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461.
462.
Arjen van Assen Wendy Post Hans Grietens Jana Knot-Dickscheit 《Child & Family Social Work》2023,28(2):321-336
Studies investigating services for families experiencing complex and multiple problems have emphasized the need for more child-centred support. The aim of this longitudinal study was to investigate whether providing child-centred services (Child and Youth Coaching) combined with family-focused services (Ten for the Future) is effective for children growing up in families experiencing complex and multiple problems. Children's psychosocial skills, emotional and behavioural problems, and the quality of their pedagogical environment were measured at baseline, 6 months and 12 months. Parent and coach reports of children indicated for Child and Youth Coaching (n = 57) and nonindicated children (n = 18) were analysed using repeated measures multilevel models. Both parents and coaches reported improved psychosocial skills of children, but changes were only significant for coach reports. In both reports, no significant decrease in emotional and behavioural problems was observed for both indicated and nonindicated children. Many children still experienced considerable problems at case closure. Furthermore, no significant improvement in quality of the pedagogical environment was observed in both groups. Given the limitations in this study, more research is needed to identify whether these findings can be replicated and attributed to the Child and Youth Coaching and Ten for the Future programmes. 相似文献
463.
A method for constructing copulas with given diagonal and opposite diagonal sections is presented. It makes use of a recently developed method for constructing cross-copulas with given horizontal and vertical sections. Conditions guaranteeing the existence of a cross-copula with the given diagonal and opposite diagonal sections are derived. It is shown how the new method facilitates the construction of families of copulas that simultaneously model tail dependences of upper-upper, upper-lower, lower-lower and lower-upper type. 相似文献
464.
We consider the least squares estimation of a linear regression model in transformed variables from a data set that has been microaggregated by means of the individual ranking method. It is shown that the least squares estimators are consistent even in the case where variable transformations are carried out after microaggregation. Applying individual ranking techniques to a data set thus guarantees the analytical validity of the microaggregated data for a wide class of statistical models. 相似文献
465.
Hans Frick 《统计学通讯:理论与方法》2013,42(4):1021-1029
For stochastic ordering tests for normal distributions there exist two well known types of tests. One of them is based on the maximum likelihood ratio principle, the other is the most stringent somewhere most powerful test of Schaafsma and Smid(for a comprehensive treatment see Robertson, Wright and Dykstra(1988), for the latter test also Shi and Kudo(1987)). All these tests are in general numerically tedious. Wei, Lachin(1984)and particularly Lachin(1992)formulate a simple and easily computable test. However, it is not known so far for which sort of ordered alternatives his test is optimal In this paper it is shown that his procedure is a maxmin test for reasonable subalternatives, provided the covariance matrix has nonnegative row sums. If this property is violated then his procedure can be altered in such a manner that the resul ting test again is a maxmin test. An example is glven where the modified procedure even in the least favourable case leads to a nontrifling increase in power. The fact that Lachins test resp. the modified version are maxmin tests on appropriate subalternatives amounts to the property that they are maxmin tests on subhypotheses which are relevant in practical applications. 相似文献
466.
ABSTRACT: Manpower requirement forecasts are usually based on the assumption that discrepancies between supply and demand do not lead to adjustment processes at the labour market. We show, however, that even if the market mechanism functions completely, manpower requirement forecasts remain important information. On this basis, a manpower requirement approach is developed which incorporates the possibility of substitution processes at the labour market. 相似文献
467.
Abstract. This study has been carried out by the Research Centre for Education and Labour Market (ROA) as part of a long-range research project commissioned by the Ministry of Education and Sciences. The objective of the project is to develop an education/labour-market information system to help secondary and university students choose the right type of school and/or occupation (ROA 1988). The study reported on here sets out to disclose the factors underlying the development of the occupational pattern. The shares of occupational classes in each economic sector are taken as points of departure. The explanatory variables are technological progress and cyclical and structural sectoral developments. For each occupational class, an estimation is made with the help of a linear model, the estimation method being that of Weighted Least Squares. To permit several variables to be included in the equation, the data have been pooled over sectors and time. In two fifths of all cases, a model with explanatory variables has been chosen; in the remaining instances a sector-dummy model was found to suffice. 相似文献
468.
Hans Gersbach 《Journal of the European Economic Association》2009,7(6):1436-1469
We introduce democratic mechanisms as a set of rules that must obey liberal democracy's fundamental principles of equal voting and agenda rights. We show that an appropriate combination of three rules may yield efficient provision of public projects: first, flexible and double majority rules, where the size of the majority depends on the proposal, and taxed and non‐taxed individuals need to support the proposal; second, flexible agenda costs, where the agenda‐setter has to pay a certain amount of money if his proposal does not generate enough supporting votes; third, a ban on subsidies. We highlight that universal equal treatment with regard to taxation is undesirable. Finally, we illustrate how simple constitutions involving fixed super majority rules yield socially desirable outcomes if the agenda‐setter is benevolent. (JEL: D62, D72, H40) 相似文献