Bargaining with reasonable aspirations

Consider bargaining situations with two persons, where both have a specific idea of what would be an equitable outcome. In case these ideas differ, a procedure is needed which leads to a compromise between the different views. In the present paper the axioms of restricted homogeneity and of relative monotonicity are introduced, each of which, together with other standard conditions, allows one to determine a solution for this class of bargaining problems. An extension of this solution to bargaining problems with more than two persons is formulated.     

Psychopathology of transvestism and transsexualism

Vaginismus being a reaction of avoidance of an anxiety‐producing situation, is readily amenable to treatment by systematic desensitization. This may proceed in two main ways: “in vitro” or “in vivo”. In order to strengthen and speed‐up the desensitization process, we used hypnotic techniques in a dynamic approach.

The first session of both methods is dedicated to building an adequate doctor‐couple relationship, careful history‐taking and dissipation of myths and fallacies regarding sexuality or hypnosis. Any attempts at sexual intercourse are forbidden at this stage.

The “in vitro” treatment proceeds with the imagery, under hypnosis, of an “anxiety hierarchy” of increasingly erotic and sexually intimate situations, which will be reproduced at home with the partner, until sexual intercourse is achieved. In the “in vivo” method the patient learns self‐hypnosis and then inserts into her vagina first her finger, then Hegar dilators of gradually increasing size. The partner, the patient and the physician will then successively proceed to the insertion, forming a team work situation. This continues until the “female superior position”, practiced first with the largest dilator, is reproduced at home by intercourse.     

‘Your Mind is the Battlefield’: South African Trainee Health Workers Engage with the Past

A key problematic in any post‐conflict society is how to account for the injustices of the past, while at the same time making a space for the development of a shared future. In South Africa, there is an increasing demand for health and social service workers, who are required to address the impact of an unjust past upon individuals and communities. Educators of health and social service workers are thus faced with the complexities of finding pedagogical practices that would allow students to recognize these past injustices and their impact on present problems. This article looks at data taken from a teaching project across two South African universities, where students from three professions engaged in online discussions about their personal, social and future professional identities. During some of these discussions, students spontaneously entered into disagreements about the relevance or irrelevance of the past in modern‐day South Africa. The data indicates considerable reluctance on the part of some students to talk about the past and its relevance to the present. The authors suggest that while talking about the past is both difficult and potentially painful for students, it is nevertheless the responsibility of educators to facilitate such discussions among trainee professionals.     

A theorem on utilitarian redistribution

A theorem is presented which characterizes regions where the marginal utilities of most goods decrease with increasing utility, given non-inferiority of one good and a strictly concave utility function. An analysis of the optimum utilitarian tax rests on this result.I am grateful to Josef Falkinger and Bengt-Arne Wickström for helpful comments. A previous version of the paper was written when the author visited Oxford University, Wolfson College.     

Validation of a measure of college students' intoxicated behaviors: associations with alcohol outcome expectancies, drinking motives, and personality

OBJECTIVE: The authors aimed to develop a measure of college students' intoxicated behaviors and to validate the measure using scales assessing alcohol outcome expectancies, motives for drinking, and personality traits. PARTICIPANTS AND METHOD SUMMARY: The authors administered these measures and an inventory describing 50 intoxicated behaviors to 198 college students and conducted factor analysis on intoxicated behaviors. Logistic regression models examined relationships between intoxicated behavior dimensions and expectances, motives, and personality traits. RESULTS: Self-reported behaviors during intoxication episodes were reducible to 3 basic dimensions that formed reliable and valid scales: social, antisocial, and emotionally labile intoxication. CONCLUSIONS: Researchers can use the Intoxicated Behaviors Inventory to evaluate the effectiveness of interventions targeting drinking or to identify college students at risk for problematic consequences of alcohol use. In addition, results point to the need for community efforts to encourage more moderate drinking among college students.     

On generalized variance of product of powered components and multiple stable Tweedie models

A flexible family of multivariate models, named multiple stable Tweedie (MST) models, is introduced and produces generalized variance functions which are products of powered components of the mean. These MST models are built from a fixed univariate stable Tweedie variable having a positive value domain, and the remaining random variables given the fixed one are also real independent Tweedie variables, with the same dispersion parameter equal to the fixed component. In this huge family of MST models, generalized variance estimators are explicitly pointed out by maximum likelihood method and, moreover, computably presented for the uniform minimum variance and unbiased approach. The second estimator is brought from modified Lévy measures of MST which lead to some solutions of particular Monge–Ampère equations.     

„Es waren tolle Zeiten!“

The history and development of Group Dynamics in Europe is closely associated with Prof. Traugott Lindner. In an interview, he speaks about the difficult start after World War II, his experience in the USA, and the struggle to establish training possibilities for future trainers in Austria. Prof. Lindner has established, with his many students, Group Dynamics as a keystone of organisational development across Europe.