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41.
British local government has recently undergone its most far-reaching reorganization for twenty-five years. The impact of this reorganization was considerable within local authorities but it also substantially affected other organizations with which they worked at a local level. This paper explores the perspectives of voluntary sector organizations involved in social care: a set of actors which, prior to reorganization, had been encouraged by central and local government, through notions of partnership and through community care legislation, to undertake more direct roles in service delivery, consultation and strategic planning. During the consultative period prior to reorganization, many voluntary organizations reported that they had been marginal to the process. Reflecting on the process of reorganization itself, many voluntary organization respondents commented that it had been disruptive and provoked considerable anxiety. Post-reorganization, voluntary organizations felt that rebuilding of relationships was necessary and that the promise of partnership had meant little in practice at a time of potential crisis for local. 相似文献
42.
This paper explores the antecedents, experiences and consequences of marginalization as reported and dealt with by disabled Iranian immigrants in Belgium. This work extends the work of Gallie and colleagues and Siegrist demonstrating that the forces of marginalization applicable to all immigrants are particularly pertinent to disabled immigrants. The research is based on 26 in‐depth, face‐to‐face interviews, focus groups, interviews with government officials and immigration experts, ethnographic work and official government statistics. The findings detail how the combined forces of history, context and reasons for immigration; isolation, vulnerability and perceived loss of control; religion and rejection; lack of reciprocity in social exchanges; problems in obtaining jobs; and difficulties in negotiating an entry into Belgian society combine to sustain marginizalation. As a consequence, disabled immigrants in this group are generally excluded from society and discriminated against in terms of citizenship, education, jobs and general acceptance. 相似文献
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45.
Using data from a survey of union members, we explore how an amalgamation of two Swedish unions affects membership participation.
The research literature on the topic is mostly anecdotal and speculative, suggesting that mergers might have detrimental effects
on membership participation because they create large unions with centralized governance and administration. But in this study,
we do not find a broad-based decline in membership participation measured before and after merger as well as in relation to
a comparison union that did not merge. These results are discussed in terms of the national context of union mergers in Sweden
and the ways that mergers are negotiated, presented, and implemented to preserve membership participation.
An earlier version of this paper was presented at the Third International Conference on Emerging Union Structures: Reshaping
Labour Market Institutions, Canberra, Australia in December 1997. The data collection for this project was supported by funds
from the National Institute for Working Life in Stockholm. 相似文献
46.
47.
This article describes a group‐based intervention for adolescents specifically designed to improve motivation to change sexually abusive behaviour. The intervention is intended to be used as a single module within a comprehensive treatment programme based on cognitive behavioural and relapse prevention principles. It utilizes the Prochaska and DiClemente ( 1983 , 1986 ) model of the stages of change and Morrison's ( 1998 ) seven steps in contemplating change. We have combined these two models to produce ‘11 Steps of Motivation and Action in Changing Sexually Abusive Behaviour’. These 11 steps form the foundation of the intervention. In this paper we describe how we use the 11 steps, with accompanying illustrative vignettes and question cards describing juvenile sexual abusers at various points along the continuum of change, in order to promote the acceptance of responsibility for abusive behaviour and the development of skills to prevent reoffending. Examples of the vignettes are provided, along with a discussion of how they can be used to motivate change, develop healthy group norms in treatment and set individual goals for clients. Finally, we highlight the possibility of future applications of this intervention with male adult abusers, adolescent and adult female abusers, parents groups, significant other groups, individual clients and children with sexually aggressive behaviour. Copyright © 2001 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd. 相似文献
48.
Jon E. Grant JD MD MPH Brian L. Odlaug MPH Katherine Derbyshire BS Liana R. N. Schreiber BA Katherine Lust PhD MPH Gary Christenson MD 《Journal of American college health : J of ACH》2013,61(1):75-78
Abstract Objective: This study examined the prevalence of mental health disorders and their clinical correlates in a university sample of lesbian, gay, bisexual, and queer (LGBQ) students. Participants: College students at a large public university. Methods: An anonymous, voluntary survey was distributed via random e-mail generation to university students during April and May of 2011. LGBQ students were compared with their heterosexual counterparts on psychological and physical status as well as academic performance. Results: LGBQ students reported worse depressive symptoms, higher levels of perceived stress, considered themselves less attractive, and were more likely to be overweight. LGBQ students were significantly more likely to report histories of affective, substance use, and certain anxiety disorders as well as compulsive sexual behavior and compulsive buying. Conclusions: The higher rates of many psychiatric conditions among LGBQ students underscore the need for universities to provide LGBQ students a nonjudgmental environment to discuss sexual orientation and health issues. 相似文献
49.
Gary S. Fields 《Journal of Economic Inequality》2010,8(4):409-427
This paper develops a new class of measures of mobility as an equalizer of longer-term incomes—a concept different from other
notions such as mobility as time-independence, positional movement, share movement, income flux, and directional income movement.
A number of properties are specified leading to a class of indices, one easily-implementable member of which is applied to
data for the USA and France. Using this index, income mobility is found to have equalized longer-term earnings among US men
in the 1970s but not in the 1980s or 1990s. In France, though, income mobility was equalizing throughout, and it has attained
its maximum in the most recent period. 相似文献
50.
This paper examines the effect of country-specific institutional constructs on the relationship between ownership concentration
and performance for firms in the eight Continental European countries of Austria, Belgium, Germany, Spain, France, Italy,
the Netherlands and Portugal. Using data from publicly-traded firms owned by other companies (i.e., blocks), measures of the
quality of investor and creditor protection and the effectiveness of legal institutions are applied. Employing a hierarchical
moderated multiple regression analysis, differential validity is established for the relationship between ownership concentration
and performance as measured by return on shareholders’ funds. This differential effect comes from creditor protection regimes
and is consistent with a relational corporate governance model based on debt finance and concentrated ownership. 相似文献