青楼诗词翻译与文化展现

诗词是人们抒情达意的重要载体,历来学者的目光较多关注＂正统＂诗词而很少涉足＂非正统＂的青楼诗词。本文从妓女、歌女、舞女三个方面入手,来探讨代表了诗人词人最真切情感的青楼诗词的翻译方法及技巧,以向译语读者展现青楼诗词中文化的韵味。     

纯粹论还是工具论：探因郭沫若早期文艺思想

郭沫若早期文艺思想的一个重要特征是徘徊于纯粹论与工具论之间，其原因主要是：首先，对文艺纯粹论的学理依据缺乏深入的了解，更由于中国文学史没有文学自主的现实经验，使得他面对西方文学自主论的论说时，会觉得非常有道理，回到中国的现实时，又会觉得文学工具论更合时宜；其次，艺术家与革命家的双重身份；第三，争夺文坛话语权的实用主义考虑。     

跟踪调查中的拒访行为分析——以中国家庭动态跟踪调查为例

在梳理拒访影响因素理论模型的基础上,本文运用中国家庭动态跟踪调查(China Family Panel Study,CFPS)测试初访和测试第一次追访的并行数据和问卷数据,运用Logit模型对CFPS测试第一次追访中出现的受访家户拒访行为进行分析。分析发现,CFPS追访调查样本存在选择性拒访现象。追访中,被拒访的特点和模式与发达国家的基本一致,即受到受访家户和主事者社会经济特征、参访经历等因素的影响。分析还发现,在追访中,受访对象的拒访行为是可预测的。根据前次收集的并行数据和问卷数据,可以甄别未来可能拒访的重点对象。如能依此采取特别的样本维护策略,应可降低跟踪调查样本的损失率。     

航位推算系统非线性过程处理新方法研究

针对航位推算系统中利用扩展Kalman滤波方法解决非线性问题在算法复杂性上的缺陷和精度上的不稳定性,该文从数据预先处理的角度出发,合理规避线性化过程,提出一种充分利用现成Kalman滤波公式的方法,即数据进入滤波器之前就预先进行处理,获得每一组量测值,按照极坐标-笛卡儿坐标的转换方式转为相应的位置信息,再按照标准的Kalman滤波公式构建滤波器,进行状态的最优估计。计算机仿真结果证明该算法的有效性。     

The Role of Career Barriers in High School Students' Career Choice Behavior in Taiwan

The purpose of this study was to examine the role of career barriers in social cognitive career theory (R. W. Lent, S. D. Brown, & G. Hackett, 1994). The participants were 584 high school students in Taiwan, Republic of China. The gender differences in perceived career barriers and career self‐efficacy were significant. Results of hierarchical regression analyses indicated that some of the perceived career barriers were significant in predicting individuals' career choice behavior after controlling for career self‐efficacy in certain career types.     

Evidence of Early Strategies in Learning to Walk

Learning to walk is a dynamic process requiring the fine coordination, assembly, and balancing of many body segments at once. For the young walker, coordinating all these behavioral levels may be quite daunting. In this study, we examine the whole‐body strategies to which infants resort to produce their first independent steps and progress over the first months of walking experience. Six infants were followed weekly from the onset of independent upright locomotion for 8 weeks, and then every other week until 4 months of walking experience. The walking kinematics from the infants' earliest steps were cluster‐analyzed and the infants were classified into 3 groups. Follow‐up comparisons with kinematics recordings were used to quantify the infants' strategies more precisely and track how these early forms of walking evolved over time. Results revealed that in the first weeks of independent walking, 3 infants used a stepping strategy, 1 used a twisting strategy, and 2 used a falling strategy to move their body forward and perform their first unsupported steps. As the infants gained walking experience, their walking patterns became more similar. These findings indicate that infants discover different solutions to use their body and control their balance when beginning to walk. With time, infants adopt a more efficient solution that incorporates and integrates elements of the different strategies.     

Quantitative Risk Assessment of Listeria monocytogenes in French Cold-Smoked Salmon: II. Risk Characterization

A model for the assessment of exposure to Listeria monocytogenes from cold-smoked salmon consumption in France was presented in the first of this pair of articles (Pouillot et al ., 2007, Risk Analysis, 27:683–700). In the present study, the exposure model output was combined with an internationally accepted hazard characterization model, adapted to the French situation, to assess the risk of invasive listeriosis from cold-smoked salmon consumption in France in a second-order Monte Carlo simulation framework. The annual number of cases of invasive listeriosis due to cold-smoked salmon consumption in France is estimated to be 307, with a very large credible interval ([10; 12,453]), reflecting data uncertainty. This uncertainty is mainly associated with the dose-response model. Despite the significant uncertainty associated with the predictions, this model provides a scientific base for risk managers and food business operators to manage the risk linked to cold-smoked salmon contaminated with L. monocytogenes. Under the modeling assumptions, risk would be efficiently reduced through a decrease in the prevalence of L. monocytogenes or better control of the last steps of the cold chain (shorter and/or colder storage during the consumer step), whereas reduction of the initial contamination levels of the contaminated products and improvement in the first steps of the cold chain do not seem to be promising strategies. An attempt to apply the recent risk-based concept of FSO (food safety objective) on this example underlines the ambiguity in practical implementation of the risk management metrics and the need for further elaboration on these concepts.     

Migration status and transnational mothering: the case of Filipino migrants in France

Recent studies on transnational mothering have explored the various strategies migrant women use to negotiate their absence from home; however, there is limited knowledge on how migration status diversifies transnational mothering practices. To fill this gap, I conducted in‐depth interviews and observations of Filipino migrant mothers working in the domestic service sector in and around Paris. The consequences of migration include the prolongation of a planned stay in France, emotional difficulties due to family separation, and distant mother–child relationships. Transnational family life appears more complicated and difficult to manage for undocumented migrant mothers since they cannot easily visit their family back home, which they try to compensate by resorting to more intense transnational communication and gift‐giving practices. Hence, migration status plays an important role in shaping transnational motherhood.     

“国际单位”：提升文化软实力的路径选择

以广州市白云区“国际单位”项目为案例，分析了“生态、创意、共赢”的可持续发展文化理念对于提升区域文化软实力的作用。     

Maximum likelihood estimation of the bimodal failure rate for censored and tied observations

DIMITROV, RACHEV and YAKOVLEV ( 1985 ) have obtained the isotonic maximum likelihood estimator for the bimodal failure rate function. The authors considered only the complete failure time data. The generalization of this estimator for the case of censored and tied observations is now proposed.