Women with Disabilities: Two Handicaps Plus

In the USA, women with disabilities participate less in social relations, educational institutions, and the labor force than expected on the basis of male/female and male non-disabled/disabled disparities. The resulting isolation appears to be linked with attributional, nurturance and attractiveness norms within the American socio-cultural system as well as to self-image and role selection components of the women's self-concepts. Participation, the socio-cultural system, and the self-concepts are viewed schematically as elements in a triangular relationship of circular causation.     

Numerical estimation of a probability measure

An iterative solution to the problem of maximizing a concave functional ø defined on the set of all probability measures on a topological space is considered. Convergence of this procedure and a rapidly converging algorithm are studied. Computational aspects of this algorithm along with the ones developed earlier by Wynn, Fedorov, Atwood, Wu and others are provided. Examples discussed are taken from the area of mixture likehoods and optimal experimental design.     

Validation of the theory: satisfaction with time-delimited daily occupations

OBJECTIVES: This study examines the construct validity of the theory Satisfaction with time-delimited daily occupations (STO). The outcome of STO concerns how individuals perceive their occupational health status and to what degree the individuals experience satisfaction with their performance of time-delimited daily occupations. DESIGN: The "known-groups technique" was used for discriminating the occupational health status among four groups (n = 147) of full-time workers or sick-listed participants. A mailed ActivityLog-sheet was used for recording their occupational health 24 times during 24 hours. The computerized program ActivityLog was used for data registration. The data analysis were accounted by ANOVA, Tukey's HSD test with significance level of p < 0,05 using the SPSS program. RESULTS: The occupational health status did not differ significantly among the four groups, but the number of records concerning work (p = 0,00) and care (p = 0,02) time-delimited daily occupations were significantly different. The patterns of occupational health status during the 24-hour-records were visually separated for the four groups. CONCLUSION: There is need for refining the STO theory and then for undertaking further investigations of the STO construct validity.     

Economic development and ecological equilibrium—A target conflict in modern industrial enterprises

The increased utilization of natural resources burdens the economic systems of the whole world. In order to stop, or at any rate to mitigate, the consequences of this development anti-pollution measures are necessary. Planned and realized standards are to a growing extent important for the formulation of strategies which influence the product concepts and production procedures as well as locational decisions of companies. The conflict between economic development and ecological balance can only be solved if the social groups reach a consensus on the priorities of the tasks to be accomplished.     

Gedanken zum Charisma-Diskurs in der Führungsforschung Braucht die Unternehmensführung Kompetenz in Zwischenmenschlichkeit oder Charisma?

Considerations on Charisma in Leadership research An African caravan leader as described in an ethnological report corresponds in no ways to Western ideals of a leader with eloquence and brightness. What is now the structure of leading and being led? Philosophical, sociological and psychological ideas are discussed in trying to answer to the question. Max Weber’s notion of power (today leadership) contains, among others, the concept of charisma, which he describes explicitly as being “outside of economy”. Therefore, the application of the enigmatic term of charisma is questionable. It is recommended to refer to group dynamics as a whole rather than applying selected concepts of psychoanalysis, such as narcissism, in order to understand and describe interaction in leadership of companies and institutions.     

Editorial

Ohne Zusammenfassung

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Editorial