解构与全球化

解构不是一种主义 ,它是多重的。解构是面向世界或地球的思考 ,因而一开始就是一个世界性的事物 ,而且总是与某种语言联系在一起的 ,它的目的不是摧毁某种模式 ,而是对全球化进程中的 ,不同文化间争论的问题进行思考。主权问题是全球化市场关系中的一个大问题 ,既要在自由市场的经济竞争中谨慎地审视和解构对神学政治学意义上的主权意识的依恋 ,同时又要根据环境、发展阶段和独特的形势来支持它。当处于这种矛盾和冲突中时 ,人们必须作出决定 ,承担责任     

Integral citizen observatory of Los Cabos: popular participation conscious and competent

ABSTRACT

According to the United Nations data more than half of humanity lives today in the cities, but it is expected that in 2050 it could be almost 80% of the global population. That means a transformative role of cities at all levels in the coming decades. Participation and democracy in the twenty-first century must be promoted and practiced from the cities. A popular participation based on the observation, and also in an active participation within the management of the government can promote good governance where citizens can be empowered to achieve a higher level of democracy in our cities but also in our society. Currently therés an international standard on quality management in local government; ISO 18091:2014, it contains 39 indicators on public policies that local governments cannot stop attending. I would like to present in this article the success case of the Integral Citizen Observatory of Los Cabos (OCI Los Cabos) based on this international standard, as a model of smart citizens aware and competent. It has been such a good job that the incoming Mayor has included it in the actual Municipal Development Plan for Los Cabos 2015–2018, the diagnostic report data and the proposals of the Integral Citizen Observatory.     

(Re)Conceptualising inclusive education in New Zealand: listening to the hidden voices

This article explores the experiences of 14 students with severe and complex behaviour, their caregivers, and teachers/principals as the students transition from a disestablished residential school back to mainstream schools, with support from the Intensive Wraparound Service (IWS). Interviews were the primary source of data collection. Data were collated into 14 cases, and analysed using a general inductive approach. Two broad themes are addressed in the article: education and relationships/communication. The research found that the IWS is not living up to its rhetoric. Suggestions made for improvement are based on approaches that participants found worked for them.     

From susceptibility to frailty in social networks: The case of obesity

The obesity pandemic is represented by a discrete-time Hopfield Boolean network embedded in continuous-time population dynamics. The influence of the social environment passes through a system of differential equations, whereby obesity spreads by imitation of the most influential neighbors, those who have the highest centrality indices in the network. This property is called “homophily.” Susceptibility and frailty are redefined using network properties. Projections of the spread of obesity are validated on data collected in a French high school.     

Promoting responsible gambling via prevention messages: insights from the evaluation of actual European messages

Prevention messages are short sentences supposed to broadcast preventive intentions. Three types of messages are noticeable: messages correcting erroneous beliefs, messages informing about the risks and messages promoting responsible gambling. While the results in the literature about messages promoting results are alerting, they are frequently used in European prevention campaigns. The present study relied on language and semantics models to evaluate the communicative and preventive values of 14 messages: 7 were actual European prevention messages and 7 messages were created for the study. Overall, 339 participants answered an online questionnaire in which they evaluated the communicative value of one of the messages and then ranked all the messages according to their preventive level. Results showed that messages informing about the risks and messages correcting erroneous beliefs have a higher level of communicative value than messages promoting responsible gambling. Indeed, the latter are judged as more ambiguous and as less preventive than the two other types of messages. As models of conversational pragmatics suggest that ambiguous messages convey at least two interpretations, the article discusses the possibility that individuals comprehend these messages as incentives to control their impulses (prevention) and incentives to control the game (promotion).     

Shall we marry? Legal marriage as a commitment event in same-sex relationships

This study is a part of an exploratory study of 50 married and unmarried same-sex couples in Massachusetts conducted by the Wellesley Centers for Women following legalization of same-sex marriage in Massachusetts in 2004. This article examines whether and how legalization of same-sex marriage impacted same-sex partners' commitment to one another, presentation to others as a couple, and treatment as a couple by others. Roughly one-quarter of the couples studied chose not to mark their commitment with ceremonies of any kind, while nearly three-fourths of the couples had either commitment (non-legal) ceremonies, legal weddings, or both. While decisions to legally marry largely were based on gaining legal protections, unforeseen impacts on self and relationships with family, friends, and the larger society revealed multiple layers of meaning. Implications of the study for public policy and social change are discussed.     

Equilibrium,affinity, dissociation constants,IC5O: Facts and fantasies

The interaction between ligands and receptors is often described in terms of 50% inhibitory concentrations (IC50). However, IC50 values do not accurately reflect the dissociation constants (Kd), and the domain of application and precision of proposed approximations for Kd estimation are unclear. The effect of affinity and of experimental conditions on the differences between IC50 and Kd has been assessed from exact mass action law calculations and from computer simulations. Competitions between [¹¹¹In]DTPA‐indium and a few metal‐DTPA complexes for binding to a specific antibody are discussed as a practical example. Exact calculations of competition assays have been implemented in Microsoft Excel and performed for a variety of concentrations of receptor, tracer, and competitor. The results are identical to those of software packages. IC50 is found larger than Kd by less than 20% only when tracer concentration is small compared with Kd and to the receptor concentration and when this receptor concentration is small compared with Kd. Otherwise, Kd and IC50 may be very different and approximations proposed in the literature to obtain Kd values from graphically derived IC50 are not acceptable as soon as the concentrations of tracer or of receptor approach Kd. Under most experimental conditions, IC50 values do not reflect Kd values. Using available software packages to determine and report Kd values would allow for more meaningful comparisons of results obtained under different experimental conditions.     

Integration of immigrants in France: a historical perspective

This article seeks to identify the different factors that have facilitated or impeded the integration of immigrants in France from a historical perspective. Its aim is to shed light on the contemporary debates on the alleged failure of the republican integration model. First, we will show that – with the formation of the nation state – the integration of migrants was a constitutive element of the social cohesion of French society. Later, and during periods of xenophobia in particular, immigrants were classified according to their ability to assimilate into the French society. Since the 1970s, the double-barrelled integration question – concerning migrants and social cohesion – has reappeared. Within this context, the ‘colour-blind’ French republican model has been challenged, primarily from an economic perspective, not only by persistent social inequalities, but also, in its quintessence, by demands for cultural recognition. These factors have reinforced racial discrimination, the success of the populist extreme right and recurrent assimilation pressure.     

On distributional change,pro-poor growth and convergence

This paper proposes a unified approach to the measurement of distributional change. The framework is used to define indices of inequality in proportional growth rates, convergence, and pro-poorness of growth and associated equivalent growth rates. A distinction is made between non-anonymous and anonymous measures. The analysis is extended by using the notion of generalized Gini index. This unified approach is then implemented to study the link between income and other non-income characteristics, such as education and health. Empirical illustrations based on Indian data on individual educational achievements and on state wide infant survival levels highlight the usefulness of the proposed measures.