关于隐性采访与新闻侵权的法律探讨

隐性采访不仅能真实地采访到用公开方式难以获得的新闻素材 ,将社会丑恶现象曝光 ,而且能最大限度地满足公众知悉社会真实情况的需要 ,充分发挥新闻的舆论监督功能。然而随着隐性采访的增加 ,新闻纠纷与新闻诉讼也随之增多 ,有的记者或因运用不当、或因滥用隐性采访而被告上法庭 ,甚至被判决赔偿精神损害。因此 ,正确认识隐性采访 ,对其进行法理分析 ,把握好隐性采访的度显得尤为重要。     

低温外科手术器械的现状和展望

本文从工程应用角度出发,综述了目前使用的各种低温外科手术器械的性能特点和适用场合。以当前使用最普遍的LN_2式冷疗仪为例对其原理、结构作了简要说明,着重指出其制造的关键和存在的不足,并对冷疗仪的进一步发展作了展望。     

PREDICTING MARITAL SUCCESS FOR PREMARITAL COUPLE TYPES BASED ON PREPARE

Recent studies have shown that group differences in marital stability and satisfaction can be predicted based on premarital relationship quality. There is also a growing literature indicating that there are distinct types of relationships, both premaritally and developmentally over time. This study examined the relationship between the four premarital types (Vitalized, Harmonious, Traditional, and Conflicted) identified by Fowers and Olson (1992) and relationship outcome over a 3-year period with 393 couples. A substantial relationship was found, with conflicted couples being the most likely to separate or divorce. Vitalized couples had the highest levels of satisfaction, followed by Harmonious, Traditional, and Conflicted couples. Traditional couples were less likely to have divorced than Harmonious couples, even though Harmonious couples had higher premarital relationship satisfaction scores.     

Scheduling Updates of Probabilistic Risk Assessments: The Arkansas Nuclear One-Unit 1 Experience

This paper presents the results of a study that identified how often a probabilistic risk assessment (PRA)should be updated to accommodate the changes that take place at nuclear power plants. Based on a 7-year analysis of design and procedural changes at one plant, we consider 5 years to be the maximum interval for updating PRAs. This conclusion is preliminary because it is based on the review of changes that occurred at a single plant, and it addresses only PRAs that involve a Level 1 analysis (i.e., a PRA including calculation of core damage frequency only). Nevertheless, this conclusion indicates that maintaining a useful PRA requires periodic updating efforts. However, the need for this periodic update stems only partly from the number of changes that can be expected to take place at nuclear power plants–changes that individually have only a moderate to minor impact on the PRA, but whose combined impact is substantial and necessitates a PRA update. Additionally, a comparison of two generations of PRAs performed about 5 years apart indicates that PRAs must be periodically updated to reflect the evolution of PRA methods. The most desirable updating interval depends on these two technical considerations as well as the cost of updating the PRA. (Cost considerations, however, were beyond the scope of this study.)     

陈望道美学思想探源

陈望道的美学思想在中国近现代美学发展史上占有独特而重要的位置。在西方、传统、现代三方会谈的文化语境中 ,陈望道立足于马克思主义 ,建构起科学前瞻的美学体系 ,成为我国比较系统地勾勒出现代美学基本理论框架的第一人     

Potential exposures and risks from beryllium-containing products.

Beryllium is the strongest of the lightweight metals. Used primarily in military applications prior to the end of the Cold War, beryllium is finding new applications in many commercial products, including computers, telecommunication equipment, and consumer and automotive electronics. The use of beryllium in nondefense consumer applications is of concern because beryllium is toxic. Inhalation of beryllium dust or vapor causes a chronic lung disease in some individuals at concentrations as low as 0.01 microg/m3 in air. As beryllium enters wider commerce, it is prudent to ask what risks this might present to the general public and to workers downstream of the beryllium materials industry. We address this question by evaluating the potential for beryllium exposure from the manufacturing, use, recycle, and disposal of beryllium-containing products. Combining a market study with a qualitative exposure analysis, we determine which beryllium applications and life cycle phases have the largest exposure potential. Our analysis suggests that use and maintenance of the most common types of beryllium-containing products do not result in any obvious exposures of concern, and that maintenance activities result in greater exposures than product use. Product disposal has potential to present significant individual risks, but uncertainties concerning current and future routes of product disposal make it difficult to be definitive. Overall, additional exposure and dose-response data are needed to evaluate both the health significance of many exposure scenarios, and the adequacy of existing regulations to protect workers and the public. Although public exposures to beryllium and public awareness and concern regarding beryllium risks are currently low, beryllium risks have psychometric qualities that may lead to rapidly heightened public concern.     

论民商事法律冲突的内涵

冲突法学者将法律冲突界定为民商事法律冲突 ,继而又把民商事法律冲突归结为民商事法律适用冲突。事实上 ,民商事法律冲突不等于民商事法律适用冲突。民商事法律冲突是不同法域的民商事法律之间相互抵触、相互冲撞的社会现象 ,是民商实体法冲突、冲突法冲突、程序法冲突的三位一体。     

Assessing reoffense risk with juvenile sexual offenders

This article summarizes a two-year study of juvenile sexual offenders in Washington. Both community-based and institution-based treatment programs were evaluated. A typical profile of the juvenile sexual offender is offered, as well as recidivism data from a mean 20-month follow-up period.