Optimal Inventory Control with Retail Pre‐Packs

A pre‐pack is a collection of items used in retail distribution. By grouping multiple units of one or more stock keeping units (SKU), distribution and handling costs can be reduced; however, ordering flexibility at the retail outlet is limited. This paper studies an inventory system at a retail level where both pre‐packs and individual items (at additional handling cost) can be ordered. For a single‐SKU, single‐period problem, we show that the optimal policy is to order into a “band” with as few individual units as possible. For the multi‐period problem with modular demand, the band policy is still optimal, and the steady‐state distribution of the target inventory position possesses a semi‐uniform structure, which greatly facilitates the computation of optimal policies and approximations under general demand. For the multi‐SKU case, the optimal policy has a generalized band structure. Our numerical results show that pre‐pack use is beneficial when facing stable and complementary demands, and substantial handling savings at the distribution center. The cost premium of using simple policies, such as strict base‐stock and batch‐ordering (pre‐packs only), can be substantial for medium parameter ranges.     

基于顾客满意和顾客忠诚关系的市场细分方法研究

在顾客满意与顾客忠诚的相关关系方面,目前国内外许多学者都有不同的研究和看法。本研究认为,对于不同的顾客群体,顾客满意对顾客忠诚具有不同的影响,从而也为企业带来不一样的价值和利润。本研究尝试采用一种新的聚类回归方法,根据顾客满意和顾客忠诚的关系细分顾客群体,并以手机行业为例进行实证分析,探寻哪些顾客群体的满意度对忠诚度影响较高,哪些顾客群体其忠诚与否基本不受满意度的影响。     

环境不确定性、组织冗余与原始性创新的关系研究

本文探讨了环境不确定的两个维度(技术不确定性和市场不确定性)对企业原始性创新的直接影响,以及运用权变的方法研究了组织冗余对以上两种关系的调节作用。通过对404家中国企业的实证研究发现,环境不确定性的两个维度对企业原始性创新的影响不尽相同,其中技术不确定性与企业原始性创新正相关,市场不确定性与企业原始性创新负相关;此外,随着已吸收冗余的增多,市场不确定性与原始性创新的负向关系增强;随着未吸收冗余的增多,技术不确定性与企业原始性创新的正向关系增强,市场不确定性与企业原始性创新的负向关系增强。研究结论发展了现有的创新文献,具有一定的理论与实践意义。     

销售时信息披露的公平原则与互利原则

本文通过对销售商向消费者披露产品的信息的责任和义务的分析,比较了信息披露道德的公平原则和互利原则.指出了信息披露的伦理要求,应根据各种具体问题的不同适当地在公平原则和互利原则之间定位.     

虚拟产业群的运作管理模式研究

虚拟产业群是一种松散的企业网络组织,在网络信息技术的支持下成为虚拟企业构建与运作的基础平台。基于这一出发点,本文通过分析与研究虚拟产业群运作的目标、创建过程、组织结构形式、运作过程主要活动及必需的基础设施建设等问题,提出了虚拟产业群运作管理的基本模式。同时,为充分理解这一模式,文后给出了两个实际案例。最后,总结了虚拟产业群运作对虚拟企业的基础作用与价值所在。     

完善国有商业银行管理信息系统的构想

通过对商业银行计算机网络现状的分析,提出应在我国整个金融系统尽快开发完善管理信息系统,并对系统的构成要素提出了设想。     

摩托车市场需求预测模型研究

本文通过对摩托车市场系统分析,确立了相关影响因素,建立了回归预测模型和系统动力学模型,依此对我国摩托车未来需求量进行了预测.     

基于政府行政管理职能构建统计体系的基本思路与方法

对某个具体的政府行政职能部门而言,其数据供给和需求常常是不对称的。如何构建一套统计体系,将与其有关的统计数据信息采集、加工、应用、发布通过一个信息系统来实现,以满足其对外的数据供给和对内的数据需求？本文以北京市住建委为例,给出了政府行政职能部门统计体系设计的四个基本步骤：解析行政管理职能,构造统计体系的基本框架,分模块进行具体统计内容设计,落实统计报送周期、数据来源和传输渠道。     

Comparisons of Test Statistics Arising from Marginal Analyses of Multivariate Survival Data

We investigate the properties of several statistical tests for comparing treatment groups with respect to multivariate survival data, based on the marginal analysis approach introduced by Wei, Lin and Weissfeld [Regression Analysis of multivariate incomplete failure time data by modelling marginal distributians, JASA vol. 84 pp. 1065–1073]. We consider two types of directional tests, based on a constrained maximization and on linear combinations of the unconstrained maximizer of the working likelihood function, and the omnibus test arising from the same working likelihood. The directional tests are members of a larger class of tests, from which an asymptotically optimal test can be found. We compare the asymptotic powers of the tests under general contiguous alternatives for a variety of settings, and also consider the choice of the number of survival times to include in the multivariate outcome. We illustrate the results with simulations and with the results from a clinical trial examining recurring opportunistic infections in persons with HIV.