Explicaciones No Psicologicas Del Comportamiento

Resumen

Se propone un acercamiento socio-construccionista para el estudio de las subjetividades de género sexual frente al tratamiento cognitivista y sociocognitivista, dominantes en Psicología Social, en la investigación sobre identidad sexual, estereotipos y categorías de género. Asimismo se parte de ciertos planteamientos provenientes de la epistemología feminista postmoderna que ponen un énfasis especial en el análisis del lenguaje como instrumento mediatizador, regulador y modelador de la subjetividad y el género desde una perspectiva de las relaciones de poder y su regulación de subjetividades. Desde este triple marco el objetivo es analizar si la subjetividad de género femenino, supuestamente heredada y compartida según la mayoría de estudios de estereotipos, modela las identificaciones de las propias mujeres o si éstas desarrollan formas de resistencia hacia ella. Por todo ello la metodología de Análisis del Discurso aparece como la estrategia de investigación más adecuada. Los resultados del Análisis del Discurso de las narraciones de las mujeres sobre ellas mismas pone de manifiesto distintas subjetividades con diferentes niveles de agencia en relación a la reproducción o transformación de la escisión de género femenino.     

Cost of Including Males in a University Rubella Immunization Program: A Recommendation to Change a Discriminatory Policy

Abstract

Twenty-seven University of Rochester students developed clinical manifestations of rubella during 1976–77. Twenty-five were male and had not been immunized against this disease; 18 required infirmary care costing $4,876. On the basis of data for freshman males, a cost analysis demonstrates the feasibility of changing the university policy which encourages immunization only of females to encouragement of either selective or mass immunization of all males as well. Immunization during childhood with combined MMR vaccine is least expensive and should be encouraged. In certain circumstances, selective immunization of susceptible males may be less expensive than the present selective policy, which leaves males at risk.     

TMR: An Automated System for Managing Revenue

Abstract

The Total Medical Record (TMR) system used by the Division of University Health Services at Duke University is an integrated medical and management information system. One module supports the financial needs of the division. To facilitate managerial performance, TMR automatically prints insurance claims, refund statements, revenue summary data, service utilization, itemized visit statements, monthly patient bills, dunning letters, and has a host of unique features that aid management with controlling the private fees generated by the University Health Services. In addition, the servicing of prepaid programs is accommodated, and the splitting of charges between prepaid and fee-for-service programs occurs automatically.     

Men,Gender, and Health: Toward an Interdisciplinary Approach

Abstract

The anatomy and physiology of the ears, nose, and sinuses are reviewed. Diseases and injuries typically associated with water sports are discussed, with emphasis on pathophysiology, treatment, and preventative measures.

“Screening for Chlamydial Infections in Women Attending Family Planning Clinics: Evaluation of Presumptive Indicators for Therapy,” JULIUS SCHACHTER, EILEEN STONER, and JEANNE MONCADA. Chlamydia trachomatis was recovered from the cervices of 9.8 percent (268/2,729) of women attending seven family planning clinics. The infection rate varied from 5.5 percent to 22.5 percent in different clinics. Chlamydial infection could be associated with younger age, nulliparity, being black and use of oral contraceptives. Most (70 percent) of the chlamydial infections were inapparent and presumptive indicators for antichlamydial therapy that are useful for symptomatic women will not make a major impact on this reservoir. It is concluded that chlamydial cultures are needed to deal with the high prevalence of these infections. (Western Journal of Medicine 1983 Mar;138:375–379.)     

Alcohol-Related Problems Seen at the Student Health Services

Abstract

The number and types of alcohol-related problems seen by medical, nursing, and mental health professionals at the University of Massachusetts Health Services has been assessed since 1975 as part of a Demonstration Alcohol Education Project.

Medical outpatient clinic alcohol-related contacts using encounter forms completed on every outpatient visit during 1975 and 1976 revealed that 0.08% of approximately 92,500 visits annually were alcohol related, including 0.03% for chronic problems and 0.05% for acute problems (mainly contusions, lacerations, and fractures). Week-long contact surveys conducted in November 1976, and April 1977 recorded a much higher proportion of alcohol-related problems for over 60% of about 2,200 contacts each week. In November 1976, 1.4% of 1,346 reported visits were alcohol related, including 8.0% of contacts which occurred on weekends. In April 1977 2.7% of 1,582 reported visits were alcohol related, including 17.0% of weekend visits. No chronic alcohol problems were reported either week, and most of the acute problems involved traumatic injuries, such as contusions, lacerations, and sprains.

Mental health outpatient clinic alcohol-related contacts self-reported by students at the initial visit revealed that 5.8% of 1,179 initial visits between January 1976, and June 1977 were alcohol related, most involving their own alcohol use. Week-long contact surveys involving all 256 contacts during November 1976 and 192 contacts during April 1977 showed that 13.7% of contacts were for alcohol-related problems, over half due to alcohol abuse by someone else, such as a parent or boy/girlfriend.

The findings suggest that a significant proportion of students seen by student health services have acute rather than chronic alcohol-related problems, especially acute traumatic injuries and relationship problems.     

Patients' Evaluations of the Mental Health Service at a Health Sciences Campus

Abstract

Health science students, along with the health professionals they hope to become, are at increased risk for certain occupational injuries and illnesses. One of these risks is occupational exposure to blood-borne pathogens, such as human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) and hepatitis, which may result in severe illnesses or even death. Two case studies demonstrate postexposure care of exposed individuals at the University of Texas Medical Branch Student Health Services before and after policy changes and prevention strategies were strengthened in response to exposure incidents.     

Knowledge and Attitudes of University Health Service Clients about Genital Herpes: Implications for Patient Education and Counseling

Abstract

Genital herpes virus infection is an important target for health education efforts because of its apparently rising incidence in the college student population and because it can have potentially serious psychological as well as medical consequences. In order to better understand the health education and counseling needs of students, the present study surveyed knowledge and attitudes about genital herpes of 190 university students using a gynecology clinic and of 161 students using a general medical clinic. The students were found to have a high degree of familiarity with the disease, its cause, and mode of transmission, but tended to view the consequences of the disease as more severe than is actually warranted by the common medical complications. There was some degree of misinformation about prevention and treatment of the disease and some negative attitudes about patients suffering from it, but the survey respondents endorsed a high level of responsible behavior with regard to the disease and expressed some optimism about the possibility of adapting to it. These findings suggest specific misconceptions about genital herpes that might be amenable to a mass education approach. They also suggest the need for a counseling program that centers around reasonable reassurance and appropriately positive psychological and medical management for newly diagnosed patients.