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41.
42.
The total fertility rate of women of childbearing age of Dongguan County in China has been decreasing gradually from 5.9 during the period following the liberation in 1949 to 2.05 in 1982. In order to encourage young couples to implement the policy of family planning consciously, the people's government of Dongguan county decided in July 1980 that all cadres and employees in county towns who received 1-child certificates would be exempted from house rent of 45 square meters from the time they get their certificates and would be allocated a living space of a 2-children family until their children reached age 16. It also stipulated that every couple could enjoy 1 month's holiday every year for 3 years and during the holiday, their salary, bonus and rate of attendance would not be affected. Because women bear less children today, they are relieved from heavy household chores and become the main working force in collective production. As a result, the development of town-run enterprises was stimulated and the total industrial output value of these enterprises increased. The average monthly salary of each female worker is about 100 yuan. In 1984, the average income per capita of the country rose to 649.2 yuan. The implementation of family planning work has eased the tension in the education field. Previously, because of the large number of school-age children in rural areas, teachers had to teach 2 classes. In the past 4 years, great emphasis was laid on intellectual investment. During this period, 2351 schools were built and several fundraising projects were implemented. Since 1981, more than 200 new running water projects were built, and new public services have been developed, including old age homes. 相似文献
43.
翻译中心智距离存在的客观性 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
王文斌 《宁波大学学报(人文科学版)》1994,(1)
翻译难是一个众所周知的事实。难的原因有多种,涉及许多内在和外在诸因素,其中有一个不容忽视的成因是译者与原作者之间客观地存在着“心智距离”,即译者在语际传译过程中,受自身诸种内在因素的制约,不可能真正地深入到原作者的内心中去,与原作者同思维、共呼吸,与原作者的意旨彻底复合。当代西方流行的接受美学理论为这一现象作了很好的佐证。 相似文献
44.
This paper models household fertility decisions by using a generalized Poisson regression model. Since the fertility data
used in the paper exhibit under-dispersion, the generalized Poisson regression model has statistical advantages over both
standard Poisson and negative binomial regression models, and is suitable for analysis of count data that exhibit either over-dispersion
or under-dispersion. The model is estimated by the method of maximum likelihood. Approximate tests for the dispersion and
goodness-of-fit measures for comparing alternative models are discussed. Based on observations from the Panel Study of Income
Dynamics of 1989 interviewing year, the empirical results support the fertility hypothesis of Becker and Lewis (1973).
Received January 7, 1997 /Accepted April 3, 1997 相似文献
45.
汪超 《浙江大学学报(人文社会科学版)》1993,5(5):204
近20年来,词学研究有所进展,但仍存在一些问题。词学研究应在多重网络中展开。首先,词学是专门之学,但研究者仍需建构开放的知识网络。词乐研究虽有不少成果,但仍处于相对低潮。这与研究者受限于音乐知识,无法有效介入有关。词谱、词律等专门之学亦是如此。其次,可以尝试词学研究的时空延展,打造通观的“全息网络”,通过长时段的、大量的文本分析发现新话题。同时,注意域外汉籍,因为它们可以提供新文献,启发新视角,丰富文本网络。最后,要注意数字人文的发展趋向,要建设词学检索库,善用新技术,更新研究理念,以便及时因应。但数字人文终究只是辅助研究手段,技术取代不了阅读与思考,只有在传统研究的基础上,技术才能发挥更大的作用。 相似文献
46.
Wang W 《China population newsletter》1984,1(3):1-3
In seeking a solution to its population problem, China, as a developing socialist country, has been making unremitting efforts to develop economy while controlling the rapid growth. The objective is to control rapid population growth so that population growth may be in keeping with socioeconomic development and commensurate with utilization of natural resources and environmental protection. In the past decade, and particularly since 1979, China has made much progress in developing economy and gained remarkable successes in controlling population growth. The natural population growth rate dropped to 1.15% in 1983, from 2.089% in 1973. Living standards have improved with a gradual annual increase of per capita income. All this proves that the policy of promoting family planning to control population growth along with planned economic development is correct. In China family planning is a basic state policy. The government has advocated the practice of "1 couple, 1 child" since 1979. This does not mean that 1 couple could have 1 child only in every case. The government provides guidance for the implementation of family planning programs in the light of specific conditions such as economic developments, cultural background, population structure, and the wishes of the people in different localities. The requirements are more flexible in rural than in urban areas and more so among the people of national minorities than among the people of the Han Nationality. In rural areas, couples who have actual difficulties and want to have 2 children may have a 2nd birth with planned spacing. In carrying out its family planning program, China has consistently adhered to the principle of integrating state guidance with the masses' voluntariness. The government has always emphasized the importance of encouraging the people's own initiatives, through publicity and education, which is the key link in implementing the family planning program. 相似文献
47.
An "age-time-area diagram" (referred to as a-t diagram) which is used as the basis for discussing different used and applications of variously defined mortality rates, as well two kinds of measurements for life expectancy is proprosed. The proposal is built upon the Lexis diagram. The a-t diagram is used to define a new way of measuring child mortality, projecting population, and proposing a formula for measuring successive and nonsuccessive life expectancy. 相似文献
48.
作为国民经济基础的农业历来在西部地区发展中居于重要位置。改革开放以来,西部地区的农民同全国的农民一样,也在努力发展农村经济,脱贫致富奔小康。但是,西部地区的农业发展仍存在着诸多问题,总体水平远远低于全国和东部,甚至中部地区。究其原因造成西部农业落后、农民贫困的最主要的深层原因就是二元经济结构、落后的农业生产方式以及恶劣的农业生产生态环境。 相似文献
49.
50.
资本主义和社会主义同样都在致力于解决环境问题和建设生态社会。岩佐茂认为,两者关于生态文明社会的构想存在着根本差异:前者是资本逻辑支配的社会,后者是生活逻辑贯穿的社会;前者只具有狭隘的地域视野,后者则具有广阔的全球视野;前者是无理念的资本循环型经济体系,后者是有理念的环保型循环社会。这些差异决定了生态社会主义是真正的生态文明社会,而资本主义只能够在一定程度上解决生态环境问题,不可能建成真正意义上的生态文明社会。 相似文献