全文获取类型
收费全文 | 1646篇 |
免费 | 17篇 |
专业分类
管理学 | 186篇 |
民族学 | 17篇 |
人口学 | 202篇 |
丛书文集 | 6篇 |
理论方法论 | 117篇 |
综合类 | 24篇 |
社会学 | 740篇 |
统计学 | 371篇 |
出版年
2023年 | 11篇 |
2022年 | 11篇 |
2020年 | 30篇 |
2019年 | 46篇 |
2018年 | 66篇 |
2017年 | 87篇 |
2016年 | 84篇 |
2015年 | 43篇 |
2014年 | 56篇 |
2013年 | 314篇 |
2012年 | 43篇 |
2011年 | 46篇 |
2010年 | 37篇 |
2009年 | 25篇 |
2008年 | 35篇 |
2007年 | 41篇 |
2006年 | 21篇 |
2005年 | 26篇 |
2004年 | 31篇 |
2003年 | 19篇 |
2002年 | 28篇 |
2001年 | 35篇 |
2000年 | 25篇 |
1999年 | 26篇 |
1998年 | 24篇 |
1997年 | 16篇 |
1996年 | 12篇 |
1995年 | 19篇 |
1994年 | 18篇 |
1993年 | 17篇 |
1992年 | 22篇 |
1991年 | 23篇 |
1990年 | 13篇 |
1989年 | 13篇 |
1988年 | 26篇 |
1987年 | 19篇 |
1986年 | 16篇 |
1985年 | 15篇 |
1984年 | 11篇 |
1983年 | 14篇 |
1982年 | 12篇 |
1981年 | 15篇 |
1980年 | 10篇 |
1979年 | 13篇 |
1978年 | 20篇 |
1977年 | 15篇 |
1976年 | 11篇 |
1975年 | 15篇 |
1970年 | 9篇 |
1968年 | 12篇 |
排序方式: 共有1663条查询结果,搜索用时 8 毫秒
991.
Anthony O’Hagan 《The American statistician》2019,73(1):69-81
ABSTRACTExpert opinion and judgment enter into the practice of statistical inference and decision-making in numerous ways. Indeed, there is essentially no aspect of scientific investigation in which judgment is not required. Judgment is necessarily subjective, but should be made as carefully, as objectively, and as scientifically as possible.Elicitation of expert knowledge concerning an uncertain quantity expresses that knowledge in the form of a (subjective) probability distribution for the quantity. Such distributions play an important role in statistical inference (for example as prior distributions in a Bayesian analysis) and in evidence-based decision-making (for example as expressions of uncertainty regarding inputs to a decision model). This article sets out a number of practices through which elicitation can be made as rigorous and scientific as possible.One such practice is to follow a recognized protocol that is designed to address and minimize the cognitive biases that experts are prone to when making probabilistic judgments. We review the leading protocols in the field, and contrast their different approaches to dealing with these biases through the medium of a detailed case study employing the SHELF protocol.The article ends with discussion of how to elicit a joint probability distribution for multiple uncertain quantities, which is a challenge for all the leading protocols. Supplementary materials for this article are available online. 相似文献
992.
ABSTRACT The literature on industrial policy in Africa has generally explained its political origins in terms of ruling elites’ distribution of benefits to their supporters. However, in competitive political contexts in which policies are deeply political and designed to satisfy clients, such as policies that support party donors, the problem of policy discontinuity is bound to arise because a change in ruling party is bound to alter the direction of distributional policies. The current paper uses Nigeria’s backward integration policy (BIP), an industrial policy on cement production, to sharpen the analytical distinction between the origins and persistence. Although the ruling elites’ political quest for survival explains the origin of Nigeria’s industrial policy on cement (ruling elites were in search of re-election funds and teamed up with domestic capitalists for donations, who in turn influenced the political elites to create policies in their area of business), it does not explain the continuation. 相似文献
993.
994.
Adefunke O. Ekine 《Gender Issues》2018,35(4):318-329
Gender issues have been a research concern within the education community at all levels in the last few decades as education is regarded as a critical tool in development and the most effective tool to empower women to be able to live a more productive life as they access higher education. Despite the increase in access to higher education and women being in the majority in the teaching profession; it is still a herculean task for women attain top management positions especially in African universities because of cultural factors and patriarchal system of leadership. This situation is often described as a “chilly climate” due to both overt and covert behaviours and systemic barriers that needs attention. This paper therefore highlights the narrative stories of women leaders in Tai Solarin University of Education, in Nigeria where the researcher works as told by selected women leaders of their struggles, challenges and choices in the course of duty. 相似文献
995.
There is a paucity of research investigating the impact that parents may have on college drinking. In this study, the authors investigated the relationship between students' perceptions of parent approval of drinking and problem drinking occurrence. They conducted a Web-based survey of 265 first-year students living on campus during their second semester. The authors used logistic regression to examine the relationship between students' perceptions of their mothers' and fathers' attitudes toward their drinking, their mothers' and fathers' drinking habits, and problem drinking since they had begun college. Sixty-nine percent of respondents reported experiencing at least 1 drinking problem. Over one third of students perceived that their parents would approve of them drinking occasionally. Students perceiving more parental approval for their drinking were more likely to report at least 1 drinking problem. Student perceptions of parental approval of drinking warrant further investigation as a potentially mutable correlate of problem drinking. 相似文献
996.
The delivery of assistive technology (AT) within the state and federal vocational rehabilitation systems in the United States has been developing and refining itself over the last twenty years. Many challenges have been confronted in an attempt to use this relatively new service to increase the employment options and success for individuals with disabilities. In this process, the rehabilitation counselor serves as a critical player in the planning and delivery of AT as it articulates with other rehabilitation services. This study investigated counselor views regarding their role and competence in providing AT services and devices to individuals with disabilities throughout the state of Wisconsin. The results of the survey indicated, in general, that counselors find AT to be a cost-effective service that can increase employment related outcomes. As with other service areas, the counselors' role in AT service delivery involves coordinating, purchasing and following up on services. Interestingly, while counselors expressed confidence in performing these overall functions, they reported a lack of confidence in identifying the need for AT services. Without a comfort level to make this determination, benefits from the implementation of AT may be quite limited. Results suggest that intervention is needed to improve counselors' abilities to make decisions regarding AT services. 相似文献
997.
Guevara C Cook C Herback N Pietrobon R Jacobs DO Vail TP 《Accountability in research》2006,13(4):311-324
In 1993, the National Institutes of Health (NIH) passed The Revitalization Act (Subtitle B) which mandated that all NIH funded clinical trials have "appropriate representation" of minority and women subjects. Our aim was to evaluate the impact of the mandate by examining the reporting and inclusion of minority and female subjects into NIH K-Award funded clinical trials, addressing the minority predominant diagnoses of diabetes and clinical obesity. Using the CRISP search engine and PUBMED, we selected publications published by the National Institute on Aging (NIA) and National Institute of Diabetes and Digestive and Kidney Diseases (NIDDK) K-grant recipients during 1989-2004, associated with all the diabetes and obesity clinical trials. Studies were stratified into three timeline categories (1989-1993, pre-mandate; 1993-1996, post-mandate, and 1997-present, well past mandate) to evaluate trends in the recruiting of minorities and women before, during, and after the passing of the Revitalization Act. Of the 165 papers, only 37% disclosed race, a number that did not improve over time (p=.15), whereas 92% disclosed gender. Clinical trials that focused on females increased across the 3 timeframes (p < .001) for diabetes studies but not obesity studies. Overall, disclosure of race declined over the 3 timeframes whereas individually, the disclosure of African Americans improved. 相似文献
998.
999.
This study investigates the interactions of innovation strategy execution and innovation‐focused human resource (HR) policy adoption on innovation performance and revenue growth. In addition, we investigate the moderating role of environmental uncertainty on the effects of innovation strategy execution and innovation‐focused HR policy on innovation performance. Results show that the interaction of innovation strategy execution and innovation‐focused HR policy is positively related to innovation performance. Results also show that environmental uncertainty positively moderates the innovation strategy execution–innovation performance relationship. Finally, innovation performance mediates the interaction of innovation strategy execution and environmental uncertainty on firms’ revenue growth. Implications of these findings for theory and practice are discussed. 相似文献
1000.
One of Daniel Hogan??s lasting impacts on international demography community comes through his advocacy for studying bidirectional relationships between environment and demography, particularly migration. We build on his holistic approach to mobility and examine dynamic changes in land use and migration among small farm families in Altamira, Pará, Brazil. We find that prior area in either pasture or perennials promotes out-migration of adult children, but that out-migration is not directly associated with land-use change. In contrast to early formulations of household life cycle models that argued that aging parents would decrease productive land use as children left the farm, we find no effect of out-migration of adult children on land-use change. Instead, remittances facilitate increases in area in perennials, a slower to pay off investment that requires scarce capital, but in pasture. While remittances are rare, they appear to permit sound investments in the rural milieu and thus to slow rural exodus and the potential consolidation of land into large holdings. We would do well to promote the conditions that allow them to be sent and to be used productively to keep families on the land to avoid the specter of extensive deforestation for pasture followed by land consolidation. 相似文献