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Alex C. Michalos Heather Creech Christina McDonald P. Maurine Hatch Kahlke 《Social indicators research》2011,100(3):391-413
Celebrating the UN Decade of Education for Sustainable Development (2005–2014), this paper presents results of two exploratory
surveys taken in the province of Manitoba, Canada in January to March 2008. A random sample of 506 adults completed a mailed
out questionnaire designed to measure respondents’ knowledge, attitudes and behaviours concerning the basic themes of the
UN Decade. In the same period, a convenience sample of 294 students in grades 6–12 in four schools was surveyed based on a
simplified version of the same questionnaire. Using these two datasets, we constructed somewhat crude standardized tests and
showed that for students and adults, having attitudes favourable to ESD/SD is relatively more influential than age, levels
of education and knowledge for behaviours favourable to ESD/SD. The differences are that (1) gender was most influential for
the student samples, while favourable attitudes were most influential for the adult samples; and (2) while attitudes were
practically equally influential to knowledge (though numerically more influential) for the student sample, attitudes were
vastly more influential than education for the adult samples. 相似文献
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This paper examines the development of BusinessProcess Reengineering (BPR). Misconceptionsand misapplications of the BPR Concept arediscussed using higher education as an example. The authors stress that empowerment andautonomy are the true cornerstones ofeffectiveness in genuine reengineering efforts. Several examples of BPR's correct applicationsare then illustrated. 相似文献
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Using data from the MRC National Survey of Health and Development (the British 1946 birth cohort), we take a life course approach with a sociology of mental health framework to examine the relationship between adolescent affect and adult social integration. The results suggest that being observed as anxious or sad in adolescence has long-term effect on adult social integration. These associations are not explained by adult mental health or socioeconomic status, for the most part. The results demonstrate support for social selection processes between adolescent mental health and adult social outcomes and suggest a disparate effect of type of adolescent affect on adult social outcomes. 相似文献
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Alex C. Michalos P. Maurine Hatch Dawn Hemingway Loraine Lavallee Anne Hogan Bev Christensen 《Social indicators research》2007,84(2):127-158
Replicating a survey of 875 people 55 years old or more undertaken in September 1999 throughout the former Northern Interior
Health Region (NIHR) of British Columbia, in September 2005 a sample of 656 people completed a 22-page questionnaire. The
average age of the respondents was 68, with a range running from 55 to 96 years, and 64% were women. Responses to the SF-36
questionnaire indicated that for male respondents aged 55–64, the mean score for the 8 dimensions was 76.1. This mean was
a bit higher than the 74.4 mean of 1999. For male respondents aged 65 and older the mean was 69.0, which was also higher than
the 68.3 mean of 1999. For females aged 55–64, the mean score for 8 dimensions was 73.1, versus 73.0 in 1999. For female respondents
aged 65 and older, the mean score was 67.0, versus 65.4 in 1999. Based on these mean scores for the 8 dimensions, then, it
is fair to say that the overall health status of males and females aged 55 years and older in the region in 2005 was at least
as good as (i.e., the same as or better than) that in 1999. Comparing 28 average figures for the 2005 respondents on satisfaction
with specific domains of life (e.g., financial security, health, sense of meaning) and three global indicators (satisfaction
with life as a whole and with the overall quality of life, and happiness) with those of the 1999 respondents, we found that
the scores for the 2005 sample were at least as high as those of the other sample. Thus, it seems fair to say that the perceived
quality of life of older people in the former NIHR so far as it is revealed in domain and global satisfaction and happiness
scores, is at least as good as the perceived quality of life of a similar sample in 1999. Although a large majority perceived
increases in crime in the 2 year periods prior to both surveys, smaller percentages of the 2005 sample than of the 1999 sample
thought that crime had increased over the past two years, avoided going out at night, feared for their safety, had crime-related
worries, engaged in crime-related defensive behaviours and were actually the victims of any crimes. Therefore, it seems fair
to say that, so far as crime-related issues are concerned for the two samples of seniors responding to our surveys, there
is more evidence of improvement than of deterioration. Applying stepwise multiple regression, each of the eight dependent
variables was explained on the basis of four clusters of predictors separately and then a final regression was run using only
the statistically significant predictors from the four clusters. Broadly speaking, 7 SF-36 health status scales explained
from 28% to 45% of the variance in the 8 dependent variables, running from satisfaction with the overall quality of life (28%)
to the single item measure of general health (45%). The seven predictors in the Social Relations cluster explained from 7%
of the variance in the SF-36 General Health scale scores to 57% of the variance in the Life Satisfaction scores. The four
predictors in the Problems cluster explained from 10% of the variance in the SF-36 General Health scale scores to 24% of the
variance in the SWLS scores. The 11 predictors in the Domain Satisfaction cluster explained from 14% of the variance in the
SF-36 General Health scale scores to 64% of the variance in the SWB scores. Putting all the significant predictors together
for each dependent variable, in the weakest case, 4 of 11 potential predictors explained 33% of the variance in the SF-36
General Health scale scores and in the strongest case, 9 of 15 potential predictors explained 70% of the variance in Life
Satisfaction scores. Among other things, these results clearly show that respondents’ ideas about a generally healthy life
are different from, but not independent of, their ideas about a happy, satisfying or contented life, or about the perceived
quality of their lives or their subjective wellbeing. Finally, the 7 core discrepancy predictors of MDT plus incomes were
used to explain the eight dependent variables. From 13% of the variance in the SF-36 General Health scale scores to 57% of
the variance in SWLS scores was explained using those predictors. Based on an examination of the Total Effects scores for
the predictors of the 8 dependent variables, the most influential predictors were Self-Wants, followed by Self-Others and
then Self-Best. In other words, the most influential discrepancy predictors of respondents’ overall life assessments were
those between what respondents have versus what they want, followed by what they have versus what others of the same age and
sex have, and then by what they have versus the best they ever had in the past.
We would like to thank the Social Sciences and Humanities Research Council of Canada for support of this research with funds
granted to Alex C. Michalos through the Gold Medal Award in 2004. 相似文献