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61.
It is argued that the theory of negotiated order, which has remained largely submerged within a series of fairly specific “grounded” case studies of occupations, professions, and complex organizations in the health field, has a number of attractive qualities to it. As such, it represents one of the more exciting recent developments in the study of organizations The present paper examines the more recent historical origins of the theory, summarizes its major points, and critically assesses its strengths and weaknesses. Since most of the substance of the theory is found in studies of health professionals working in hospital settings, the examples used here are also derived from this particular body of literature. Some future possible directions which we believe will improve the overall explanatory power of the perspective are presented in the concluding section. 相似文献
62.
Phelan JC 《Journal of health and social behavior》2005,46(4):307-322
One likely consequence of the genetics revolution is an increased tendency to understand human behavior in genetic terms. How might this "geneticization" affect stigma? Attribution theory predicts a reduction in stigma via reduced blame, anger, and punishment and increased sympathy and help. According to "genetic essentialist" thinking, genes are the basis of human identity and strongly deterministic of behavior. If such ideas are commonly accepted, geneticization should exacerbate stigma by increasing perceptions of differentness, persistence, seriousness, and transmissibility, which in turn should increase social distance and reproductive restrictiveness. I test these predictions using the case of mental illness and a vignette experiment embedded in a nationally representative survey. There was little support for attribution theory predictions. Consistent with genetic essentialism, genetic attributions increased the perceived seriousness and persistence of the mental illness and the belief that siblings and children would develop the same problem. Genetic attribution did not affect reproductive restrictiveness or social distance from the ill person but did increase social distance from the person's sibling, particularly regarding intimate forms of contact involving dating, marriage, and having children. 相似文献
63.
64.
Statistics, as functions of the observations, are usually given by well-behaved functions. This fact is used to obtain limit distributions for statistics whose components are given by asymptotically linear functions. These results are then extended to the moments of distributions, covariance matrices and confidence regions for parameters of interest. These regions may be used to test, through duality, hypothesis on these parameters. A theoretical application is presented. 相似文献
65.
João Lita da Silva 《Statistics》2013,47(3):657-667
The strong consistency of the least-squares estimates in regression models is obtained when the errors are i.i.d. with absolute moment of order r, 0<r? 2. The assumptions presented for the random error sequence will permit us to obtain improvements of the conditions on the regressors in order to obtain the strong consistency of the least-squares estimates in linear and nonlinear regression models. 相似文献
66.
We establish strong consistency of the least squares estimates in multiple regression models discarding the usual assumption of the errors having null mean value. Thus, we required them to be i.i.d. with absolute moment of order r, 0<r<2, and null mean value when r>1. Only moderately restrictive conditions are imposed on the model matrix. In our treatment, we use an extension of the Marcinkiewicz–Zygmund strong law to overcome the errors mean value not being defined. In this way, we get a unified treatment for the case of i.i.d. errors extending the results of some previous papers. 相似文献
67.
Jo Doezema Ph.D. Candiate 《Gender Issues》1999,18(1):23-50
This article compares current concerns about “trafficking in women” with turn of the century discourses about “white slavery.”
It traces the emergence of narratives on “white slavery” and their re-emergence in the moral panics and boundary crises of
contemporary discourses on “trafficking in women.” Drawing on historical analysis and contemporary representations of sex
worker migration, the paper argues that the narratives of innocent, virginal victims purveyed in the “trafficking in women”
discourse are a modern version of the myth of “white slavery.” These narratives, the article argues, reflect persisting anxieties
about female sexuality and women's autonomy. Racialised representations of the migrant “Other” as helpless, child-like, victims
strips sex workers of their agency. The article argues that while the myth of “trafficking in women”/”white slavery” is ostensibly
about protecting women, the underlying moral concern is with the control of “loose women.” Through the denial of migrant sex
workers' agency, these discourses serve to reinforce notions of female dependence and purity that serve to further marginalise
sex workers and undermine their human rights.
An earlier version of this paper was presented at the International Studies Association Convention, Washington D.C., February
16–20, 1999, and is available on-line at www.walnet.org/NSWP. 相似文献
68.
Relationships Between Candidate Self-Monitoring, Perceived Personality, and Selection Interview Outcomes 总被引:2,自引:0,他引:2
Neil Anderson Jo Silvester Nicole Cunningham-Snell Emma Haddleton 《Human Relations》1999,52(9):1115-1131
A study into the relationships between candidateself-monitoring ability, interviewer perceptions ofcandidate personality, and interviewer outcome decisionsin the context of actual graduate recruitment interviews (n = 130) is presented. Detailedpsychometric norm data is also reported on the Lennoxand Wolfe (1984) revised Self-Monitoring (RS-M) scale,together with the results of confirmatory factoranalyses into the factor structure of this measure. Itwas found that candidate self-monitoring ability wasonly moderately and nonsignificantly related tointerviewer outcome evaluations, and thatself-monitoring was generally uncorrelated with thepositiveness of recruiter impressions of candidatepersonality. Confirmatory factor analyses revealed thata two correlated factor structure for the RS-M scale, inaccordance with the original authors' formulation,provided the most parsimonious fit. Norm data for theRS-M scale is reported for this sample of Britishgraduates, including item statistics, item to subscale,item to scale correlations, and internal reliabilitycoefficients. Implications for future research intocandidate impression management, self-monitoring,interviewer decision making, and the practicalimplications arising from these findings arediscussed. 相似文献
69.
The justice literature suggests, but has nottested, a positive relationship between met expectationsabout multiple workplace rewards and distributivejustice evaluations (the individual's assessment of whether s/he has been treated fairly). Datafrom samples of teachers in South Korea (N = 649) andthe U.S. (N = 810) are used to examine thisrelationship. In addition, U.S.-South Korea culturalvalue differences in individualism, seniority, and hierarchicalauthority are the basis for hypothesizing that certainreward-specific met expectations will be linkeddifferently to justice evaluations across the twosocieties. As hypothesized for both societies, the moreone's expectations about job-related rewards are met,the greater the perception of just treatment. Also ashypothesized, several societal differences based on cultural differences are found. Metexpectations about autonomy are more important inexplaining justice evaluations in the U.S., whereas metexpectations about advancement opportunities are moreimportant in South Korea. 相似文献
70.