The merton thesis: Oetinger and German Pietism,a significant negative case

The Merton thesis identifies two movements — English Puritanism and German Pietism — as causally significant in the development of the scientific revolution of the 17th and 18th centuries. It attributes this connection to a strong compatibility between the values of ascetic Protestantism and those associated with modern science. This article questions Merton's conclusion regarding one of these movements, German Pietism, by arguing that the Pietist ethos stood in sharp conflict with what Merton has called the normative structure of science. One manifestation of this conflict involves Friedrich Oetinger's articulation of a contending religious-mystical conception of science, which assigned a central place to feeling, intuition, the role of the divine, and a qualitative approach to nature. This conception of science, it is argued, provides the clearest indication of the conceptual and valuative distance that tended to separate Pietists from the new science of the 17th and 18th centuries.An earlier version of this article was presented at the 1990 meeting of the Society for the Scientific Study of Religion, in Virginia Beach.     

Therapy for male couples experiencing relationship problems and sexual problems

This article examines four issues that need to be explored by the therapist as possible causes of stress for a male couple: stereotypic male roles, stereotypic sexual roles, homophobia, which includes the "coming out" process, and sexual dysfunctions. These issues can cause anxiety and stress, which may in turn cause relationship problems for a male couple. The role of the therapist is clarified and suggestions for treatment are given.     

工商管理学科领域"面向世界科学前沿问题"的凝炼机制探索

科技创新是促进国家发展的动力.要实现科技创新推动国家发展的战略目标,学术研究需要面向世界科学前沿,挑战前沿的科学难题,做出原创成果,实现创新引领.企业是国家实施创新驱动发展战略的主体.工商管理作为研究企业管理的学科,解决好本学科领域"面向世界科学前沿"的研究问题,有助于为我国企业创新提供理论指导,服务国家发展战略.然而,工商管理学科领域如何凝炼"面向世界科学前沿问题"是管理学者和管理实践者长期以来关注但未被解答的问题.本文旨在探索工商管理学科领域"面向世界科学前沿问题"的凝炼机制.借鉴工商管理学科领域59位资深专家的意见,探讨了"面向世界科学前沿问题"的内涵、选题要求、形成方法,并尝试整合出一套具有可操作性的凝炼方案.此外,本文阐述了"并联式"和"串联式"两种具体科学问题提出模式,以期为科研工作者提供一个能够形成聚焦的、对中国管理实践有帮助的、面向世界科学前沿的研究问题的方案.     

交通基础设施对城镇建设用地效益的影响——基于京津冀城市群的空间杜宾模型分析CSSCI

交通基础设施对区域产业和经济发展有重要影响,同时也可能带来跨区域的影响,即对经济增长的影响存在溢出效应。本文以京津冀城市群为研究对象,以交通基础设施和城镇建设用地效益为主要研究变量,在理论分析的基础上,利用空间杜宾模型对两者的影响关系进行实证研究。研究结果表明:(1)交通基础设施对城镇建设用地效益的影响随交通基础设施的发展水平而变化,呈现“倒U型”的变化关系;(2)交通基础设施对城镇建设用地效益的影响存在显著的空间溢出效应;(3)京津冀城市群交通基础设施的溢出效应在城市群的不同发展阶段和不同发展水平的城市中存在异质性,2014年以前表现为正向的溢出效应,而2014年后表现为负向的溢出效应,同时,北京和天津溢出效应的影响较大,而河北的溢出效应较小。     

Inefficiency of strategy-proof allocation mechanisms in pure exchange economies

In this paper I prove that in the standard model of 2×n (n2) pure exchange economies there is no allocation mechanism that is efficient, non-inversely-dictatorial, and strategy-proof. This strengthens two previous results on this subject by Hurwicz and by Dasgupta, Hammond, and Maskin.I thank Alvin Klevorick, William Thomson, and an anonymous referee of the journal for many helpful comments.     

潮剧舞台表演的美学特征

本文以丰富的潮剧舞台表演实例,探讨了潮剧舞台表演重视与观众交流,“和不承认存在第四道墙”的“梅氏体系”的美学特征,以及舞台表演艺术的程式化与技巧性的美学原则,力求从美学角度来透视潮剧舞台表演的特质。     

我国海洋国土可持续开发探讨

论述我国海洋国土开发的战略意义,阐明了我国海洋资源条件,开发现状及存在问题,提出了可持续开发的对策。     

Efficient Estimation of a Distribution Function under Quadrant Dependence

LetX₁,X₂, ..., be real-valued random variables forming a strictly stationary sequence, and satisfying the basic requirement of being either pairwise positively quadrant dependent or pairwise negatively quadrant dependent. LetF^ be the marginal distribution function of theX_ips, which is estimated by the empirical distribution functionF_n and also by a smooth kernel-type estimateF_n, by means of the segmentX₁, ...,X_n. These estimates are compared on the basis of their mean squared errors (MSE). The main results of this paper are the following. Under certain regularity conditions, the optimal bandwidth (in the MSE sense) is determined, and is found to be the same as that in the independent identically distributed case. It is also shown thatn MSE(F_n(t)) andnMSE (F^_n(t)) tend to the same constant, asn→∞ so that one can not discriminate be tween the two estimates on the basis of the MSE. Next, ifi(n) = min {k∈{1, 2, ...}; MSE (F_k(t)) ≤ MSE (F_n(t))}, then it is proved thati(n)/n tends to 1, asn→∞. Thus, once again, one can not choose one estimate over the other in terms of their asymptotic relative efficiency. If, however, the squared bias ofF^_n(t) tends to 0 sufficiently fast, or equivalently, the bandwidthh_n satisfies the requirement thatnh³_n→ 0, asn→∞, it is shown that, for a suitable choice of the kernel, (i(n) ?n)/(nh_n) tends to a positive number, asn→∞ It follows that the deficiency ofF_n(t) with respect toF^_n(t),i(n) ?n, is substantial, and, actually, tends to ∞, asn→∞. In terms of deficiency, the smooth estimateF^_n(t) is preferable to the empirical distribution functionF_n(t)     

牛心朴子草化学成分研究

从牛心朴子草中分得五个物质,据理化常数、波谱分析与文献对照鉴定为①二十六烷酸②三十烷酸③表赤杨醇④β－各甾醇⑤牡丹酚。其中①从牛心朴子草提取分离得到是首次报导。