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41.
Birgit Sauer 《?sterreichische Zeitschrift für Soziologie》2006,31(2):54-76
Recent transformations of societies as well as the erosion of the fordist welfare compromise raise the question of a reformulated concept of work and labor in gender critical terms. Moreover, this new concept of labor should include the opportunity not only to organize labor in democratic ways but also that work enables for democratic behavior and action. The concept of “sociable work” suggests such a gender sensitive perspective. The article combines the two perspectives: the democratic organization of labor as well as the labor sensitive reorganisation of democratic institutions and practices. The article reviews recent feminist theories of democracies and analysis how these theories conceptualize labor, inequality and democracy. Moreover the article shows how and if these theories are able to include the reorganisation of labor as a prerequisite for democratization in gendered terms. 相似文献
42.
Becker B 《The British journal of sociology》2011,62(1):69-88
Children start school with differing levels of skills. Thus, children of different social origin have different probabilities of educational success right from the start of their school career. This paper analyses how the gap in language abilities of children with different social backgrounds develops from age three to five. A focus lies on the question whether pre-school education can help to close this gap. The data of the UK Millennium Cohort Study (MCS) show that children's score on a standardized vocabulary test strongly depends on their parents' education. These social differences remain stable or even increase slightly over the two-year period. Using fixed effect models, it is demonstrated that children of higher educated parents can improve their vocabulary more strongly than children whose parents have a lower educational level. Participation in an early education institution positively affects the vocabulary development of children with lower educated parents while there is no significant pre-school effect for children of higher educated parents. The results indicate that pre-school attendance does not lead to a catching-up process of children with lower educated parents. But without pre-school attendance, the gap between children of higher and lower educated parents widens even further. 相似文献
43.
We adopt a relational approach to examine the effects of social relations and formal structure on who speaks up to whom about problems at work. Data were collected in a two-wave employee survey in three Dutch preschools. Using exponential random graph modeling, we found significant positive effects of formal structure (recipient's hierarchical level; team co-membership) and good relations between speaker and recipient on the likelihood of voice in a dyad. Speaker's hierarchical level had positive effects, significant in Wave 1. Speaker's degree centrality significantly reduced the likelihood of voice, whereas recipient's degree centrality had no effect. 相似文献
44.
45.
Marinka A. C. T. Kuijpers Birgit Schyns Jaap Scheerens 《The Career development quarterly》2006,55(2):168-178
This article addresses the general question as to which competencies employees need to possess in order to engage in self‐management in their career development. The authors distinguished and operationalized 6 career factors and competencies of self‐management in career development. A quantitative study was performed using 1,579 employees in 16 Dutch companies to investigate the relationship between career competencies and career success. The results indicate that, among others, the factors career control and networking are strongly associated with career success. The results are discussed with respect to the facilitation organizations can provide for their employees' career actualization. 相似文献
46.
Birgit Debrabant 《统计学通讯:理论与方法》2013,42(19):3449-3467
Mixed Poisson processes are characterized by a well-known order statistic property: their occurrence times are distributed like ordinary uniform order statistics, given the state of the process at a certain time. We study a generalization of this property using a generalized model of ordered random variables, including a sequence of real parameters. 相似文献
47.
Shaw L Jacobs K Rudman D Magalhaes L Huot S Prodinger B Mandich A Hocking C Akande V Backman C Bossers A Bragg M Bryson M Cowls J Stone SD Dawe E Dennhardt S Dennis D Foster J Friesen M Galheigo S Gichuri J Hughes I Isaac A Jarus T Kinsella A Klinger L Leyshon R Lysaght R McKay E Orchard T Phelan S Ravenek M Rebeiro Gruhl K Robb L Stadnyk R Sumsion T Suto M 《Work (Reading, Mass.)》2012,41(4):369-377
48.
A field study in an automotive supply industry company was conducted to explore age-differentiated strain of assembly line workers. Subjective and objective data from 23 female workers aged between 27 and 57 years were collected at the workplace belt buckle assembly during morning shifts. Subjects with medication or chronic diseases affecting heart rate and breath rate were excluded. For subjective data generation different questionnaires were used. Before the Work Ability Index and the Munich Chronotype Questionnaire were completed by the subjects. Short questionnaires (strain-ratings, NASA-TLX) directly at begin and end of the work were used for obtaining shift-related data. During the whole shift (6 a.m. - 2.45 p.m.) bodily functions were logged with a wireless chest strap. In addition, the motion of the hand-arm-system was recorded for 30 times, 3 minutes each after a fixed time-schedule. First results show that younger subjects need significant less time for assembly (mean = 14.940 s) compared to older subjects (mean = 17.040 s; t(472.026) = -9.278 , p < 0.01). 相似文献
49.
Julia Tuppat Birgit Becker 《KZfSS K?lner Zeitschrift für Soziologie und Sozialpsychologie》2014,66(2):219-241
This article analyses the effect of a Turkish migration background on the risk of delayed school entry. Besides the social background, we control general and host country specific individual skill levels of the child. We assume that children’s individual skills can affect the school entry decision both directly and indirectly. We use data of the longitudinal project “Preschool education and educational careers among migrant children” (German acronym ESKOM VG). About 500 German parents and 500 Turkish-origin parents were interviewed in this study. Standardized developmental tests were conducted with the children in various domains. We find that the Turkish migration background does not have an independent effect on the probability of delayed school entry when the social background and individual skills are controlled. We furthermore disentangle the indirect effect of the Turkish migration background using the khb method. The results indicate that mathematic skills and cultural knowledge have the largest contribution on this indirect effect. 相似文献
50.
Birgit Brauer 《Transition Studies Review》2007,14(1):188-194
Kazakhstan's economic performance over the past six years has been impressive. Yet, a number of challenges remain. This paper
discusses the management of oil revenues, the oil infrastructure, and the development of the oil and nonoil sectors of the
economy. 相似文献