Gender Difference in Sleep Problems: Focused on Time Use in Daily Life of Korea

Korea is well-known as one of the most sleepless country on the globe. Given the fact that sleep is closely connected with various health outcomes, we examined which group is more likely to experience sleep disorder problems within the context of time use. This study sets out to describe the differences in sleep disorder patterns between Korean men and women. In this study, we also tried to identify important socio-demoraphic factors and wake activity time use factors that might account for the sleep problem (short sleep/oversleep) and gender differences in sleep. Data from the original 2004 Korean Time Use Survey were used for this study (n = 16,958). Fifty-two percent of the respondents were women; the age range of the sample was 25–59 years. Results showed us that there was no gender differences found in dimension of short sleep. Still, women were less likely to be over sleeper rather than men, implying the existence of gender inequality in rest/free time. Results from the multinomial regression model showed that, although there were similarities in the impact of relevant factors, men’s sleep was more likely to be disturbed by their work role, while women’s sleep was affected by their work and family role. In this study, it was found that the gender difference in sleep problems was associated with time use, and especially the social roles that men and women occupied.     

Accelerated Life Test Data Analysis for Repairable Systems

In this article, the imperfect maintenance model and proportional intensity model are used to analyze failure data of repairable systems in accelerated life testing. In the design and development phase of products, we should collect and analyze failure data quickly with small proto-type products. Thus, we test the products under accelerated conditions and if the products fail, then we repair and use those continuously in the life testing. Acceleration and repair models are needed to analyze the failure data. An age reduction model (Brown et al.'s Brown et al. 1983 Brown , J. F. , Mahoney , J. F. , Sivazlian , B. D. ( 1983 ). Hysteresis repair in discounted replacement problems . IIE Trans. 15 : 156 – 165 . [CSA] [Taylor & Francis Online], [Web of Science ®] , [Google Scholar], model) and relationship between scale parameter and stress level are assumed. The stress acts multiplicatively on the baseline cumulative intensity. The maximum likelihood method is used, the log-likelihood function is derived, and a maximizing procedure is proposed. In simulation studies, we investigate the accuracy and trends of the maximum likelihood estimator.     

Aging, disability, and disabled older people in India

India is witnessing a demographic revolution, leading to a considerable increase in the proportion of older people in the population. Similarly, life expectancy of both the mentally and physically disabled has improved considerably. About 5% of Indian older people have problems with physical mobility. Aging has become a gender issue in India not only because more women are surviving into old age; they are also vulnerable and disadvantaged in many ways. In most cases they are the only caregivers available for the old and disabled. Older Indians are considered a high-risk group for multiple morbidity. It is estimated that nearly four million Indians suffer from mental problems. India has around 12 million people designated as "handicapped." However, little information is available about disabled people who grow older. The National Policy on Older Persons, which has been recently formulated, aims at providing an improved quality of life for millions of older Indians. However, the concerns of older disabled and of the disabled who grow old are still treated separately in both policy and practice.     

On Bayesian Inference for Proportional Hazards Models Using Noninformative Priors

In this article, we investigate the propertiesof the posterior distribution under the uniform improper priorfor two commonly used proportional hazards models; the Weibullregression model and the extreme value regression model. We allowthe observations to be right censored. We obtain sufficient conditionsfor the existence of the posterior moment generating functionof the regression coefficients. A dataset involving a lung cancerclinical trial and a simulation are presented to illustrate ourresults.     

Changes in Social Trust: Evidence from East German Migrants

Social Indicators Research - Using three waves of the Germany's individual-level panel data, this paper analyses whether there are any changes in the trust levels of East German migrants who...     

一种扩频PN码的混合同步系统

提出一种１０２４位码长，混合使用ＳＡＷ．ＭＦ与延时锁定环技术的扩频ＰＮ码同步方案，适用于长码、需快速同步的场合，文中对其工作原理作了介绍，并对其同步时间性能作了分析。     

Prediction of the residual failure processes based on the process history

In the reliability area, the concept of the residual lifetime of a non repairable system is very important and its property has been intensively studied. In this article, we define the “residual failure process” for a repairable system and study its stochastic properties thoroughly. The detailed discussions are given when the corresponding failure process is a renewal process. An illustrative example is also discussed.     

长三角地区城市化健康发展问题的观察与思考

本文研究首先从人口总量、人口分布以及城镇化格局变动三个方面分析了长三角地区的城市化发展现状。其次剖析了人口、资源、环境协调发展问题,区域中心城市培育问题,浅度城市化问题,以及城市社区管理转型问题。最后就城市群整体实力提升、城市间协作分工以及城市社区管理提升等三方面提出对策建议。     

英语世界的托•斯•艾略特反犹主义研究

英语世界对托?斯?艾略特反犹主义的研究可以追溯至１９３０年代中期,但从１９８０年代开始,艾略特反犹主义问题才逐渐成为学术界关注的焦点。１９９０年代末,学界围绕艾略特的反犹主义问题进行了较大范围、较长时间、较为激烈的争论。２０００至２０１０年代,研究持续推进,成果频出。阿克罗伊德、威尔克、里克斯、夏普、朱利叶斯、阿什尔等人的著作和珀金斯、弗莱斯纳、施密特、斯科特、雷恩、斯蒂文斯等人的文章从艾略特的言论、书信、诗歌、文章等着手?对艾略特的反犹主义问题进行研究,拓宽了英语世界艾略特研究的领域。