Cardiometabolic risks associated with work-to-family conflict: findings from the Work Family Health Network

ABSTRACT

Objective: Work and family stressors may be associated with elevated cardiovascular risk factors.

Methods: To assess the effects of work-to-family conflict (WTFC) on biomarkers of cardiometabolic risk, we examined 1524 extended care employees over 18 months and estimated multilevel linear models that accounted for the nested nature of the data.

Results: WTFC was positively associated with BMI [β?=?0.53, CI?=?(0.08, 0.98), p?=?.02 at baseline and β?=?0.59, CI?=?(0.12, 1.04), p?=?.01 across the 18-month study period] and negatively with HDL cholesterol [β?=??0.32, CI?=?(?0.57, ?0.08), p?=?.01 across the 18-month study period]. The rate of change in BMI from baseline to 18 months increased with higher levels of WTFC as well (β?=?0.08, CI?=?(0.03, 0.15), p?=?.0007). However, WTFC was not associated with other variables reflecting cardiometabolic risk, such as including blood pressure, cholesterol, glycosylated hemoglobin and cigarette smoking status.

Conclusion: Findings suggest that BMI, which is linked to potentially malleable health behaviors, is more closely related to inter-role conflict than biological markers reflecting longer-term physiologic processes. These effects are exacerbated over time and may be particularly detrimental to already overweight and obese individuals.     

Parent–Adolescent Dyads as Temporal Interpersonal Emotion Systems

Research on the role of parent–adolescent relationships in psychosocial adjustment needs a conceptual approach that specifies the processes by which development is nested in the relationship. I forward a new approach and emphasize the need to consider the unique elements that individuals bring to the dyadic system. I also emphasize the need to examine processes at multiple time scales. I highlight the complexity of dyadic system dynamics: Biological predispositions set the foundation for the parent–adolescent relationship and the emotion dynamics that emerge during interactions. As the system gets entrained through repeated interactions over longer time scales, real‐time dynamics coalesce into psychosocial adjustment, which in turn constrains real‐time dynamics. I review the evidence for each of these processes and discuss the implications.     

Volunteerism and Burnout: Does Satisfaction of Motives for Volunteering Protect Against Symptoms?

VOLUNTAS: International Journal of Voluntary and Nonprofit Organizations - Volunteering leads to many positive outcomes, especially when one’s reasons for volunteering are satisfied by...     

A mixed methods study: Midlife African American women’s knowledge,beliefs, and barriers to well-woman visit,flu vaccine,and mammogram use

ABSTRACT

African American women (AAW) are particularly at risk for deleterious health outcomes that might be mitigated through increased preventive care use. A mixed methods study that examined relationships between knowledge of, beliefs about, and barriers to well-woman visits, flu vaccines, and mammograms was conducted with midlife AAW who participated in an online survey (n = 124) and in-depth interviews (n = 19). Findings showed that greater knowledge of preventive service recommendations and positive patient-provider relationships were associated with greater preventive service use. Flu vaccines were significantly underused. Study implications inform strategies to increase preventive care utilization among AAW and increase capacities to improve health disparities.     

Ownership concentration,board characteristics and firm performance among Shariah-compliant companies

Journal of Management and Governance - This paper aims to enhance the understanding of the relationship between corporate governance mechanism and firm performance among Shariah-compliant firms...     

Serials Spoken Here: Reports of Conferences,Institutes, and Seminars

This quarter's column spans nearly eight months in 2016 and comprises reports from three library conferences. The UKSG 39th Annual Conference and Exhibition took place in the Bournemouth International Center (BIC), April 11 to April 13. The Potomac Technical Processing Librarians 92nd Annual Meeting convened October 21 at the University of Richmond. The Charleston Conference took place in Charleston, SC, October 31 to November 5.     

Sexual Abuse and Exploitation of PreK-12 Students by School Personnel

ABSTRACT

The abuse of students by PreK-12 school personnel continues to be a multifaceted issue that affects students, staff, parents, and communities at an alarming rate. This two-part special issue builds on the dated and limited literature in this topic area and includes qualitative and quantitative research on prevalence, victim and offender characteristics, barriers to prevention, and frameworks and standards for prevention. Together these articles highlight the need for systematic data collection, policy implementation, accountability, and training and awareness. The findings from these articles provide specific practices that schools can adopt and follow to prevent school employee sexual misconduct.     

Accurate Delayed Matching-to-Sample Responding without Rehearsal: An Unintentional Demonstration with Children

Research on joint control has focused on mediational responses, in which simultaneous stimulus control from two sources leads to the emission of a single response, such as choosing a comparison stimulus in delayed matching-to-sample. Most recent studies of joint control examined the role of verbal mediators (i.e., rehearsal) in evoking accurate performance. They suggest that mediation is a necessity for accurate delayed matching-to-sample responding. We designed an experiment to establish covert rehearsal responses in young children. Before participants were taught such responses; however, we observed that they responded accurately at delays of 15 and 30 s without overt rehearsal. These findings suggest that in some cases, rehearsal is not necessary for accurate responding in such tasks.

     

Hans Uszkoreit : Interpreting the Future of Artiifcial Intelligence

International Talent Monthly: In March 2017, you and your team visited Beijing E-Town Industrial Zone. It is reported that you are planning to establish an Artiifcial Intelligence (AI) Institute. Could you introduce the current progress of the project to the readers?