Market Embeddedness and Corporate Instability: The Ecology of Inter-industrial Networks

This paper studies the effect of inter-industrial control on the survival of Israeli firms. It examines how relationsbetweenenvironments modify relationswithinenvironments. More specifically, this paper studies how the social organization of the competition at the aggregate level (industry) affects outcomes at the individual (firm) level. Using trade data and national accounts statistics, we specify and test the hypothesis that an industry's corporate instability is negatively associated with its social capital (comprised from its market embeddedness and political embeddedness). Our findings show that industry's corporate instability within industries is associated with the industry's structural embeddedness in the network of input–output transactions, the degree of control it has over its external transactions, and its political leverage.     

On the superposition of overlapping Poisson processes and nonparametric estimation of their intensity function

It is shown that, when measuring time in the Total Time on Test scale, the superposition of overlapping realizations of a nonhomogeneous Poisson process is also a Poisson process and is sufficient for inferential purposes. Hence, many nonparametric procedures which are available when only one realization is observed can be easily extended for the overlapping realizations setup. These include, for instance, the constrained maximum likelihood estimator of a monotonic intensity and bootstrap confidence bands based on Kernel estimates of the intensity. The kernel estimate proposed here performs the smoothing in the Total Time on Test scale and it is shown to behave approximately as a usual kernel estimate but with a variable bandwidth which is inversely proportional to the number of realizations at-risk. Likewise, bootstrap samples can be obtained from the single realization of the superimposed process. The methods are illustrated using a real data set consisting of the failure histories of 40 electrical power transformers.     

Cognitive and socioemotional skills and wages: the role of latent abilities on the gender wage gap in Peru

Review of Economics of the Household - The literature provides evidence on the positive connection between cognitive test scores and higher wages. Fewer and newer studies have explored the...