This study investigated the effects of a pregroup motivational intervention for domestic abuse perpetrators. Men presenting for treatment at a community domestic violence agency (N = 108) were assigned to receive either a two-session intake using the techniques of motivational interviewing (MI) or a structured intake (SI) control. All participants were then referred to a cognitive behavioral treatment (CBT) program in groups homogeneous with respect to intake condition. The motivational intake led to more constructive in-session behavior during the early phase of group CBT, greater compliance with group CBT homework assignments, higher late session therapist ratings of the working alliance, and more help seeking outside of the domestic violence program. No significant effects of intake condition were found on session attendance, self-reports of readiness to change abusive behavior, or client reports of the working alliance. Partner reports of abusive behavior outcomes during the 6 months after group CBT revealed a marginal effect favoring the MI condition on physical assault. The findings suggest that motivational interviewing can increase receptivity to partner violence interventions. 相似文献
The purpose of this article was to examine the prevalence of, as well as risk factors for, revictimization by a new partner. Data was collected via face-to-face interviews at Time 1 (about 5 weeks after obtaining a protective order against a violent partner [DVO partner]) and at Time 2 (approximately 12 months later). Of those women who reported having a new partner at Time 2 (n = 412), 35.2% reported abuse. Findings indicate that there is a subset of women who are at greater risk of experiencing abuse by future partners: women with greater cumulative lifetime victimization and those who abuse or are dependent on illicit drugs. Intervening with women when they obtain a protective order is a critical point of intervention to reduce women's risk for revictimization. 相似文献
Comparative studies of social work are a neglected field, but demands for them are increasing.
These were the opening words of an interesting article by Anne Meeuwisse and Hans Swärd which was published in an earlier issue of this journal (Meeuwisse and Swärd 2007). In their article, Meeuwisse and Swärd discuss three ways of making cross-national comparisons of social work. These ways are comparisons based on models of social policy, profession-orientated comparisons and practice-orientated comparisons. Generally, these three ways of comparisons move from a macro-level to a micro-level and all three ways have their own strengths and weaknesses. Since the subject of my PhD study happens to be a cross-national comparative study of social work, I considered it insightful and relevant to illustrate my own research plan here. The aim in doing so is twofold. First, to contribute to the field of comparative studies of social work, which is a neglected field indeed; second, it is my hope that this article will yield useful reactions from readers. 相似文献
In this paper, we deal with the problem of finding quasi-independent sets in graphs. This problem is formally defined in three
versions, which are shown to be polynomially equivalent. The one that looks most general, namely, f-max quasi-independent set, consists of, given a graph and a non-decreasing function f, finding a maximum size subset Q of the vertices of the graph, such that the number of edges in the induced subgraph is less than or equal to f(|Q|). For this problem, we show an exact solution method that runs within time
O*(2\fracd-27/23d+1n)O^{*}(2^{\frac{d-27/23}{d+1}n}) on graphs of average degree bounded by d. For the most specifically defined γ-max quasi-independent set and k-max quasi-independent set problems, several results on complexity and approximation are shown, and greedy algorithms are proposed, analyzed and tested. 相似文献
We consider the transport of containers through a fleet of ships. Each ship has a capacity constraint limiting the total number of containers it can carry and each ship visits a given set of ports following a predetermined route. Each container has a release date at its origination port, and a due date at its destination port. A container has a size 1 or size 2; size 1 represents a 1 TEU (20‐foot equivalent unit) and size 2 represents 2 TEUs. The delivery time of a container is defined as the time when the ship that carries the container arrives at its destination port. We consider the problem of minimizing the maximum tardiness over all containers. We consider three scenarios with regard to the routes of the ships, namely, the ships having (i) identical, (ii) nested, and (iii) arbitrary routes. For each scenario, we consider different settings for origination ports, release dates, sizes of containers, and number of ports; we determine the computational complexity of various cases. We also provide a simple heuristic for some cases, with its worst case analysis. Finally, we discuss the relationship of our problems with other scheduling problems that are known to be open. 相似文献
The year 2000 marks the end of a tumultuous century in China's population history, which weathered the demographic effects of devastating famines, wars, and epidemics and population growth and change. This paper examines the effect of population policies on the demographic dilemmas of China. In the 1950s, China had seen the fastest demographic transition in history, with a dramatic decline in mortality rates, followed by a decrease in fertility rates. However, in the 1970s, revisions in population control measures, changes in age structure, and fluctuations in age at marriage resulted in lower fertility rates. The struggles encountered by China in regulating fertility are described; these include the different methods of birth control, gender preference, marriage, population aging, and minority populations. Population and development issues within the context of urbanization, employment, education, health care, economy, and environment are also discussed. Future implications of these findings indicate the need for a systematic, effective, and complete environmental clean-up, as well as fertility and population policies. 相似文献
The temporal fluctuation of water levels and the presence of mosquito larvae were investigated for four types of small container
habitats (treeholes, bamboo stumps, cemetery stone vases, and cemetery stone vessels) on Kabeshima Island in Kyushu, southwestern
Japan. The probability that containers held water was positively correlated with the quantity of the preceding rainfall and
with the depth and volume of the containers. It was estimated that dehydration occurred more regularly in autumn and winter
than in summer. The probability that mosquito larvae were present in each type of container was positively correlated with
habitat stability in terms of the probability of the existence of standing water and the coefficient of variation of the water
level. Twelve species of mosquito larvae, including two rare predators, were found. Species composition differed between the
different types of container. Although 4 to 10 species used each type of container, the median number of species per container
was two for treeholes and bamboo stumps, and one for the others. The dominant species wasTripteroides bambusa in treeholes and bamboo stumps,Aedes albopictus in stone vases, andA. japonicus in stone vessels. The larval mosquito community, which lacked major predators, possessed the following features that may
facilitate the coexistence of many species: (1) niche segregation amongst species in terms of their selection of container
types; (2) an aggregated distribution of the individual species among containers of the same type; (3) high intraspecific
mean crowding (and hence probably intense intraspecific competition) in the dominant species in each type of container; (4)
independent species associations within the same type of container; and (5) low interspecific mean crowding (and hence probablynot intense interspecific competition) between species in the same type of container. 相似文献