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991.
Ester Carolina Apesoa-Varano 《Qualitative sociology》2007,30(3):249-274
This article examines the formation of occupational identity in a nursing program. The normative and ideological dimensions
of this process are revealed in the program’s goals and the views of educators and students through qualitative data from
observations and 30 in-depth interviews. Educators seek to socialize students toward professionalism to raise the occupation’s
status by emphasizing the scientific and technical basis of nursing. Yet students uphold a gendered discourse by identifying
a normative dimension of caring as central to their occupational identity. The dilemma between professionalism and caring
is reconciled as students construct an occupational identity based on “educated caring,” where these two dimensions are equally
valuable and significant.
Ester Carolina Apesoa-Varano is a Ph.D. candidate in the Department of Sociology at the University of California, Davis. Her areas of interest include work, occupations, and professions, medical sociology, gender, and inequality. She is currently working on her dissertation, entitled “Medicine and Caring: Healthcare Providers at Work.” Her previous research focused on a historical analysis of ideologies in the official publication of a large nursing organization. In 2004, a version of her qualifying paper “A Professional Project: Science, Caring, and Ideology in a Baccalaureate Nursing Program” was awarded the Graduate Student Paper Award from the Carework Network (an American Sociological Association affiliate organization). In 2004 she also co-authored with Charles Varano an article entitled “Nurses and Labor Activism in the United States: The Role of Class, Gender, and Ideology,” published in a special issue of Social Justice. 相似文献
Ester Carolina Apesoa-VaranoEmail: |
Ester Carolina Apesoa-Varano is a Ph.D. candidate in the Department of Sociology at the University of California, Davis. Her areas of interest include work, occupations, and professions, medical sociology, gender, and inequality. She is currently working on her dissertation, entitled “Medicine and Caring: Healthcare Providers at Work.” Her previous research focused on a historical analysis of ideologies in the official publication of a large nursing organization. In 2004, a version of her qualifying paper “A Professional Project: Science, Caring, and Ideology in a Baccalaureate Nursing Program” was awarded the Graduate Student Paper Award from the Carework Network (an American Sociological Association affiliate organization). In 2004 she also co-authored with Charles Varano an article entitled “Nurses and Labor Activism in the United States: The Role of Class, Gender, and Ideology,” published in a special issue of Social Justice. 相似文献
992.
This qualitative study examined the experiences of alternative school students as they participated in a mindfulness skills program. A 7-month school-based mindfulness skills program was integrated into the Grade 10 curriculum for high school students (N = 19; 10 boys and 9 girls, ages 15–17). Students engaged in mindfulness practices twice weekly during class time. Students practiced breath awareness, and seated, walking, and lying mindfulness meditation during the course of the program. Students completed initial and final questionnaires about their experiences as well as written journal entries based on their experiences in the program. At the completion of the program, 14 of the 19 program completers were interviewed (6 boys and 8 girls). Data analysis yielded two broad areas of perceived benefits of participation in the mindfulness skills program: intrapersonal benefits and interpersonal benefits. Intrapersonal benefits included themes of self-awareness and self-regulation (including cognition, emotions, and behavior). Interpersonal benefits included themes of building relationships (with peers, family members, and teachers) and learning to trust. These findings may be useful when planning school-based mindfulness programs and may serve as a guide for researchers studying mindfulness practices for youth. 相似文献
993.
994.
Roger P. Harrie Paul Christopher Harrie 《Child and Adolescent Social Work Journal》2016,33(3):273-277
The purpose of this study was to determine the number of residents requiring corrective lenses in a youth detention center for juveniles from 12 to 18 years old over a 2-year period. A greater number of adolescents incarcerated for criminal activity in a detention center had uncorrected refractive errors (34.87 %) as compared to a comparable population in the public school system (22 %). The prevalence of significant refractive errors among incarcerated adolescents in this study is significantly higher than has been reported previously. The current study found a refractive error rate of almost 35 %. This difference can be explained by a number of factors in their social environments and identifies an area for potential intervention to reduce antisocial behavior in this population. 相似文献
995.
Elisa Perrone Andreas Rappold Werner G. Müller 《Statistical Methods and Applications》2017,26(3):403-418
Optimum experimental design theory has recently been extended for parameter estimation in copula models. The use of these models allows one to gain in flexibility by considering the model parameter set split into marginal and dependence parameters. However, this separation also leads to the natural issue of estimating only a subset of all model parameters. In this work, we treat this problem with the application of the \(D_s\)-optimality to copula models. First, we provide an extension of the corresponding equivalence theory. Then, we analyze a wide range of flexible copula models to highlight the usefulness of \(D_s\)-optimality in many possible scenarios. Finally, we discuss how the usage of the introduced design criterion also relates to the more general issue of copula selection and optimal design for model discrimination. 相似文献
996.
Group testing, sometimes called pooling design, has been applied to a variety of problems such as blood testing, multiple
access communication, coding theory, among others. Recently, screening experiments in molecular biology has become the most
important application. In this paper, we review several models in this application by focusing on decoding, namely, giving
a comparative study of how the problem is solved in each of these models. 相似文献
997.
Linda Hermer-Vazquez 《Journal of Combinatorial Optimization》2008,15(3):242-256
Primary objective: To determine the relative uses of neural action potential (‘spike’) data versus local field potentials (LFPs) for modeling
information flow through complex brain networks. Hypothesis: The common use of LFP data, which are continuous and therefore more mathematically suited for spectral information-flow
modeling techniques such as Granger causality analysis, can lead to spurious inferences about whether a given brain area ‘drives’
the spiking in a downstream area. Experiment: We recorded spikes and LFPs from the forelimb motor cortex (M1) and the magnocellular red nucleus (mRN), which receives
axon collaterals from M1 projection cells onto its distal dendrites, but not onto its perisomatic regions, as rats performed
a skilled reaching task. Results and implications: As predicted, Granger causality analysis on the LFPs—which are mainly composed of vector-summed dendritic currents—produced
results that if conventionally interpreted would suggest that the M1 cells drove spike firing in the mRN, whereas analyses
of spiking in the two recorded regions revealed no significant correlations. These results suggest that mathematical models
of information flow should treat the sampled dendritic activity as more likely to reflect intrinsic dendritic and input-related
processing in neural networks, whereas spikes are more likely to provide information about the output of neural network processing. 相似文献
998.
Zhixiang Chen Richard H. Fowler Bin Fu Binhai Zhu 《Journal of Combinatorial Optimization》2008,15(2):201-221
In this paper we present two main results about the inapproximability of the exemplar conserved interval distance problem
of genomes. First, we prove that it is NP-complete to decide whether the exemplar conserved interval distance between any
two genomes is zero or not. This result implies that the exemplar conserved interval distance problem does not admit any approximation
in polynomial time, unless P=NP. In fact, this result holds, even when every gene appears in each of the given genomes at most three times. Second, we strengthen
the first result under a weaker definition of approximation, called weak approximation. We show that the exemplar conserved
interval distance problem does not admit any weak approximation within a super-linear factor of
, where m is the maximal length of the given genomes. We also investigate polynomial time algorithms for solving the exemplar conserved
interval distance problem when certain constrains are given. We prove that the zero exemplar conserved interval distance problem
of two genomes is decidable in polynomial time when one genome is O(log n)-spanned. We also prove that one can solve the constant-sized exemplar conserved interval distance problem in polynomial
time, provided that one genome is trivial. 相似文献
999.
Morgan A. Bishop Anthony J. Macula Thomas E. Renz Vladimir V. Ufimtsev 《Journal of Combinatorial Optimization》2008,15(1):7-16
Classical group testing (CGT) is a widely applicable biotechnical technique used to identify a small number of distinguished
objects from a population when the presence of any one of these distinguished objects among a group of others produces an observable result. This paper discusses a variant of CGT called group testing for disjoint pairs (GTAP). The difference between the two is that in GTDP, the distinguished items are pairs from, not individual objects in,
the population. There are several biological examples of when this abstract model applies. One biological example is DNA hybridization.
The presence of pairs of hybridized DNA strands can be detected in a pool of DNA strands. Another situation is the detection
of binding interactions between prey and bait proteins. This paper gives a random pooling method, similar in spirit to hypothesis
testing, which identifies pairs of objects from a population that collectively have an observable function. This method is
simply to apply, achieves good results, is amenable to automation and can be easily modified to compensate for testing errors.
M.A. Bishop is supported by AFOSR FA8750-06-C-0007.
A.J. Macula is supported by NSF-0436298, AFOSR FA8750-06-C-0007. 相似文献
1000.
A reactive tabu search algorithm for the vehicle routing problem with simultaneous pickups and deliveries 总被引:1,自引:1,他引:1
Niaz A. Wassan A. Hameed Wassan Gábor Nagy 《Journal of Combinatorial Optimization》2008,15(4):368-386
The vehicle routing problem with pickups and deliveries (VRPPD) extends the vehicle routing problem (VRP) by allowing customers
to both send and receive goods. The main difficulty of the problem is that the load of vehicles is fluctuating rather than
decreasing as in the VRP. We design a reactive tabu search metaheuristic that can check feasibility of proposed moves quickly
and reacts to repetitions to guide the search. Several new best solutions are found for benchmark problems. 相似文献