Actual rejection levels in a certain stepwise test

Continuing me work of Draper, Guttman and Kanemasu (1971) we obtain the appropriate distribution and evaluate some actual probability levels tor entry of variables in stepwise regression when the denominator of the F-statistic is a biased estimate of the residual variance and there are two possible entry candidates.     

A bayesian approach to prediction in the presence of spurious observations for several models

The problem of spuriousity has been dealt with from a Bayesian perspective by, among others, Box and Taio (1968) and in several papers by Guttman with various co-authors, beginning with Guttman (1973), The main objective of these papers has been to obtain posterior distributions of parameters, and to base inference on these distributions. In the current paper, the Bayesian argument is carried one step further by deriving predictive distributions of future observations. Inferences are then based on these distributions. We will obtain predictive results for several models, First, we consider the univariate normal case with one spurious observation, This is then generalized to several spurious observations. The multivariate normal situation is studied next. Finally, we consider the general linear model with normal errors.     

Effects of Welfare Participation on Marriage

We investigate the widely held premise that welfare participation causes women to refrain from marriage. Using data from the Fragile Families and Child Wellbeing study (N = 3,219), we employ an event history approach to study transitions to marriage among mothers who have had a non-marital birth. We find that welfare participation reduces the likelihood of transitioning to marriage (hazard ratio is .67, p < .01), but only while the mother is receiving benefits. Once the mother leaves welfare, past receipt has little effect on marriage. We infer that the negative association between welfare participation and subsequent marriage reflects temporary economic disincentives rather than an erosion of values.     

Research Note—Program Evaluation: Enhancing Academic Quality and Program Integrity During Rapid Off-Campus Growth

By creating a program evaluation model that assesses multiple components from several perspectives, a social work division is able to determine the quality, effectiveness, and integrity of its offerings and support its mission to develop social work students for practice. This task is critical in supporting an off-campus program’s ability to navigate change and uncertainty in higher education. This research note discusses how a small, bachelor of social work program with a dual-delivery system (traditional and community-site) used the Council on Social Work Education reaccreditation process to adapt its program evaluation to ensure academic quality and program integrity during a period of rapid growth.     

Perceptions of Nonprofit Funding Decisions: A Survey of Local Public Administrators and Executive Directors of Community-Based Housing Organizations (CBHOs)

This article compares how local public administrators and executive directors of community-based housing organizations (CBHO) perceive nonprofit funding decisions. The article’s findings suggest that both groups shared perceptions about the scope of affordable housing and factors influencing its funding. Yet, important differences existed. Public administrators were ambivalent about nonprofit capacity and affordable housing outcomes. They also underestimated the importance of networks, partnerships, and minority leadership. Professionals in the nonprofit sector underestimated fair housing concerns and overestimated the importance of promoting homeownership. These insights improve our understanding of the connection between funding patterns, public-nonprofit sector relations, local governance, and administrative structures.

Social isolation and inequality

There is an increasing interest in the concept of social exclusion and the related concept of social isolation and their potential role in understanding inequality. We examine the degree to which voluntary separation from social activities during adolescence affects adult wages. It is well-known that participation in high school athletic programs leads to higher adult wages. We present empirical evidence that this premium is not primarily due to selection on predetermined characteristics valued in the labor market. This is a revised version of a paper presented at a conference on Theoretical Perspectives on Identity, Community and Economic Policy, Barcelona, February 2004 sponsered by The Pew Charitable Trusts.     

Effect of correlation on the estimation of a mean in the presence of spurious observations

This paper examines the effect of correlation of observations on estimators of a mean which are designed to guard against the possibility of spurious observations (that is, observations generated in a manner not intended). The mean squared error, premium and protection of these estimators are evaluated and discussed for some specific correlation structures.