许昌地区清真寺及其分布规律

许昌是河南回族人口较为集中之地,然对许昌回族来源、尤其是全市清真寺的统计和整理工作一直鲜有人涉及。本文从实地调查入手,参考了正史、地方史志及碑刻资料对回族和清真寺的记载,对民国以前的清真寺进行了统计整理。在传统史志的基础上,用文史资料以及清真寺存留的各时期碑刻材料相互印证,勾勒出元明以来许昌回族聚居及迁移的特点,指出蒙金三峰山之战是禹州回族肇始,明初洪武移民奠定了回族今日之分布格局。清真寺的修建和回族人口的分布关系密切,从清真寺始建年代和分布地点也侧面印证了许昌回族变迁的规律特点。     

媒体在国企“厂长负责制”试点决策中的助推作用探析

1980年代中国国营企业实行以"厂长负责制"为核心的管理体制改革,经历了一个较长时间的探索过程,其中,多种因素发挥了各自的作用。对此,运用美国政治学家约翰·W·金登的多源流理论进行分析可以清晰地看出,在问题源流、政治源流和政策源流经由汇合而打开"政策之窗"的过程中,新闻媒体在国家决策层做出试行"厂长负责制"决定中所发挥的推动作用。     

International doctoral students as knowledge brokers: reciprocity,trust and solidarity in transnational networks

In this article, we examine the role of brokerage, the knowledge that brokers transfer and the social conditions of that transfer. Previous research suggests that highly skilled migrants spanning multiple locales have the advantage of being able to transfer knowledge as they move from one place to another. In this study, using a network perspective, we look at the activities of international doctoral students in their transfer of knowledge and illustrate the underlying social conditions of knowledge transfer through transnational friendship networks. Using a qualitative methodology, we examine the research questions and 35 in‐depth interviews, as well as egocentric network analysis conducted in Germany. In the findings, we explore the social conditions of knowledge brokerage, including trust, reciprocity and solidarity. Finally, we discuss the implications for further research on knowledge sharing among brokers and international students.     

Four-stage process model of the core factors of burnout: the role of work stressors and work-related resources

The impact of work stressors and work-related resources on emotional exhaustion and depersonalization, as the two core factors of burnout, is investigated. According to the German Action Regulation Theory work stressors are conceptualized as regulation problems that lead to work stress in terms of additional effort (e.g. working longer hours), increased intensity of effort (e.g. working at a faster pace), and risky action (e.g. by neglecting safety rules). Consequently, an extended process model consisting of objective work stressors, work stress, emotional exhaustion and depersonalization is proposed. Nurses from three general hospitals (N=482) provided data for evaluating this model. Complete mediation of work stress and emotional exhaustion were analysed by hierarchical regression analysis. The overall model was tested by structural equation analysis in two steps; in the first step the basic model was analysed while in the second step the model was extended by autonomy as a work-related resource. The process model could be confirmed with respect to: (1) the mediating function of work stress and emotional exhaustion, and with regard to (2) the direct impact of autonomy as a work-related resource on work stressors but not on emotional exhaustion and depersonalization. Methodological considerations and implications for work design and burnout prevention are discussed.