PARENTAL EARNINGS AND CHILDREN'S WELL‐BEING: AN ANALYSIS OF THE SURVEY OF INCOME AND PROGRAM PARTICIPATION MATCHED TO SOCIAL SECURITY ADMINISTRATION EARNINGS DATA

We estimate the association between parental earnings and child well‐being using data from the Survey of Income and Program Participation matched to Social Security Administration earnings records. We use very large samples on a wide variety of measures of child well‐being that are also linked to long histories of parent earnings from administrative records. Consistent with previous studies, we find that the use of longer time averages of parent earnings leads to substantially higher estimated associations compared to using only a single year of parent earnings. Using 7‐year time averages of parent earnings, we show, for example, that a doubling of parent earnings is associated with a reduced probability of a teenager reporting being in poor health by close to 50% and a decrease in the likelihood of a child repeating a grade by 39%. We also examine how the associations vary by the timing of when parental earnings are received during childhood. We find suggestive evidence that parental earnings received during the child's school‐going years (ages 6 to 17) are more strongly associated with college enrollment and children's future earnings as adults than parent earnings received earlier or later in the child's life. (JEL J13, I1, I2)     

Responsible Conduct of Research Measure: Initial Development and Pilot Study

Although much discussion has been focused on research misconduct (RM) and questionable research practices, to date no self-report measures exist to examine this phenomenon. To help fill this void, the authors developed the Responsible Conduct of Research Measure (RCRM) through multiple pilot study waves involving researchers in the social and behavioral sciences. Preliminary results reveal adequate validity and reliability. The authors discuss limitations of the study as well as some possible directions for future research on this topic.     

Recruitment to small boat fishing and public policy in the Atlantic Canadian fisheries

Dans la région atlantique du Canada, les revenus de la plupart de ceux qui se consacrent à la pêche commerciale sont insuffisants à cause des frais de ménage et de participation. Néanmoins, des dizaines de milliers de personnes continuent à faire de la pêche leur occupation première. Dans cet essai, nous examinons une étude de cas et des données d'enquêtes afin de déterminer les raisons pour lesquelles une carrière dans la pêche continue à attirer et à retenir des participants. Nos analyses révèlent que L'attachement à une profession est plus fort dans le secteur des produits de consommation courante et plus faible dans le secteur capitaliste industriel, essentiellement parce que le recrutement et la participation dans le premier secteur interviennent dans un contexte social faconne par la famille, les connaissances, la communauté et le contrôle des méthodes de travail. Nous démontrons que ces conditions sociales L'emportent sur des considérations salariales et économiques dans la conscience des pêcheurs, une conscience qui réfléchit les rationalisations et les solidaritiés communautaires, familiales et professionnelles. En conclusion, nous prouvons que la politique gouvernementale en matière de pêches et les analyses des sciences sociales ignorent en grande partie les raisons expliquant L'attachement communautaire et professionnel. Dès lors, la politique gouvernementale et la recherche dans le domaine des sciences sociales facilitent toutes deux la bureaucratisation et par conséquent la déshumanisation de la profession. For many in Atlantic Canada the income returns from commercial fishing are insufficient relative to participation and household costs. Yet tens of thousands continue to enter and pursue fishing as their primary occupation. In this essay we examine case study and survey data for the purpose of determining reasons why the occupation continues to attract and hold participants. Our analyses reveal that occupational attachment is strongest in the petty commodity sector and weakest in the industrial-capitalist sector, primarily because recruitment and participation in the former occurs in a social landscape of family, familiarity, community and control over labour processes. We argue that these social conditions take precedence over economic/income considerations in the consciousness of fishermen, a consciousness reflective of occupational, familial and community solidarities and rationalities. In concluding we argue that state fisheries policy and social scientific analyses largely ignore the rationality of occupational and community attachment. As a result, both state policy and social research facilitate the bureaucratization and, consequent, dehumanization of the occupation.     

POSTED OFFER MARKETS IN NEAR-CONTINUOUS TIME: AN EXPERIMENTAL INVESTIGATION

This paper reports an experiment conducted to evaluate a "near-continuous" variant of the posted offer trading institution, where the number of periods in a market session is increased by reducing sharply each period's maximum length. Experimental results suggest that although decisions in time-truncated periods are not equivalent to periods of longer duration, extensive repetition improves considerably the drawing power of equilibrium predictions in some challenging environments. Nevertheless, significant deviations remain in the near-continuous framework. We also observe that the extra data collected in the near-continuous framework allow new insights into price convergence and signaling . ( JEL C92, L12, L11)     

The Psychiatrization of Post-Traumatic Distress: Issues for Social Workers

¹Howard Davis, Centre for Studies in Crime and Social Justice, Edge Hill, St Helens Road, Ormskirk, Lancashire L39 4QP, UK. Summary The psychiatric category of post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD)is described and critiqued. Problems of definition and applicationmay lead to the non-inclusion or minimization of some formsof post-traumatic distress. Questions of what constitute ‘healthy’and ‘unhealthy’ reactions to trauma are raised andthe depoliticization of trauma explored. The absence from theliterature of sufficient acknowledgement of traumagenic actionson the part of official agencies is noted. The potential forcritically informed social work interventions in prevention,mitigation and longer-term response is outlined.     

A WINNING PROPOSITION: THE ECONOMIC IMPACT OF SUCCESSFUL NATIONAL FOOTBALL LEAGUE FRANCHISES

Research has demonstrated that a Super Bowl victory increases the personal income of the individuals in the metropolitan area from which the winning teams come. We argue that the economic benefits should extend beyond just the championship team's city to the cities of teams that experience seasonal success, and thus, the winning percentages of National Football League teams were included in our model. When controlling for sources of bias, winning percentage of the local professional football team had a significant positive effect on real per capita personal income. Explanations for these conclusions are offered from a psychological perspective. ( JEL L83, R19)