Critical success factors for merger in the UK voluntary sector

This paper reports on research into mergers in the voluntary sector in the UK from 1988 to 1993. It compares empirically derived critical success factors with success factors derived from previous work on mergers in both the voluntary and private sectors. The study concludes that merger can be an extremely effective strategy for voluntary organisations. For it to be so, it has to be undertaken willingly, with a shared vision between the partners of what the merger will achieve. Cultural differences need to be recognised and handled within a trusting context in which mutual respect is backed by an equitable process. Finally; sensitive handling of individuals caught up in the merger process is essential—but something which the voluntary sector ought to be well capable of doing.     

Families, orphans and children under stress in Zimbabwe

This paper evaluates a programme called FOCUS in Zimbabwe: Families, Orphans, and Children under Stress. The programme was initiated in 1993 and works with seven community groups, providing support to around 6500 children in 2000 households. The programme succeeds through committed community volunteers, who made over 93,000 visits to households in 1999. Communities are mobilised by building on existing practices, using natural entry points, and careful selection of local volunteers and supervisors. There is good community ownership, extremely low volunteer turnover, and reporting systems verify that aims and objectives are met. The programme maintains good ethics, addresses a range of children's rights, and is sustainable through a mixture of donor funds, FACT (sponsoring organisation) support and community support. Issues of concern include better recognition of psycho-social needs, prevention and protection from sexual abuse, reducing stigma and discrimination, increasing child-centred approaches and participation, and reducing gender imbalance among volunteers.     

Moments,Monuments and Explication: The Standing of the Millennium Dome

The construction of the Millennium Dome near the origin of Greenwich, at a cost of something in the order of one billion pounds to the British taxpayer, 1 see, for example, Nick Mathiason 'Downturn hits Dome sale,' The Observer , Sunday October 21, 2001. provides an excellent, if somewhat expensive, opportunity to reconsider the interrelations of time and space. For the Dome seeks to monumentalise and celebrate a moment of time as it simultaneously takes the form of a material structure that will persist. 2 Although the extent of this persistence has been a constant matter for considerable debate. This trade between moment and monument is replayed between the Dome as a startling visual immediacy, a whole to be apprehended in wonder, and the serialisation in progressive fashion of its staged contents. But it also represents an opportunity to see in the Dome a reflection of the society in which we live, and the possibilities it delivers. And we contend that the monumentalisation of the Dome may be read as an evisceration of the power of the moment, of the capacity of the human subject to engage in 'authentic unconditional ethical' ( i ek;, 2001, p. 151) action. In Britain, at least, much of the millennial moment was mediated through the Domic narrative. Nowhere else, after all, 'has anything like it'. An organising symbol for both malcontents and modernizers, reactions to the product were certainly diverse. But the majority of these reactions to the contents of the monument, and indeed the monument itself, represent a retreat from and obfuscation of our own complicity in the monumentalisation of our current society, of our refusal to treat the institution of society as an active product of our own imaginary making (Castoriadis, 1997). In their and our lack of reflection on, and problematisation of, the moment in time that is being monumentalised, we and they re-institute a denial of the possibility of 'real' time and thus of 'real' action and change. Through consideration of the work of Castoriadis (1997) and i ek (2001) we attempt to take back the millennial moment from the conservatism of the monument. Through a collage of media commentary on the Dome and constructivist and poststructualist commentary on our social condition, we attempt to show how a particular reading of the Dome as reflection of the impoverishment of our contemporary, progressivist modernity can open up an opportunity to engage in a project that wills a different society.     

Report of the President of the Australian Association of Social Workers

Currently there appears to be a spate of world, national and local disasters. Always there is concern, not only about how to manage the immediate emergency, but how to facilitate the long-term recovery period. This paper presents a six-months perspective of a particular disaster and recovery period, based on the experiences of a recovery worker. It emphasises the importance of routine training for workers in organisations who may be called upon in a disaster. It notes that because of the unique situation in every disaster, decision making on recovery structures and processes needs to remain invested in the local community, with assistance from external resources. It makes other suggestions for consideration in the continuing building of recovery theory. Finally, it underlines the importance of the social work role in most aspects of disaster recovery work, and the need to prepare not only undergraduates, but professional workers, for this role.     

The Psychological Contract of Volunteers: A New Research Agenda

This paper considers the ways in which research into the psychological contract of volunteers have been constrained by the direct transfer of measures from the study of employees, and more generally by the assumptions in the dominant psychological contract discourse. After examining these assumptions the paper proposes a revised research agenda, open to the possibility that the psychological contract of volunteers is affected by expectations arising from socio-cultural influences beyond the volunteer/manager relationships, and in particular, from the expectations of relative freedom in volunteering and from subjective perceptions of volunteering as (variously) serious leisure, unpaid work, or activism. Understanding the contract as socially constructed reveals the need to juxtapose the expectations of managers and volunteers in order to understand the contract as a social relationship.     

Developmental stability and leadership effectiveness

Developmental stability is the degree to which we can withstand environmental or genetic stressors during development. Fluctuating asymmetry (FA), concerns the extent to which the right and left side of the body is asymmetrical and is one way to measure developmental stability. Two studies were carried out that examined both the predictive value of leader FA with leadership behaviors and its role in facilitating group performance. The first study examined the hypothesis that a leader's FA is correlated with scores on the Multifactor Leadership Questionnaire (MLQ). The results revealed individuals with a more asymmetrical morphology scored higher on the transformational, but not transactional, dimensions of leadership behavior. A second study examined the hypothesis that asymmetrical morphology and leadership effectiveness would share a positive relationship. In this study participants who led a business game exercise, revealed a positive relationship between FA and self-reported well-being and task satisfaction. Importantly, there was also a positive correlation between the leader's FA score and group performance. The role that developmental stability may play in leadership effectiveness is discussed in the wider context of evolutionary psychology.