La Experiencia personal como origen de estilos atributivos diferenciales

Resumen

En este estudio se analizan los estilos atribucionales, para dos situaciones concretas y cotidianas—el desempleo y el fracaso escolar—, según el grado de implicación personal para ambos hechos.

Considerando variables dependientes, no habituales en la investigación de Teoría de Atribución, se confirma la existencia de un proceso de variabilidad en la realización de atribuciones, tomando como criterio distintivo la experiencia personal que los sujetos tienen en las situaciones propuestas. Se sugieren, por último, algunas hipótesis que pueden explicar estas diferencias.     

How market entry order mediates the influence of firm resources on new product performance

Building from the resource-based view of the firm and the first-mover advantage literature, this paper asserts that the entry order in a new product-market affects how the firm's resources and capabilities influence the product's performance. This proposition is tested on a sample of 136 product launches by Spanish manufacturing firms. The empirical analysis reveals that firms with superior managerial and R&D resources achieve superior new product performance when an early-entry strategy is adopted. Manufacturing resources also contribute positively to the success of new products, but this effect is weakened by the difficulties and inconveniences that firms with advantages in operations face when they attempt to pioneer a new market. The results regarding the influence of marketing resources on new product performance are not conclusive.     

Convergence in the OECD: Transitional Dynamics or Narrowing Steady-State Differences?

In this article we show that the picture emerging from models that allow for generalized parameter heterogeneity in convergence equations changes our view of the convergence process within the OECD. Estimation methods that allow for non- or partial heterogeneity stress the importance of transitional dynamics. Thus the observed reduction in the dispersion of per capita income is mostly explained by transitional dynamics. When generalized parameter heterogeneity is allowed for, we find that the observed narrowing of incomes has little bearing on transitional dynamics. Convergence in this case happens because the long-run features of these countries are becoming increasingly similar.     

YOU ARE CLOSE TO YOUR RIVAL AND EVERYBODY HATES A WINNER: A STUDY OF RIVALRY IN COLLEGE FOOTBALL

We use a recent survey of college (American) football fans to study rivalry, where we find the most intense rivalries occur between in‐state teams. Relatedly, within a conference fans are more likely to target rivalrous feelings toward the winningest teams and, in Bowl Championship Series conferences, teams who have been conference members for a longer proportion of time. While the stakes are different from other settings, such as warring nations, college football teams compete for resources and often have loyal followings with strong emotional ties. Thus, examining rivalrous feeling in this setting provides insights into rivalry more generally besides being of interest in its own right as college football is a multi‐billion dollar industry. (JEL L22, L83)     

联合国秘书长的作用

<联合国宪章>规定,秘书长是联合国的"首席行政长官".要正确理解秘书长的作用就必须了解联合国的整个使命,同时,秘书长的作用对国际生活的组织方式也至关重要.宪章赋予了秘书长两种不同性质的职能:一种是政治性的,一种是行政性的.秘书长在履行其政治职能中应避免夸大与过于谨慎两种极端,公正是秘书长工作中应竭力维护的核心.此外,国际社会中的裁军、人权、南北问题以及如何应对自然与人为的灾难这四个方面的问题是秘书长关注的优先事项.联合国秘书长的特殊性在于他是一名世界公民,世界上的所有难题就是他要面对的难题,但<联合国宪章>是他的理念与精神归宿,而宪章的准则是他要永远恪守的道德信条.     

Analyzing the effects of level shifts and temporary changes on the identification of ARIMA models

The presence of outliers in time series gives rise to important effects on the sample autocorrelation coefficients. In the case where these outliers are not adequately treated, their presence causes errors in the identification of the stochastic process generator of the time series under study. In this respect, Chan has demonstrated that, independent of the underlying process of the outlier-free series, a level shift (LS) at the limit (i.e. asymptotically and considering an LS of a sufficiently large size) will lead to the identification of non-stationary processes; with respect to a temporary change (TC), this will lead, again at the limit, to the identification of an AR(1) autoregressive process with a coefficient equal to the dampening factor that defines this TC. The objective of this paper is to analyze, by way of a simulation exercise, how large the LS and TC present in the time series must be for the limiting result to be relevant, in the sense of seriously affecting the instruments used at the identification stage of the ARIMA models, i.e. the sample autocorrelation function and the sample partial autocorrelation function.     

Taking Adoption Issues into the New Millennium: An Introduction

The prevalence of adoption in our society and our awareness of adoption-related issues have increased markedly in recent years, due to socioeconomic and sociopolitical changes at the national and international level. Given the high incidence of adoption in the United States today, it is perplexing and unfortunate that many adoptive triad members still feel that the complexities of adoption are not fully understood. In addition, many clinicians still feel that clear and useful guidelines and training for therapy with adoptive triad members are hard to find. This introduction addresses these concerns in general in the context of discussing the different contributions included in this special issue.