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991.
Axel van den Berg 《Revue canadienne de sociologie》2018,55(2):319-321
992.
Ambidextrous product‐selling strategies, in which companies’ salespeople concurrently pursue the sale of existing and new products, are hard to implement. Previous studies have addressed this issue for relatively simple consumer settings with the manager in close proximity to the salespersons and focusing on different levels of control and autonomy to resolve this issue. However, little is known about how field salespeople can be influenced to pursue such dual goals proactively for more complex business‐to‐business products. In this study, the authors distinguish between salespeople's proactive selling behaviour for new and existing products, and study the impact of two alternative mechanisms: a situational mechanism (i.e. perceived manager product‐selling ambidexterity) and a structural mechanism (i.e. salesperson organizational identification). Using a time‐lagged, multisource data set from a large ambidextrous company, the authors demonstrate that both mechanisms contribute to salespeople's proactive selling of new and existing products, but also act as each other's substitutes. The results suggest two most likely strategies for salespeople to obtain overall sales targets: focusing on existing product selling; or acting ambidextrously. The latter approach offers the benefits of better achieving ambidextrous company sales goals and of greater performance stability, and is thus preferred. 相似文献
993.
Elise C. J. van Alphen 《Journal of homosexuality》2017,64(2):273-288
Scholars of bisexuality commonly agree that bisexuality as a distinct sexual identity remained invisible for epistemic reasons until the 1970s. This article examines this dominant explanation for the late invention of bisexual identity by discussing how bisexuality functioned in the homosexual movement in the Netherlands from 1946 to the early 1970s. This historical case study shows that in the Netherlands bisexuality as an identity existed in the movement in the first postwar decades and was erased in the late 1960s, not only for epistemic reasons but also for tactical ones. The article aims to contribute to a better insight into the history of bisexuality and the politics in the Dutch postwar homosexual movement. 相似文献
994.
Katrijn Eggermont Dimitri Beeckman Ann Van Hecke Ilse Delbaere Sofie Verhaeghe 《Women and birth : journal of the Australian College of Midwives》2017,30(4):e188-e197
Fathers play an important role in the childbearing process, but are sometimes sidelined by midwives. The objectives were: identify fathers’ needs during the labor and childbirth process; determine if their needs were met by midwives; and identify variables influencing these needs.The questionnaire was designed based on a systematic literature search and validated by a multistage consensus method. Data were collected during a cross-sectional study in two maternity wards in Belgium, where a medical-led model is used. Fathers present during natural childbirth were recruited via consecutive sampling.Based on multivariate analyses, fathers with a higher education level and multiparous fathers needed less information about the process of birth compared to less educated fathers (p < 0.05; OR = 4.08; 95% CI = 1.02–16.31) or first-time fathers (p < 0.001; OR = 0.04; 95% CI = 0.01–0.18). For multiparous fathers, a tour of the delivery room was less important than for primiparous fathers (p = 0.005; OR = 0.14; 95% CI = 0.03–0.54). Married fathers needed less information on how to support their partners physically (p < 0.005; OR = 0.18; 95% CI = 0.06–0.59) and emotionally (p = 0.01; OR = 0.24; 95% CI = 0.08–0.72) compared to cohabiting fathers. Information needs are more important to fathers compared to needs focusing on the birth experience or their involvement. Socio-demographic variables like educational level, parity, and marital status were associated with fathers’ needs. Midwives need to be aware of fathers’ needs during the birth process and to fulfill these needs appropriately. 相似文献
995.
Valerie Fleming Yvonne Meyer Franziska Frank Susanne van Gogh Laura Schirinzi Bénédicte Michoud Claire de Labrusse 《Women and birth : journal of the Australian College of Midwives》2017,30(6):443-449
Problem and background
Despite a generally affluent society, the caesarean section rate in Switzerland has steadily climbed in recent years from 22.9% in 1998 to 33.7% in 2014. Speculation by the media has prompted political questions as to the reasons. However, there is no clear evidence as to why the Swiss rate should be so high especially in comparison with neighbouring countries.Aim
To describe the emerging expectations of giving birth of healthy primigravid women in the early second semester of pregnancy in four Swiss cantons.Methods
Qualitative individual interviews with 58 healthy primigravid women, were audio recorded, transcribed and subjected to thematic analysis. Recruitment took place through public and private hospitals, birth centres, obstetricians and independent midwives. The main ethical issues were informed consent, autonomy, confidentiality and anonymity.Findings
The three main themes identified were taking or avoiding decisions, experiencing a continuum of emotions and planning the care.Discussion
Being pregnant was part of a project women had mapped out for their lives. Only three women in our sample expressed a wish for a caesarean section. One of the strongest emotions was that of fear but in contrast some participants expressed faith that their bodies would cope with the experience.Conclusion
Bringing together the three languages and cultures produced a truly “Swiss” study showing contrasts between a matter of fact approach to pregnancy and the concept of fear. Such a contrast is worthy of further and deeper exploration by a multi-disciplinary research team. 相似文献996.
D.R. Benecke Z. Simpson S. Le Roux C.J. Skinner N. Janse van Rensburg J. Sibeko S. Bvuma J. Meyer 《Public Relations Review》2017,43(1):26-34
The question raised by Cheney and Christensen (2001) as to “what a non-Western, non-managerial and non-rationalist form of public relations will look like” (p.182), together with the call made by Gregory (2014) for public relations practitioners (PRPs) to be active social change agents, motivated this paper. The aim of this research is to follow a culture-centred approach and apply the circuit of culture (Curtin & Gaither, 2005) to investigate the meanings that young people (aged 18 to 34), as cultural intermediaries, ascribe to their participation in a digital empowerment project implemented by the City of Johannesburg, South Africa. This research forms part of a larger, ongoing multi-disciplinary research project.The research highlights the complexity of projects of this nature, the wide variety of stakeholders involved, the significance of structure, the importance of training of cultural intermediaries, and the benefits such intermediaries gain from their involvement. A key finding is that self-development and financial benefit contribute significantly to the success of cultural intermediaries. This paper contributes to the field of public relations by providing an analysis of cultural intermediaries’ contribution to the circuit of culture as influenced not only by production and consumption but also by identity and regulation as seen in the way they represented the meaning created during their experience. 相似文献
997.
By using the medical data analyzed by Kang et al. (2007), a Bayesian procedure is applied to obtain control limits for the coefficient of variation. Reference and probability matching priors are derived for a common coefficient of variation across the range of sample values. By simulating the posterior predictive density function of a future coefficient of variation, it is shown that the control limits are effectively identical to those obtained by Kang et al. (2007) for the specific dataset they used. This article illustrates the flexibility and unique features of the Bayesian simulation method for obtaining posterior distributions, predictive intervals, and run-lengths in the case of the coefficient of variation. A simulation study shows that the 95% Bayesian confidence intervals for the coefficient of variation have the correct frequentist coverage. 相似文献
998.
This article studies the heavy-traffic (HT) behavior of queueing networks with a single roving server. External customers arrive at the queues according to independent renewal processes and after completing service, a customer either leaves the system or is routed to another queue. This type of customer routing in queueing networks arises very naturally in many application areas (in production systems, computer- and communication networks, maintenance, etc.). In these networks, the single most important characteristic of the system performance is oftentimes the path time, i.e., the total time spent in the system by an arbitrary customer traversing a specific path. The current article presents the first HT asymptotic for the path-time distribution in queueing networks with a roving server under general renewal arrivals. In particular, we provide a strong conjecture for the system’s behavior under HT extending the conjecture of Coffman et al.[8,9] to the roving server setting of the current article. By combining this result with novel light-traffic asymptotics, we derive an approximation of the mean path time for arbitrary values of the load and renewal arrivals. This approximation is not only highly accurate for a wide range of parameter settings, but is also exact in various limiting cases. 相似文献
999.
In this article, we discuss some aspects of Eliaz and Ok ’s (Games Econ Behav 56:61–86, 2006) choice theoretical foundations of incomplete preferences. Our aim is to clarify some aspects of their regularity condition for preorders, showing that, as far as rationalization of a choice correspondence alone is concerned, no further restriction is imposed by requiring the preorder to be regular. However, if one is also interested in capturing other observable aspects of the individual’s choice procedure, such as Eliaz and Ok’s notion of c-incomparability or the notion of behavioral indifference introduced in this paper, then the only option is to use a regular preorder. We also argue that their weak axiom of revealed non-inferiority (WARNI) is too strong a property if our aim is to characterize the rationalizability of a choice correspondence by a (possibly incomplete) preorder. Finally, as we have mentioned above, we introduce the notion of behavioral indifference and argue, not only that Eliaz and Ok’s notion of c-incomparability (observable incomparability) can be derived from it, but also that it has a wider range of applicability than their notion of observable incomparability. 相似文献
1000.
Claudia Claes Geert Van Hove Jos van Loon Stijn Vandevelde Robert L. Schalock 《Social indicators research》2010,98(1):61-72
As the concept of quality of life (QOL) has evolved from a theoretical concept to both a measurable construct and an action-oriented
change agent in the field of intellectual disabilities, there has emerged a corresponding need to develop, implement, and
use a systematic approach to the assessment of domain-referenced quality of life outcomes. The purpose of this article is
to suggest eight principles based on published literature and the authors’ experiences that should underlie the assessment
of QOL-related personal outcomes in the field of intellectual disabilities. Data from the development of the personal outcomes scale are used to exemplify each principle. The article’s premise is that model development and test construction should work in
tandem, and that a ‘quality of life assessment instrument’ should be based on an empirically derived QOL conceptual and measurement
framework/model. 相似文献