use, water quality, and development in the Basin by investigating habitat change/urbanization, development in flood plains, and water quality. Through the integration of LPBF programs, it was found that urbanization is having a devastating impact on the parish's natural habitats and severely degrading water quality. Using these results, LPBF is educating Basin citizens on the protection of their habitats and water quality to insure that these resources may be available for future generations. 相似文献