Parental Anger and Trajectories of Emotional Well‐Being from Adolescence to Young Adulthood

This study assesses the relationship of parental anger on children’s anger and self‐derogation from adolescence to young adulthood. We examine a life‐course perspective and incorporate theories of emotion regulation and self‐referent behavior. Using structural equation models and hierarchical growth curve models with the Kaplan Longitudinal and Multigenerational data, the results indicate that parental anger leads to anger in adolescence, supporting theories of learning through modeling in adolescence. In young adulthood, as predicted by self‐referent behavior theory, parental anger contributes to increases in self‐derogation. Interestingly, maternal anger, but not paternal anger, is correlated with child’s anger and self‐derogation.     

Ein Mixed-Methods-Evaluations-Ansatz zur Untersuchung von Makro-Mikro-Interaktionen

Especially in the case of longitudinal evaluations, mixed-methodological approaches appear to be useful, since the studies are basically suitable for evaluating evaluation objects of a high degree of complexity, such as, for example, dynamic processes in educational structures. Basing on the longitudinal development of professions-related beliefs of mathematics student teachers, this article describes how macro- and microstructures can be taken into account by integrating results obtained through different research methods. With the help of latent growth curve models the development of beliefs of 235 student teachers at five universities could be modeled longitudinally. On the basis of 19 interviews, afterwards interrelationships between institutional frameworks and the individual development of beliefs could be identified on the basis of case studies. Amongst others, a high degree of agreement to constructivist-oriented forms of teaching and learning could be revealed, which can be partly attributed to the experience of university teaching.     

An Integrated Approach to Managing Change

Complex systems often involve a huge number of variables whose interdependence must be taken into account. This makes the adoption of an integrated approach essential for the proper management of a wide range of aspects related to human life, from social matters to the environment. In particular, this paper takes into consideration three different experiences in which the use of an integrated approach represented the most effective response for managing the evolving realities we took into consideration. We focused on the issue of land management, with particular attention to the problem of monoculture in Brazil. Then we analyzed the attempted cooperation between the States of the Aral Sea area for efficient water management of the basin and, finally, we dealt with the matter of energy efficiency and how the production of home integrated systems could lead to a better rationalization of energy consumption in the near future.      

Using mixtures in seemingly unrelated linear regression models with non-normal errors

Seemingly unrelated linear regression models are introduced in which the distribution of the errors is a finite mixture of Gaussian distributions. Identifiability conditions are provided. The score vector and the Hessian matrix are derived. Parameter estimation is performed using the maximum likelihood method and an Expectation–Maximisation algorithm is developed. The usefulness of the proposed methods and a numerical evaluation of their properties are illustrated through the analysis of simulated and real datasets.     

The Dimensions of Agricultural Diversification: A Spatial Analysis of Italian Municipalities

Diversification in agriculture could ensure the survival of farming by broadening the income base of farms and encouraging agricultural sustainability. The diversification of on-farm activities may depend on socioeconomic and environmental characteristics. Although multifunctionality is a hotly debated topic, few papers have focused on the farm characteristics that influence diversification and none have focused on the influence of the spatial pattern. This paper examines the relationship between farm characteristics and the adoption of a specific type of diversification. An econometric model is presented that uses a spatial autoregressive lag model at the municipal scale. The results demonstrate that the activation of each diversification dimension is influenced by both internal and external factors, encompassing farmers’ characteristics, the farm structure, and territorial features, including regional and spatial patterns. Deepening is mainly influenced by the farmer’s age, education, and the presence of small and labor-intensive farms. The key factors for broadening diversification are the presence of small farms and farms with mixed production (breeding and crop cultivation). Regrounding is most affected by the labor-intensive farms in the area and the farms with mixed production.     

Survivors and Victims,a Meta‐analytical Review of Fairness and Organizational Commitment after Downsizing

There is a lack of consistent evidence that downsizing leads to improved financial performance. Lowered commitment after painful downsizing periods is identified as an important reason why downsizing does not show the intended long‐term effects. This paper provides a meta‐analytical overview of the impact of fairness on organizational commitment for survivors and victims after a downsizing operation. Among 37 samples (11,256 persons), a positive relationship was found between fairness and affective organizational commitment (ρ=0.40) for both survivors and victims. Three moderators of the fairness–commitment relationship were identified: (1) for survivors, procedural justice matters more than distributive justice; (2) the impact of fairness is stronger in countries with an individualistic (versus collectivistic) culture; (3) fairness matters more when mass layoff is initiated for profit maximization (versus economic necessity).     

The personality factor: how top management teams make decisions. A literature review

Past research has increasingly suggested that CEO/TMT personality can play a relevant role in influencing various external (e.g. firm performance) and internal (e.g. firm organizational structure) management outcomes. These promising results need appropriate systematization and discussion, which we aim at providing through a literature review based on rigorous inclusion/exclusion criteria. Our analysis shows great heterogeneity in regard to both the personality traits and the personality based management outcomes explored by the investigated population of studies. Thus, we specifically use the framework provided by the Five-Factor Model (FFM) of personality to codify the publications and this framework allows us to identify some possible theoretical trajectories. These trajectories mainly regard the empirical testing of the highlighted associations between CEO emotional stability, extraversion and conscientiousness with bureaucratization, strategic pro-activity and firm performance. Our article is primarily intended for those scholars and practitioners who want to improve their knowledge about psychology-based decision making and behavioural corporate governance through the understanding of how CEO/TMT personality can affect their strategic decisions.     

Ausbildungssupervision im Fokus der Expertiseforschung

While supervision is well established in the formation of consultants and psychotherapists, it is seldom offered in trainer formation. Recent research on the behavior and cognition of experts in complex dynamic domains suggests that trainers widely use implicit knowledge structures for their professional activities. These structures, however, are not necessarily accessible to conscious reflection. Supervision respectively coaching supports changes of such implicit knowledge structures and also supports the development of professional expertise. It is recommended to implement such support and counseling as an obligatory requirement in the formation of trainers.     

Missing data methods in official statistics in the United Kingdom: Some recent developments

In recent years an increase in nonresponse rates in major government and social surveys has been observed. It is thought that decreasing response rates and changes in nonresponse bias may affect, potentially severely, the quality of survey data. This paper discusses the problem of unit and item nonresponse in government surveys from an applied perspective and highlights some newer developments in this field with a focus on official statistics in the United Kingdom (UK). The main focus of the paper is on post-survey adjustment methods, in particular adjustment for item nonresponse. The use of various imputation and weighting methods is discussed in an example. The application also illustrates the close relationship between missing data and measurement error. JEL classification C42, C81