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961.
A mixture model with Laplace and normal components is fitted to wind shear data available in grouped form. A set of equations is presented for iteratively estimating the parameters of the model using an application of the EM algorithm. Twenty-four sets of data are examined with this technique, and the model is found to give a good fit to the data. Some hypotheses about the parameters in the model are discussed in light of the estimates obtained. 相似文献
962.
Joseph P. Romano 《Revue canadienne de statistique》1989,17(1):75-80
An important statistical problem is to construct a confidence set for some functional T(P) of some unknown probability distribution P. Typically, this involves approximating the sampling distribution Jn(P) of some pivot based on a sample of size n from P. A bootstrap procedure is to estimate Jn(P) by Jn(&Pcirc;n), where P?n is the empirical measure based on a sample of size n from P. Typically, one has that Jn(P) and Jn(P?n) are close in an appropriate sense. Two questions are addressed in this note. Are Jn(P) and Jn(P?n) uniformly close as P varies as well? If so, do confidence statements about T(P) possess a corresponding uniformity property? In the case T(P) = P, the answer to the first questions is yes; the answer to the second is no. However, bootstrap confidence statements about T(P) can be made uniform over a restricted, though large, class of P. Similar results apply to other functional T(P). 相似文献
963.
964.
Some of the possible determinants of changes observed in welfare caseloads are analysed in this study. The paper attempts
to explain variations in welfare caseloads on the basis of four different factors: macroeconomic conditions, interactions
with other income maintenance programmes, changes in the programme's parameters and changes in the demographic structure.
Different models are tested by applying time series techniques. The data employed are of an administrative nature and cover
the whole period that the Madrid programme has been in operation. The results show that the effects of both unemployment and
institutional variables are strong and significant. Macroeconomic effects on caseloads could be offset or reinforced by changes
in unemployment protection and reforms of the programme's parameters. The significant effects found for the share of lone-parent
applicants also show that demographic shifts could shape the trends of welfare rolls regardless of the changes in unemployment
or the implementation of institutional reforms.
The authors would like to thank Juan Gabriel Rodríguez, Minoru Kunizaki, Miguel Angel Malo and three anonymous referees for
their comments and suggestions. Financial and technical support from the Spanish Institute for Fiscal Studies, the Inter-ministerial
Commission on Science and Technology (SEC 2001-0746) and the Social Services Department of the Madrid Government is also gratefully
acknowledged.
Responsible editor: Christian Dustmann. 相似文献
965.
966.
This paper presents a review of the literature on the meaning, etiology and categorization of acting out symtomatology in children. It is apparent that there is no one cause nor is there one well defined disorder.DSM-III categories as they relate to behavior disorders are discussed and the problems of diagnosis are addressed. Appropriate treatment goals and interventions cannot be developed unless more global aspects of a child's functioning and the environment in which he lives are assessed. 相似文献
967.
968.
969.
970.
Patterns of smokeless tobacco use among university athletes 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1