川西新农村住宅适应性研究的启示

以小城镇发展的需要、旧有建筑的改造使用及旅游小城镇的开发与利用三个方面的适应性为分析基础,通过对川西地区大邑县街坊式新农村的住宅建设、龙泉驿"农家乐"山庄、柳江老街10号及三圣乡改造利用实例的实地调研,得出住宅必须适应居住者需求变化的结论,力求对滇西旅游小城镇的开发与建设有一定的借鉴和指导意义.     

Effective Recruitment for Parenting Programs Within Ethnic Minority Communities

This article describes the results of a demonstration project which focused on exploring recruitment and retention of ethnic minority families to a parent training program aimed to prevent substance abuse among their children. The Parenting for Drug-Free Children project sought to deliver a curriculum to parents from several ethnic groups in an urban setting. The targeted ethnic communities were African American, Latino, Native American, and Samoan. The project successfully recruited diverse groups of families to participate in a drug prevention program, many of whom had never participated before in a parenting program. The identification of key individuals for recruiting and accessing networks of potential participants proved to be an effective means of recruitment.     

Marital Sentiment Override: Does It Influence Couples' Perceptions?

This study investigated the effects of spouses' global sentiments (i.e., their marital bonds) on spouses' perceptions of their partners' specific affects. Ninety‐six newlywed couples participated in the study. Positive or negative sentiment override was indicated when spouse ratings of specific affects differed from the coding of objective coders. For both positive affect and low‐intensity negative affect, wives' marital bond predicted their ratings of their husbands' affect. In addition, there was evidence for positive sentiment override when wives rated husbands' low‐intensity negative affect. As predicted, neither husbands nor wives were influenced by sentiment override when rating their spouses' high‐intensity negative affects. These results suggest that marital bond serves as a perceptual filter through which wives evaluate their husbands' behavior.     

Electronic Journal Forum: Defining an “Access Level” Catalog Record Using MARC 21 and AACR2

Abstract

The Library of Congress (LC) is in the process of developing a new level of MARC 21 and AACR2 cataloging for non-serial Internet resources called “access” level. This article briefly describes the impetus behind the creation of this new standard, information about the proposed standard itself, and the results of a test conducted at LC using the core data set and cataloging guidelines. The future plans of the Library for implementing and possibly expanding the use of access level are identified.     

Design catalogue for eco-engineering of coastal artificial structures: a multifunctional approach for stakeholders and end-users

Urban Ecosystems - Coastal urbanisation, energy extraction, food production, shipping and transportation have led to the global proliferation of artificial structures within the coastal and marine...     

An Interview with Jean Hirons,CONSER Coordinator

Abstract

Jean Hirons, Cooperative Online Serials (CONSER) Coordinator, retired June 30 from the Library of Congress after a career of over thirty years in libraries. Jean plans to begin a new career as a pastel painter. I spoke to Jean in May 2003 to get her views on CONSER's role in developing standards for cataloging electronic resources. Serials Review 2003; 29:233–236.     

Statistical considerations in bioequivalence of two area under the concentration–time curves obtained from serial sampling data

In this paper, we study the bioequivalence (BE) inference problem motivated by pharmacokinetic data that were collected using the serial sampling technique. In serial sampling designs, subjects are independently assigned to one of the two drugs; each subject can be sampled only once, and data are collected at K distinct timepoints from multiple subjects. We consider design and hypothesis testing for the parameter of interest: the area under the concentration–time curve (AUC). Decision rules in demonstrating BE were established using an equivalence test for either the ratio or logarithmic difference of two AUCs. The proposed t-test can deal with cases where two AUCs have unequal variances. To control for the type I error rate, the involved degrees-of-freedom were adjusted using Satterthwaite's approximation. A power formula was derived to allow the determination of necessary sample sizes. Simulation results show that, when the two AUCs have unequal variances, the type I error rate is better controlled by the proposed method compared with a method that only handles equal variances. We also propose an unequal subject allocation method that improves the power relative to that of the equal and symmetric allocation. The methods are illustrated using practical examples.     

Do union organizing activities affect decertification?

This paper tests the hypothesis that unions face a trade-off between retaining organized units and organizing new bargaining units. Using cost-benefit analysis, a model is developed which examines the impact of representation elections on the level of decertification activity for the period 1948 to 1979. The results indicate that as unions increase their efforts to organize more employees, they trade-off a loss of membership through decertification. The shift of resources from servicing existing units to organizing new units causes a sufficient change in the benefit/cost ratio for employees to result in loss of union certification.     

Counselor Involvement in Marriage and Family Counseling*

Using a communications framework, a rationale is suggested for determining when a counselor's use of four basic communication styles is likely to be helpful, neutral, or harmful. High disclosure counselor styles are generally seen to be less harmful than may have been previously supposed. Counselor involvement in the style of the high disclosure speech, which conveys an attitude of openness to the clients' reality, is seen as the most. effective form of confrontation. Withholding self by failing to use high disclosure styles, especially in the presence of high rapport, is considered less than satisfactory counselor activity     

Pathways from physical childhood abuse to partner violence in young adulthood

Analyses investigated several competing hypotheses about developmental pathways from childhood physical abuse and early aggression to intimate partner violence (IPV) for young adult males and females at age 24. Potential intervening variables included: adolescent violence (age 15 to 18), negative emotionality at age 21, and quality of one's relationship with an intimate partner at age 24. At the bivariate level, nearly all variables were associated in the expected directions. However, tests of possible intervening variables revealed only a few significant results. For males, a strong direct effect of abuse on later partner violence was maintained in each model. For females, the quality of one's relationship with an intimate partner did appear to mediate the effect of childhood abuse on later violence to a partner, raising the possibility of gender differences in developmental pathways linking abuse to IPV. Implications with regard to prevention are discussed.