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951.
K. Neil Jenkings Rachel Woodward Alison J. Williams Matthew F. Rech Ann L. Murphy Daniel Bos 《Sociology Compass》2011,5(1):37-51
Military occupations are continually evolving in relation to the geopolitical changes of societies, their conflicts and conflict management strategies, and technological developments in military hardware and software. Military occupations studies undertaken by the academy have been key to informing government strategy towards the maintenance of functioning armed forces. Since the 1950s, such studies have prioritised ‘top‐down’ quantitative sociological methodologies. This paper reviews these studies and the role of the dominant Institutional/Occupational model. The paper then considers less influential ‘bottom up’ interpretive methodological studies of military occupations. It is suggested that the reliance on ‘top down’ modelling approaches has led to the paucity of studies describing the range and experiential detail of military occupations. The Military–Academy nexus, and the priorities of the discipline of sociology are suggested as reasons for this emphasis. 相似文献
952.
This study explored the perceptions of fidelity to family group principles using comparative information from family, friends, and professionals, taking into account race and gender. White respondents felt there was a greater degree of fidelity than did the African American respondents, with other race respondents sometimes rating similarly to both white and African American respondents. Professionals generally perceived a greater level of fidelity and there were significant race by respondent interactions. 相似文献
953.
Anna Dencker Christina Nilsson Cecily Begley Elisabeth Jangsten Margareta Mollberg Harshida Patel Helena Wigert Eva Hessman Helen Sjöblom Carina Sparud-Lundin 《Women and birth : journal of the Australian College of Midwives》2019,32(2):99-111
Problem
Fear of childbirth negatively affects women during pregnancy and after birth.Aim
To summarise the findings of published studies regarding possible causes/predisposing factors and outcomes of fear of childbirth for childbearing women.Design
A systematic review, searching five databases in March 2015 for studies on causes/predisposing factors and outcomes of fear of childbirth, as measured during pregnancy and postpartum. Quality of included studies was assessed independently by pairs of authors. Data were extracted independently by reviewer pairs and described in a narrative analysis.Findings
Cross-sectional, register-based and case-control studies were included (n = 21). Causes were grouped into population characteristics, mood-related aspects, and pregnancy and birth-related aspects. Outcomes were defined as mood-related or pregnancy and birth-related aspects. Differing definitions of fear of childbirth were found and meta-analysis could only be performed on parity, in a few studies.Conclusions
Stress, anxiety, depression and lack of social support are associated with fear during pregnancy. Need for psychiatric care and presence of traumatic stress symptoms are reported outcomes together with prolonged labour, longer labours, use of epidural and obstetric complications. Nulliparous and parous women have similar levels of fear but for different reasons. Since the strongest predictor for fear in parous women is a previous negative birth experience or operative birth, we suggest it is important to distinguish between fear of childbirth and fear after birth. Findings demonstrate the need for creating woman-centred birthing environments where women can feel free and secure with low risk of negative or traumatic birth experiences and consequent fear. 相似文献954.
Population Research and Policy Review - In this essay, I respond to Racial and Ethnic Inequality in Poverty and Affluence, 1959–2015 (hereafter Racial and Ethnic Inequality). I argue that... 相似文献
955.
Why people move, their well-being or self-assessed quality of life and the impact that this has on the stability of neighbourhoods
are linked in many ways. One of the expected outcomes related to the attachment to and meaning of place is the level of intra-urban
mobility by individuals and families. Those who have negative or neutral feelings towards the place they reside are expected
to experience a greater level of intra-urban mobility. The objective of this paper is to examine the relationship between
residential mobility and perceived well-being or self-assessed quality of life in Saskatoon, Saskatchewan across three clusters
of neighbourhoods representing different socio-economic status (SES) (low, middle and high). The paper begins with a review
of the literature on residential mobility and highlights concepts such as the life-cycle, social cohesion and social isolation.
It employs data from three sources: a telephone survey collected from residents in 2001, a series of face-to-face interviews
and 2001 Census data. The data are analysed statistically using a mixed model approach. The results show that mobility is
an important feature of Saskatoon, and that a significant difference exists in the length of residency among the three neighbourhood
clusters. However, the analysis indicates that there is no relationship between residential mobility and well-being as measured
by self-reported quality of life and health. 相似文献
956.
Changes in quality of life perceptions in Saskatoon,Saskatchewan: comparing survey results from 2001 and 2004 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
Allison Williams Peter Kitchen James Randall Nazeem Muhajarine 《Social indicators research》2008,85(1):5-21
There is a growing interest in quality of life (QoL) as an integrated approach to addressing key social, environmental and
economic determinants of health. The University of Saskatchewan’s Community-University Institute for Social Research (CUISR)
has examined the process and results of a multi-stakeholder approach to the ongoing sustainability of Saskatoon, Saskatchewan
as a healthy city with an improving and a more equitably distributed QoL. Using quantitative and qualitative analysis, this
research has examined QoL across three locales in Saskatoon—representing Low, Middle and High socio-economic status neighbourhoods.
Two large telephone surveys were conducted with residents of the city in 2001 and 2004. This paper presents the major findings
from these two surveys according to four overarching research questions posed by the CUISR QoL team. The questions relate
to a number of QoL issues including the socio-demographic characteristics of respondents, place related measures, aspects
influencing excellent or very good QoL in Saskatoon and feelings of a strong sense of place. The paper also assesses the changes
in the results of the four questions between 2001 and 2004.
相似文献
Nazeem MuhajarineEmail: |
957.
Dorothy Watson Christopher T. Whelan Bertrand Maître Helen Russell 《Social indicators research》2018,140(2):549-570
In this paper, we draw on Irish SILC data to examine the roles of social class, non-class risk groups and state policies in influencing enforced material deprivation as Ireland moved from a period of economic boom through deep recession and on to early recovery. We also employ Sen’s capability approach to explore the extent to which certain social risk groups differ in their capacity to convert social class-differentiated resources into increased capability in relation to avoiding material deprivation. The findings refute the notion of polarization either across time as a result of recession or as a result of more vulnerable social risk groups experiencing more pronounced social class differences. Instead, the impact of recession on social class and social risk group operated mainly in an additive manner with each having a relatively independent impact on deprivation. The exception was lone parents who were less able to convert the benefits of higher social class position into reduced deprivation levels. 相似文献
958.
Carolyn M. Bailey Jennifer M. Newton Helen G. Hall 《Women and birth : journal of the Australian College of Midwives》2018,31(5):414-421
Background
Midwives use telephone triage to provide advice and support to childbearing women, and to manage access to maternity services. Telephone triage practises are important in the provision of accurate, timely and appropriate health care. Despite this, there has been very little research investigating this area of midwifery practice.Aim
To explore midwives and telephone triage practises; and to discuss the relevant findings for midwives managing telephone calls from women.Methods
A five-stage process for conducting scoping reviews was employed. Searches of relevant databases as well as grey literature, and reference lists from included studies were carried out.Findings
A total of 11 publications were included. Thematic analysis was used to identify key concepts. We grouped these key concepts into four emergent themes: purpose of telephone triage, expectations of the midwife, challenges of telephone triage, and achieving quality in telephone triage.Discussion
Telephone triage from a midwifery perspective is a complex multi-faceted process influenced by many internal and external factors. Midwives face many challenges when balancing the needs of the woman, the health service, and their own workloads. Primary research in this area of practice is limited.Conclusion
Further research to explore midwives’ perceptions of their role, investigate processes and tools midwives use, evaluate training programs, and examine outcomes of women triaged is needed. 相似文献959.
Ingegerd Hildingsson Christine Rubertsson Annika Karlström Helen Haines 《Women and birth : journal of the Australian College of Midwives》2018,31(5):407-413
Aim
The aim of this pilot study was to explore the Fear of Birth Scale in a mixed sample of women of childbearing age, by investigating the levels of childbirth fear and the content of women’s thoughts when completing the scale.Methods
A cross-sectional mixed method study of 179 women who completed a short questionnaire and a think aloud interview.Results
The mean score of the Fear of Birth Scale was 40.80 (SD 27.59) and 28.5% were classified as having fear of childbirth (≥60). The internal consistency showed a Cronbach’s α > 0.92, and a mean inter-item correlation of 0.85.The highest scores were found in women younger than 25 years (mean 60.10), foreign-born women (mean 54.30) and women who did not have any previous children (48.72). The lowest scores were found in women who had recently given birth (mean 34.82) and women older than 35 years (mean 34.85). The content analysis categorization matrix clearly accommodated all 436 statements into the five pre-existing categories. The largest categories were: the content of fear and worry with 138 statements and strategies to cope with fear or worry (122 statements).Conclusion
The Fear of Birth Scale seems to be a useful instrument for different subgroups of women. The construct of fear of childbirth may be universally understood and experienced by women of childbearing age irrespective of whether they are currently pregnant, have recently given birth or do not have children. Identifying fear of birth is important in clinical practice in order to support women’s reproductive needs. 相似文献960.
Thornton Arland Bhandari Prem Swindle Jeffrey Williams Nathalie Young-DeMarco Linda Sun Cathy Hughes Christina 《Population research and policy review》2020,39(4):643-670
Population Research and Policy Review - We investigate influences of fatalistic beliefs on domestic and international migration in Nepal, positing that fatalistic beliefs may affect decisions to... 相似文献